Birmingham, AL

Census Place

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2021 Population
202,234
4.12% 1-year decline
US Senator
Tommy Tuberville
Republican Party
US Senator
Katie Britt
Republican Party
2021 Median Age
36.2
0% 1-year change
2021 Poverty Rate
25.5%
3.32% 1-year increase
2021 Median Household Income
$39,403
1.47% 1-year growth
2021 Median Property Value
$102,900
5.54% 1-year growth
2021 Employed Population
89,902
4.86% 1-year decline

About

In 2021, Birmingham, AL had a population of 202k people with a median age of 36.2 and a median household income of $39,403. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Birmingham, AL declined from 210,928 to 202,234, a −4.12% decrease and its median household income grew from $38,832 to $39,403, a 1.47% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham, AL are Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (68.6%), White (Non-Hispanic) (23.2%), White (Hispanic) (1.99%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (1.85%), and Other (Hispanic) (1.56%).

None of the households in Birmingham, AL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

97% of the residents in Birmingham, AL are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Birmingham, AL are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,323 degrees awarded in 2021), Jefferson State Community College (1,526 degrees), and Lawson State Community College (622 degrees).

In 2021, the median property value in Birmingham, AL was $102,900, and the homeownership rate was 45.8%.

Most people in Birmingham, AL drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.7 minutes. The average car ownership in Birmingham, AL was 2 cars per household.

geosearchPopulation & Diversity

Birmingham, AL is home to a population of 202k people, from which 97% are citizens. As of 2021, 4.08% of Birmingham, AL residents were born outside of the country (8.26k people).

In 2021, there were 2.96 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (139k people) in Birmingham, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 46.8k White (Non-Hispanic) and 4.02k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Citizenship

97%
2021 Citizenship
96.9%
2020 Citizenship

As of 2021, 97% of Birmingham, AL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2020, the percentage of US citizens in Birmingham, AL was 96.9%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Birmingham, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham, AL
  1. Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
    139k ± 2.15k
  2. White (Non-Hispanic)
    46.8k ± 1.97k
  3. White (Hispanic)
    4.02k ± 779
4.37%
Hispanic Population
8.83k people

In 2021, there were 2.96 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (139k people) in Birmingham, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 46.8k White (Non-Hispanic) and 4.02k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

4.37% of the people in Birmingham, AL are hispanic (8.83k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Birmingham, AL as a share of the total population.

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Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Alabama.
Most Common Origin
  1. Mexico
    47,376 ± 5,318 people
  2. Guatemala
    14,765 ± 2,979 people
  3. Korea
    9,877 ± 2,438 people

In 2021, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Alabama was Mexico, the natal country of 47,376 Alabama residents, followed by Guatemala with 14,765 and Korea with 9,877.

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Foreign-Born Population

4.08%
2021 Foreign-Born Population
8.26k people
4.04%
2020 Foreign-Born Population
8.52k people

As of 2021, 4.08% of Birmingham, AL residents (8.26k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2020, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Birmingham, AL was 4.04%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Birmingham, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Veterans

Most Common Service Period
  1. Vietnam
    4,118 ± 419
  2. Gulf War (1990s)
    1,746 ± 330
  3. Gulf War (2001-)
    1,668 ± 416

Birmingham, AL has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.36 times greater than any other conflict.

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briefcaseEconomy

The economy of Birmingham, AL employs 89.9k people. The largest industries in Birmingham, AL are Health Care & Social Assistance (15,741 people), Retail Trade (10,936 people), and Educational Services (8,670 people), and the highest paying industries are Management of Companies & Enterprises ($83,295), Utilities ($67,235), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($59,620).

Males in Alabama have an average income that is 1.43 times higher than the average income of females, which is $46,361. The income inequality in Alabama (measured using the Gini index) is 0.458, which is lower than than the national average.

Occupations

89.9k
2021 Value
± 2,755
−4.86%
1 Year decline
± 4.47%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Birmingham, AL declined at a rate of −4.86%, from 94.5k employees to 89.9k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Birmingham, AL, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (10,505 people), Sales & Related Occupations (9,510 people), and Management Occupations (7,003 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Birmingham, AL.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

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This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Alabama (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industries

89.9k
2021 Value
± 2,755
−4.86%
1 Year decline
± 4.47%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Birmingham, AL declined at a rate of −4.86%, from 94.5k employees to 89.9k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Birmingham, AL, are Health Care & Social Assistance (15,741 people), Retail Trade (10,936 people), and Educational Services (8,670 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Birmingham, AL, though some of these residents may live in Birmingham, AL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Median Earnings by Industry

$34,294
Median earning men ± $1,099
$29,296
Median earning women ± $1,550

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2021 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($75,265), Public Administration ($52,130), and Information ($44,640).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2021 are Information ($47,820), Public Administration ($43,048), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($42,750).

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.
Y-Axis
2.75%
Year-over-year growth
Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 155M people employed in Alabama. This represents a 2.75% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Alabama.

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Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Alabama to other states, or from other states to Alabama.
Top Domestic Production in Dollars
  1. $48.2B
  2. $20.5B
  3. $19.8B

In 2020, the top outbound Alabama product (by dollars) was Motorized vehicles with $48.2B, followed by Pharmaceuticals ($20.5B) and Mixed freight ($19.8B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Alabama products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Alabama.
$267B
2020 Value in Alabama
$540B
Projected 2050 Value in Alabama
102% growth

In 2020, total outbound Alabama trade was $267B. This is expected to increase 102% to $540B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Alabama trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Alabama to other states, or from other states to Alabama.
Most Common Trade Partners
  1. $30.3B
  2. $20.6B
  3. $13B

In 2020, the top outbound Alabama domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Georgia with $30.3B, followed by Florida with $20.6B and Tennessee and $13B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Alabama shares with each state (excluding itself).

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flagCivics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Alabama went to Donald J. Trump with 62% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (36.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.08%).

Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing the state of Alabama. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

US Senators from Alabama

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.
Tommy Tuberville
Senator from Alabama2
Assumed office on January 3, 2021
Katie Britt
Senator from Alabama3
Assumed office on January 3, 2023

Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing Alabama.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Alabama over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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US Representatives from Alabama

Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Alabama have changed over time starting in 2008.

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learningEducation

In 2021, universities in Birmingham, AL awarded 9,183 degrees. The student population of Birmingham, AL in 2021 is skewed towards women, with 13,157 male students and 23,687 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Birmingham, AL are White (5,216 and 59.4%), followed by Black or African American (2,347 and 26.7%), Asian (445 and 5.07%), and Hispanic or Latino (348 and 3.96%).

The largest universities in Birmingham, AL by number of degrees awarded are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,323 and 68.9%), Jefferson State Community College (1,526 and 16.6%), and Lawson State Community College (622 and 6.77%).

The most popular majors in Birmingham, AL are Registered Nursing (1,309 and 14.3%), General Studies (496 and 5.4%), and General Business Administration & Management (442 and 4.81%).

The median tuition costs in Birmingham, AL are $18,850 for private four year colleges, and $8,568 and $20,400 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University
Measure

In 2021 in Birmingham, AL, the percentage of applicants admitted was 84.7%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 21.9%. The number of students enrolled in 2021 was 36,844 (35.7% men and 64.3% women).

The line chart  shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

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Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2021 there were 36,844 students enrolled in Birmingham, AL, 35.7% men and 64.3% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 19,371 records, of which 62.3% were women and 37.7% men.

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Concentrations

Most Common
  1. 168 degree-majors awarded
  2. 367 degree-majors awarded
  3. 234 degree-majors awarded

In 2021, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Birmingham, AL was General Biological Sciences with 168 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Birmingham, AL according to their major.

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Universities

Gender
Race
Largest Universities by degrees awarded
  1. 6,323 degrees awarded
  2. 1,526 degrees awarded
  3. 622 degrees awarded

In 2021, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Alabama at Birmingham with 6,323 degrees awarded.

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Student Diversity

University

In 2021, 3,292 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Birmingham, AL, which is 0.559 times less than the 5,891 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2021 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 5,216 degrees mean that there were 2.22 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 2,347 degrees awarded.

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Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($18,850) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2021.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,250) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2021.

Public, 2-year ($1,957) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.
Measure

In 2021, 0.898% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.82% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

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Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.
Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2021 were High School or Equivalent (1.21M), Some college (906k), and Secondary Education (641k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

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homeHousing & Living

The median property value in Birmingham, AL was $102,900 in 2021, which is 0.42 times smaller than the national average of $244,900. Between 2020 and 2021 the median property value increased from $97,500 to $102,900, a 5.54% increase. The homeownership rate in Birmingham, AL is 45.8%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.6%.

People in Birmingham, AL have an average commute time of 21.7 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Birmingham, AL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Birmingham, AL is $39,403. In 2021, the place with the highest median household income in Birmingham, AL was Census Tract 129.11 with a value of $156,163, followed by Census Tract 127.03 and Census Tract 108.01, with respective values of $151,827 and $117,153.

Property

$102,900
Median Property Value 2021
±$6,658
$39,191
Median Property Taxes
±$1,727

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Birmingham, AL the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Birmingham, AL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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Rent vs Own

45.8%
Homeownership
2021
64.8%
Homeowners with Mortgage
2021

In 2021, 45.8% of the housing units in Birmingham, AL were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 45.9%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Birmingham, AL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.
Race/Ethnicity
Highest Median Household Income (Total)
  1. Census Tract 129.11
  2. Census Tract 127.03
  3. Census Tract 108.01

In 2021, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Birmingham, AL was Census Tract 129.11 with a value of $156,163, followed by Census Tract 127.03 and Census Tract 108.01, with respective values of $151,827 and $117,153.

The following map shows all of the places in Birmingham, AL colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
$39,403
Median Household Income
± $1,678
85.5k
Number of Households
± 2,439

In 2021, the median household income of the 85.5k households in Birmingham, AL grew to $39,403 from the previous year's value of $38,832.

The following chart displays the households in Birmingham, AL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

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Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Birmingham, AL is from Alabama.
0.458
2021 Wage GINI in Alabama
0.458
2020 Wage GINI in Alabama

In 2021, the income inequality in Alabama was 0.458 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0218% growth from 2020 to 2021, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Alabama was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Alabama in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Alabama across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2021
  1. Drove Alone (76.9%)
  2. Carpooled (9.86%)
  3. Worked At Home (6.45%)

In 2021, 76.9% of workers in Birmingham, AL drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (9.86%) and those who worked at home (6.45%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Commute Time

21.7 minutes
Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Birmingham, AL have a shorter commute time (21.7 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.8 minutes). Additionally, 1.32% of the workforce in Birmingham, AL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Birmingham, AL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Car Ownership

2 cars
Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Birmingham, AL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Birmingham, AL have 2 cars.

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Poverty & Diversity

25.5% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Birmingham, AL (49.8k out of 195k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.6%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Birmingham, AL is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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pulseHealth

87.1% of the population of Birmingham, AL has health coverage, with 36.5% on employee plans, 25.4% on Medicaid, 11.3% on Medicare, 11.8% on non-group plans, and 2.1% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Jefferson County, AL see 891 patients per year on average, which represents a 3.15% decrease from the previous year (920 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1103 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 475 patients per year.

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the country level. Showing data for Jefferson County, AL.
891 to 1
Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Jefferson County, AL

Primary care physicians in Jefferson County, AL see an average of 891 patients per year. This represents a 3.15% decrease from the previous year (920 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Jefferson County, AL in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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Health Care Diversity

In 2021, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 21.1% under 18 years, 27.6% between 18 and 34 years, 35.9% between 35 and 64 years, and 15.4% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 45.3% were men and 54.7% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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Uninsured People

12.9%
Uninsured
36.5%
Employer Coverage
25.4%
Medicaid
11.3%
Medicare
11.8%
Non-Group
2.1%
Military or VA

Between 2020 and 2021, the percent of uninsured citizens in Birmingham, AL grew by 2.2% from 12.6% to 12.9%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Birmingham, AL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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