Ohio

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Population

11.7M

0.264% growth

Median Age

39.5


Median Household Income

$56,111

3.87% growth

Poverty Rate

14.9%


Number of Employees

5.42M

1.14% growth

Median Property Value

$151,100

4.79% growth

About

Economy

Health

Diversity

Education

Housing & Living

About

In 2018, Ohio had a population of 11.7M people with a median age of 39.5 and a median household income of $56,111. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Ohio grew from 11.7M to 11.7M, a 0.264% increase and its median household income grew from $54,021 to $56,111, a 3.87% increase.

The population of Ohio is 78.6% White Alone, 12.2% Black or African American Alone, and 3.9% Hispanic or Latino. 7.34% of the people in Ohio speak a non-English language, and 97.8% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Ohio are Ohio State University-Main Campus (15,731 degrees awarded in 2017), University of Cincinnati-Main Campus (10,454 degrees), and Ohio University-Main Campus (9,687 degrees).

The median property value in Ohio is $151,100, and the homeownership rate is 65.9%. Most people in Ohio commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 22.6 minutes. The average car ownership in Ohio is 2 cars per household.

Photo by Erik Drost

United States

Economy

The economy of Ohio employs 5.42M people. The largest industries in Ohio are Restaurants & Food Services (378,749 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (326,348 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (306,281 people), and the highest paying industries are Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($109,947), Pharmaceutical & medicine manufacturing ($107,118), and Petroleum refining ($100,055).

Median household income in Ohio is $56,111. Males in Ohio have an average income that is 1.34 times higher than the average income of females, which is $48,520. The income inequality in Ohio (measured using the Gini index) is 0.46, which is lower than than the national average.

Wages

Median Household Income

$56,111

2018 value

± $425

3.87%

1 Year Growth

± 1.03%

Households in Ohio have a median annual income of $56,111, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $54,021 in 2017, which represents a 3.87% annual growth.

Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Ohio compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

$65,155

Average Male Salary

± $1,041

$48,520

Average Female Salary

± $780

In 2018, full-time male employees in Ohio made 1.34 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Ohio by number of full-time employees.

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Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity

  1. Asian

    $61,444 ± $4,429

  2. White

    $51,160 ± $663

  3. Two or More Races

    $36,079 ± $3,030

In 2018 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Ohio workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.2 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Ohio by number of full-time employees.

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Wage Distribution

0.46

2018 Wage GINI

0.457

2017 Wage GINI

In 2018, the income inequality in Ohio was 0.46 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.704% growth from 2017 to 2018, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even.

The 2018 the GINI for Ohio was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Ohio in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Ohio across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Income by Location

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Highest Median Household Income (Total)

  1. Delaware County, OH

  2. Warren County, OH

  3. Geauga County, OH

In 2018, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Ohio was Delaware County, OH with a value of $99,881, followed by Warren County, OH and Geauga County, OH, with respective values of $86,473 and $82,784.

The following map shows all of the counties in Ohio colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

14.9% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Ohio (1.68M out of 11.3M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Males 18 - 24.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

  1. White

    1,099,404 ± 7,382

  2. Black

    437,788 ± 4,697

  3. Hispanic

    105,142 ± 2,252

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Ohio is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Occupations

Employment by Occupations

5.42M

2018 Value

1.14%

1 Year growth

± 1.14%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Ohio grew at a rate of 1.14%, from 5.36M employees to 5.42M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Ohio, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (144,075 people), Registered nurses (140,800 people), and Elementary & middle school teachers (130,937 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Ohio.

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Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Ohio, by number of employees, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (144,075 people), Registered nurses (140,800 people), and Elementary & middle school teachers (130,937 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Ohio has an unusually high number of residents working as Tool & die makers (3.5 times higher than expected), Extruding, forming, pressing, & compacting machine setters, operators, & tenders (3.43 times), and Other machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic (3.17 times).

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Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Ohio, by average salary, are Surgeons ($249,679), Physicians ($223,734), and Judicial law clerks ($208,748).

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Industries

Employment by Industries

5.42M

2018 Value

1.14%

1 Year growth

± 1.14%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Ohio grew at a rate of 1.14%, from 5.36M employees to 5.42M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Ohio, are Restaurants & Food Services (378,749 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (326,348 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (306,281 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Ohio, though some of these residents may live in Ohio and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Most Common

The most common industries in Ohio, by number of employees, are Restaurants & Food Services (378,749 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (326,348 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (306,281 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Ohio has an unusually high number of Paint, coating, & adhesive manufacturing (4.07 times higher than expected), Household appliance manufacturing (3.98 times), and Rubber products, except tires, manufacturing (3.92 times) industries.

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Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Ohio, by average salary, are Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($109,947), Pharmaceutical & medicine manufacturing ($107,118), and Petroleum refining ($100,055).

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

  1. Mixed freight

    $68.6B

  2. Motorized vehicles

    $67.9B

  3. Machinery

    $51B

In 2015, the top outbound Ohio product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $68.6B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($67.9B) and Machinery ($51B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Ohio products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

$675B

2020 Value

$952B

Projected 2045 Value

41.1% growth

In 2020, total outbound Ohio trade was $675B. This is expected to increase 41.1% to $952B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Ohio trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.

Most Common Trade Partners

  1. Michigan

    $49.2B

  2. Indiana

    $37.6B

  3. Pennsylvania

    $35.5B

In 2015, the top outbound Ohio domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Michigan with $49.2B, followed by Indiana with $37.6B and Pennsylvania and $35.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Ohio shares with each state (excluding itself).

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Health

94% of the population of Ohio has health coverage, with 50.9% on employee plans, 18.2% on Medicaid, 13% on Medicare, 10.6% on non-group plans, and 1.35% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in the state of Ohio was $8,712 in 2014. This is a 5.14% increase from the previous year ($8,286).

Primary care physicians in Ohio see 1307 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.538% increase from the previous year (1300 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1656 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 561 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Scioto County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (16.8%). Additionally, Hocking County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (40.3%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,307 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio

Primary care physicians in Ohio see an average of 1,307 patients per year. This represents a 0.538% increase from the previous year (1,300 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Ohio in comparison to neighboring states.

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Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

  1. West Virginia

    8.26% of the population affected

  2. Arkansas

    8.13% of the population affected

  3. New Hampshire

    7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

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Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

  1. Mississippi

    19.2% of adults

  2. Texas

    17.9% of adults

  3. Louisiana

    17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

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Health Care Spending

$8,712

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care 

$4,371

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,007

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$11,038

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Ohio (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.14%, from $8,286 to $8,712.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

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Health Care Coverage

5.97%

Uninsured

50.9%

Employer Coverage

18.2%

Medicaid

13%

Medicare

10.6%

Non-Group

1.35%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Ohio grew by 6.15% from 5.63% to 5.97%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Ohio changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Risks

Data available at the county level.

Most at risk counties

  1. Scioto County

    16.8% prevalence

  2. Lawrence County

    15.9% prevalence

  3. Vinton County

    15.3% prevalence

Scioto County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Ohio, at 16.8%.

The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Ohio by county over multiple years.

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Diversity

Ohio is home to a population of 11.7M people, from which 97.8% are citizens. As of 2017, 4.31% of Ohio residents were born outside of the country (502k people).

The ethnic composition of the population of Ohio is composed of 9.18M White Alone residents (78.6%), 1.43M Black or African American Alone residents (12.2%), 456k Hispanic or Latino residents (3.9%), 313k Two or More Races residents (2.67%), 269k Asian Alone residents (2.3%), 20.8k Some Other Race Alone residents (0.178%), 18.6k American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.159%), and 3.82k Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0327%).

The most common foreign languages spoken in Ohio are Spanish (261,305 speakers), Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch or Other West Germanic Languages (57,047 speakers), and Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (49,559 speakers).

Age

Age by Nativity

39

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.2

41

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 0.7

In 2018, the median age of all people in Ohio was 39.5. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 39, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 41. But people in Ohio are getting getting older. In 2017, the average age of all Ohio residents was 39.

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Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

4.31%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

502k people

4.17%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

485k people

As of 2017, 4.31% of Ohio residents (502k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Ohio was 4.17%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Ohio compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

  1. India

    62,221 ± 6,108 people

  2. Mexico

    44,382 ± 5,162 people

  3. China

    35,261 ± 4,603 people

In 2018, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Ohio was India, the natal country of 62,221 Ohio residents, followed by Mexico with 44,382 and China with 35,261.

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Citizenship

97.8%

2018 Citizenship

97.8%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 97.8% of Ohio residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Ohio was 97.8%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Ohio compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

Most Common

  1. White Alone

    9.18M ± 3.51k

  2. Black or African American Alone

    1.43M ± 11.7k

  3. Hispanic or Latino

    456k ± 14.6k

In 2018, there were 6.44 times more White Alone residents (9.18M people) in Ohio than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.43M Black or African American Alone and 456k Hispanic or Latino residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.

The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Ohio as a share of the total population.

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Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

  1. Spanish

    261,305 speakers (2.38%)

  2. Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch or Other West Germanic Languages

    57,047 speakers (0.519%)

  3. Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)

    49,559 speakers (0.451%)

7.34% of Ohio citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is lower than the national average of 21.9%. In 2018, the most common non-English language spoken in Ohio was Spanish. 2.38% of the overall population of Ohio are native Spanish speakers. 0.519% speak Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch or Other West Germanic Languages and 0.451% speak Spanish, the next two most common languages.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

  1. Vietnam

    238,267 ± 6,492

  2. Gulf War (2001-)

    111,617 ± 6,008

  3. Gulf War (1990s)

    88,567 ± 4,198

Ohio has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.13 times greater than any other conflict.

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Education

In 2017, universities in Ohio awarded 171,786 degrees. The student population of Ohio is skewed towards women, with 292,387 male students and 373,682 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Ohio are White (123,297 and 76.5%), followed by Black or African American (16,797 and 10.4%), Unknown (6,839 and 4.24%), and Hispanic or Latino (5,534 and 3.43%).

The largest universities in Ohio by number of degrees awarded are Ohio State University-Main Campus (15,731 and 9.16%), University of Cincinnati-Main Campus (10,454 and 6.09%), and Ohio University-Main Campus (9,687 and 5.64%).

The most popular majors in Ohio are Registered Nursing (11,790 and 6.86%), General Business Administration & Management (9,115 and 5.31%), and Liberal Arts & Sciences (6,498 and 3.78%).

The median tuition costs in Ohio are $28,100 for private four year colleges, and $5,753 and $14,196 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

  1. Registered Nursing

    6,819 degrees awarded

  2. General Psychology

    3,513 degrees awarded

  3. General Business Administration & Management

    2,987 degrees awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Ohio was Registered Nursing with 6,819 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Ohio according to their major.

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Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

  1. Ohio State University-Main Campus

    15,731 degrees awarded

  2. University of Cincinnati-Main Campus

    10,454 degrees awarded

  3. Ohio University-Main Campus

    9,687 degrees awarded

$5,753

Median In-State Public

$28,100

Median Private

In 2017, the Ohio institution with the largest number of graduating students was Ohio State University-Main Campus with 15,731 degrees awarded.

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Student Gender for Common Institutions

72,842

Degrees Awarded to Men

98,944

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2017, 72,842 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Ohio, which is 0.736 times less than the 98,944 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Ohio by degrees awarded.

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Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

  1. White

    123,297 degrees awarded

  2. Black or African American

    16,797 degrees awarded

  3. Unknown

    6,839 degrees awarded

In 2017 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Ohio were to White students. These 123,297 degrees mean that there were 7.34 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 16,797 degrees awarded.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Ohio was $151,100 in 2018, which is 0.658 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $144,200 to $151,100, a 4.79% increase. The homeownership rate in Ohio is 65.9%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Ohio have an average commute time of 22.6 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Ohio is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$151,100

2018 Median

± $792

$144,200

2017 Median

± $1,015

In 2018, the median property value in Ohio grew to to $151,100 from the previous year's value of $144,200.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Ohio compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Ohio the largest share of households have a property value in the $100k - $125k range.

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$56,111

Median Household Income

± $425

4.69M

Number of Households

± 31,777

In 2018, the median household income of the 4.69M households in Ohio grew to $56,111 from the previous year's value of $54,021.

The following chart displays the households in Ohio distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Ohio distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Ohio the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

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Rent vs Own

65.9%

2018 Homeownership

65.8%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 65.9% of the housing units in Ohio were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 65.8%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Ohio compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Commute Time

22.6 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Ohio have a shorter commute time (22.6 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.7 minutes). Additionally, 1.65% of the workforce in Ohio have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Ohio compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

  1. Drove Alone

    82.4%

  2. Carpooled

    8.23%

  3. Worked At Home

    4.4%

In 2018, the most common method of travel for workers in Ohio was Drove Alone (82.4%), followed by those who Carpooled (8.23%) and those who Worked At Home (4.4%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Ohio distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Ohio have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.

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