Ohio

State

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    2024 Population
    11.8M
    US Senator
    Bernie Moreno
    Republican Party
    US Senator
    Jon Husted
    Republican Party
    2024 Median Age
    39.7
    0.253% 1-year increase
    2024 Poverty Rate
    13.3%
    0.373% 1-year increase
    2024 Median Household Income
    $71,389
    2.45% 1-year growth
    2024 Median Property Value
    $214,800
    7.83% 1-year growth
    2024 Employed Population
    5.48M
    0.513% 1-year growth

    About

    8.02% of the households in Ohio reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

    97.5% of the residents in Ohio are U.S. citizens.

    The largest universities in Ohio are Ohio State University-Main Campus (16,972 degrees awarded in 2024), University of Cincinnati-Main Campus (12,861 degrees), and Ohio University-Main Campus (8,198 degrees).

    In 2024, the median property value in Ohio was $214,800, and the homeownership rate was 67.2%.

    Most people in Ohio drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 23.4 minutes. The average car ownership in Ohio was 2 cars per household.

    Population & Diversity

    Ohio is home to a population of 11.8M people, from which 97.5% are citizens. As of 2024, 5% of Ohio residents were born outside of the country (591k people).

    In 2024, there were 6.3 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (8.96M people) in Ohio than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.42M Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 405k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Ohio are Spanish (294,716 households), Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch or Other West Germanic Languages (62,928 households), and Arabic (48,086 households).

    Population by Location

    Sex
    RACE/ETHNICITY

    In 2024 there were 11,810,293 residents in Ohio.

    The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) with the highest resident population were Ashtabula & Geauga Counties PUMA, OH (192,498 people), Summit County (Central)--Akron City PUMA, OH (190,987 people), and Mahoning County (Northeast)--Youngstown City, Boardman & Austintown PUMA, OH (186,453 people).

    The following map shows all of the states in Ohio colored by the resident population.

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    Residents by Gender and Age

    RACE/ETHNICITY
    5,985,164
    Women
    50.7%
    5,825,129
    Men
    49.3%

    The resident population of United States in 2024 was 11,810,293 inhabitants, with 49.3% men, and 50.7% women.

    The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Ohio.

    With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

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    Citizenship

    97.5%
    2024 Citizenship
    97.6%
    2023 Citizenship

    As of 2024, 97.5% of Ohio residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Ohio was 97.6%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

    The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Ohio compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Race and Ethnicity

    The 3 largest ethnic groups in Ohio
    1. White (Non-Hispanic)
      8.96M ± 4.65k
    2. Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
      1.42M ± 5.87k
    3. Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
      405k ± 6.16k
    4.76%
    Hispanic Population
    563k people

    In 2024, there were 6.3 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (8.96M people) in Ohio than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.42M Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 405k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    4.76% of the people in Ohio are hispanic (563k people).

    The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Ohio as a share of the total population.

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    Global Diversity

    Most Common Origin
    1. India
      66,921 ± 6,333 people
    2. Mexico
      46,789 ± 5,300 people
    3. China
      32,961 ± 4,451 people

    In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Ohio was India, the natal country of 66,921 Ohio residents, followed by Mexico with 46,789 and China with 32,961.

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    Foreign-Born Population

    5%
    2024 Foreign-Born Population
    591k people
    4.85%
    2023 Foreign-Born Population
    571k people

    As of 2024, 5% of Ohio residents (591k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Ohio was 4.85%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

    The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Ohio compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Non-English Households

    Most Common Non-English Languages
    1. Spanish
      294,716 households (2.65%)
    2. Yiddish, Pennsylvania Dutch or Other West Germanic Languages
      62,928 households (0.565%)
    3. Arabic
      48,086 households (0.432%)

    8.02% of the households in Ohio reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

    In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Ohio was Spanish. 2.65% of the households in Ohio reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

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    Veterans

    Most Common Service Period
    1. Vietnam
      201,881 ± 3,132
    2. Gulf War (2001-)
      128,984 ± 2,919
    3. Gulf War (1990s)
      89,842 ± 2,666

    Ohio has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.57 times greater than any other conflict.

    The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Ohio.

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    Health

    93.6% of the population of Ohio has health coverage, with 49.9% on employee plans, 17.9% on Medicaid, 14% on Medicare, 10.5% on non-group plans, and 1.29% on military or VA plans.

    Primary care physicians in Ohio see 1,328 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,328 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1535 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 286 patients per year.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.1% were men and 50.9% were women.

    Patient to Clinician Ratios

    1,328 to 1
    Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Ohio

    Primary care physicians in Ohio see an average of 1,328 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,328 patients).

    The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Ohio in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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    Health Care Diversity

    In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.6% under 18 years, 20.7% between 18 and 34 years, 37.7% between 35 and 64 years, and 17.9% over 64 years.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.1% were men and 50.9% were women.

    The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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    Uninsured People

    6.41%
    Uninsured
    49.9%
    Employer Coverage
    17.9%
    Medicaid
    14%
    Medicare
    10.5%
    Non-Group
    1.29%
    Military or VA

    Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Ohio grew by 0.723% from 6.36% to 6.41%.

    The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Ohio changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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    Health Outcomes

    Indicator

    In 2025, the average number of mentally unhealthy days reported in past 30 days (age-adjusted) was 6.06 in Ohio.

    The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Ohio and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Ohio.

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    Health Behaviors

    Indicator

    In 2025, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 38.4% in Ohio.

    The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Ohio and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Ohio.

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    Clinical Care

    Indicator

    In 2025, the percentage of population under age 65 without health insurance was 7.1% in Ohio.

    The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Ohio and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Ohio.

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    Economy

    The economy of Ohio employs 5.48M people. In 2024, the largest industries in Ohio were General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (342,708 people), Restaurants & Food Services (341,935 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (311,946 people), and the highest paying industries were Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($142,371), Software publishers ($127,257), and Soap, cleaning compound, & cosmetics manufacturing ($123,853).

    Males in Ohio have an average income that is 1.3 times higher than the average income of females, which is $62,815. The income inequality in Ohio (measured using the Gini index) is 0.451, which is lower than than the national average.

    Workforce Diversity

    Measure
    RACE/ETHNICITY
    2,650,576
    Women
    48.4%
    2,827,587
    Men
    51.6%

    The workforce of Ohio in 2024 was 5,478,163 people, with 48.4% woman, and 51.6% men.

    The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Ohio.

    With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

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    Workforce and Wage by Location

    Measure
    RACE/ETHNICITY

    In 2024 there were 5,478,163 people working in Ohio. The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) that concentrated the largest workforce were Medina County PUMA, OH (91,775 people), Summit County (Central)--Akron City PUMA, OH (87,531 people), and Lorain County (South)--North Ridgeville, Avon Lake & Avon Cities PUMA, OH (86,357 people).

    The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Ohio colored by workforce or average wage.

    With the upper buttons you can see the yearly change and add a filter by race.

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    Occupations

    5.48M
    2024 Value
    0.513%
    1 Year growth
    ± 0.513%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in Ohio grew at a rate of 0.513%, from 5.45M employees to 5.48M employees.

    The most common job groups, by number of people living in Ohio, are Registered nurses (147,241 people), Other managers (140,863 people), and Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (140,681 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Ohio.

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    Unemployment Insurance Claims

    This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Ohio (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

    The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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    Employment by Industries

    5.48M
    2024 Value
    0.513%
    1 Year growth
    ± 0.513%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in Ohio grew at a rate of 0.513%, from 5.45M employees to 5.48M employees.

    The most common employment sectors for those who live in Ohio, are General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (342,708 people), Restaurants & Food Services (341,935 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (311,946 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Ohio, though some of these residents may live in Ohio and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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    Median Earnings by Industry

    $55,214
    Median earning men ± $319
    $40,527
    Median earning women ± $166

    The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($82,468), Public Administration ($78,038), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($66,724).

    The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Public Administration ($58,786), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($56,859), and Wholesale Trade ($48,955).

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    Employment by Industry Sector

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.
    Y-Axis
    1.48%
    Year-over-year growth
    Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

    As of February 2023, there are 5.51M people employed in Ohio. This represents a 1.48% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

    Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 15.4%.

    The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Ohio.

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    Establishments by Size

    The industries with the most establishments
    1. 16,109
      Other Services (except Public Administration)
    2. 15,328
      Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
    3. 13,172
      Retail Trade

    The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

    Depending on the option selected, the visualization shows the number of employees or number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

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    Payroll by Industry Sector

    The industries with the highest total annual payroll
    1. $49.6M
      Health Care and Social Assistance
    2. $44.9M
      Manufacturing
    3. $24.7M
      Finance and Insurance

    The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

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    Domestic Production & Consumption

    Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.
    Top Domestic Production in Dollars
    1. $57B
    2. $56.2B
    3. $52.7B

    In 2024, the top outbound Ohio product (by dollars) was Machinery with $57B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($56.2B) and Mixed freight ($52.7B).

    The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Ohio products.

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    Domestic Trade Growth

    Showing data for Ohio.
    $666B
    2024 Value in Ohio
    $1.24T
    Projected 2050 Value in Ohio
    86.8% growth

    In 2024, total outbound Ohio trade was $666B. This is expected to increase 86.8% to $1.24T by 2050.

    The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Ohio trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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    Interstate Trade

    Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.
    Most Common Trade Partners
    1. $43.9B
    2. $39.6B
    3. $30.9B

    In 2024, the top outbound Ohio domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Michigan with $43.9B, followed by Indiana with $39.6B and Pennsylvania and $30.9B.

    The following map shows the amount of trade that Ohio shares with each state (excluding itself).

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    Civics

    In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Ohio went to Donald J. Trump with 55.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (43.9%), followed by Chase Oliver (0.489%).

    The most partisan county was Holmes County, OH with 83.4% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

    Bernie Moreno and Jon Husted are the senators currently representing the state of Ohio. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

    Presidential Popular Vote by County

    Donald J. Trump
    Popular Vote for Ohio
    55.1% for the Republican Party
    Most Partisan Counties in Ohio
    1. 83.4% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
    2. 82.4% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
    3. 81.9% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

    In the 2024 presidential election, the most partisan county in Ohio was Holmes County, OH with 83.4% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

    The following map shows the counties in Ohio colored by their party leaning.

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    US Senators from Ohio

    Bernie Moreno
    Senator from Ohio1
    Assumed office on January 3, 2025
    Jon Husted
    Senator from Ohio2
    Assumed office on January 21, 2025
    While elections for full class 3 terms will take place in 2028, Ohio will hold a special election in 2026 to elect a senator to complete the remainder of JD Vance's term.

    Bernie Moreno and Jon Husted are the senators currently representing Ohio.

    In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    The following chart shows elected senators in Ohio over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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    Education

    In 2024, universities in Ohio awarded 177,221 degrees. The student population of Ohio in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 265,789 male students and 360,341 female students.

    Most students graduating from Universities in Ohio are White (117,490 and 70.3%), Black or African American (20,367 and 12.2%), Hispanic or Latino (9,373 and 5.61%), and Unknown (6,708 and 4.01%).

    The largest universities in Ohio by number of degrees awarded are Ohio State University-Main Campus (16,972 and 9.58%), University of Cincinnati-Main Campus (12,861 and 7.26%), and Ohio University-Main Campus (8,198 and 4.63%).

    The most popular majors in Ohio are Registered Nursing (10,574 and 5.97%), General Business Administration & Management (9,643 and 5.44%), and Liberal Arts & Sciences (7,341 and 4.14%).

    The median tuition costs are $32,845 for private four year colleges, and $7,155 and $16,527 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

    Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

    University
    Measure

    In 2024 in Ohio, the percentage of applicants admitted was 68.5%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 18.6%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 626,130 (42.4% men and 57.6% women).

    The map shows the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

    The line chart below shows the annual evolution of the indicator by gender.

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    Enrollments by Gender and Races

    Universities

    In 2024 there were 626,130 students enrolled in Ohio, 42.4% men and 57.6% women.

    By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 399,938 records, of which 57.5% were women and 42.5% men.

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    Concentrations

    Most Common
    1. 5,524 degrees awarded
    2. 2,894 degrees awarded
    3. 2,846 degrees awarded

    In 2024, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Ohio was Registered Nursing with 5,524 degrees awarded.

    This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Ohio according to their major.

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    Universities

    Gender
    Race
    Largest Universities by degrees awarded
    1. 16,972 degrees awarded
    2. 12,861 degrees awarded
    3. 8,198 degrees awarded

    In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Ohio State University-Main Campus with 16,972 degrees awarded.

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    Student Diversity

    University

    In 2024, 73,339 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Ohio, which is 0.706 times less than the 103,882 female students who received degrees in the same year.

    In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 117,490 degrees mean that there were 5.77 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 20,367 degrees awarded.

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    Awarded Degrees over Time

    The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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    Average Net Price by Sector

    Universities

    Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($32,845) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

    Public, less-than 2-year ($1,985) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

    Private not-for-profit, 2-year ($1,932) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

    The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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    Educational Pyramid

    Measure

    In 2024, 0.842% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.754% of women were in the same situation.

    This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

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    Educational Attainment

    Race

    The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Ohio in 2024 were High School or Equivalent (3.04M), Some college (1.92M), and Bachelors Degree (1.69M).

    This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

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    Housing & Living

    The median property value in Ohio was $214,800 in 2024, which is 0.646 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $199,200 to $214,800, a 7.83% increase. The homeownership rate in Ohio is 67.2%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

    People in Ohio have an average commute time of 23.4 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Ohio is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

    In 2025, 12.7% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Ohio. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 2.21%.

    Property

    $214,800
    Median Property Value 2024
    ±$742
    $3.27M
    Median Property Taxes
    ±$13,713

    The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Ohio the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

    The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Ohio compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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    Rent vs Own

    67.2%
    Homeownership
    2024
    62.2%
    Homeowners with Mortgage
    2024

    In 2024, 67.2% of the housing units in Ohio were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 67%.

    This chart shows the percentage of owner in Ohio compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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    Household Income

    Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
    $71,389
    Median Household Income
    ± $321
    4.86M
    Number of Households
    ± 17,362

    In 2024, the median household income of the 4.86M households in Ohio grew to $71,389 from the previous year's value of $69,680.

    The following chart displays the households in Ohio distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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    Wage Distribution

    0.451
    2024 Wage GINI in Ohio
    0.453
    2023 Wage GINI in Ohio

    In 2024, the income inequality in Ohio was 0.451 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.564% decline from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Ohio was lower than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Ohio in comparison to the national average.

    This chart shows the number of workers in Ohio across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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    Commuter Transportation

    Most Common Commute in 2024
    1. Drove Alone (75.1%)
    2. Worked At Home (13%)
    3. Carpooled (7.54%)

    In 2024, 75.1% of workers in Ohio drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (13%) and those who carpooled to work (7.54%).

    The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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    Commute Time

    23.4 minutes
    Average Travel Time

    Using averages, employees in Ohio have a shorter commute time (23.4 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1.82% of the workforce in Ohio have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

    The chart below shows how the median household income in Ohio compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Car Ownership

    2 cars
    Average Number

    The following chart displays the households in Ohio distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Ohio have 2 cars.

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    Severe Housing Problems

    In 2025, 12.7% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Ohio. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 2.21%.

    The map show the severe housing problems rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

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    Poverty & Diversity

    13.3% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Ohio (1.53M out of 11.5M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 35 - 44.

    The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Ohio is White, followed by Black and Two Or More.

    The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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    Children in Poverty

    In 2025, 17.5% of the children was living in poverty in Ohio. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 6.1%.

    The map show the children in poverty rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of children in poverty.

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    Crimes & Accidents

    Indicator

    In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 293 in Ohio. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 25.4% per 100,000 population.

    The following map shows the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

    The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Ohio.

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