Birmingham-Hoover, AL

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

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    2024 Population
    1.18M
    US Senator
    Tommy Tuberville
    Republican Party
    US Senator
    Katie Britt
    Republican Party
    2024 Median Age
    38.9
    0.256% 1-year decrease
    2024 Poverty Rate
    13.8%
    2.15% 1-year decrease
    2024 Median Household Income
    $71,498
    2.69% 1-year growth
    2024 Median Property Value
    $240,200
    6.19% 1-year growth
    2024 Employed Population
    551,845
    0.963% 1-year growth

    About

    None of the households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

    97.2% of the residents in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are U.S. citizens.

    The largest universities in Birmingham, AL are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,766 degrees awarded in 2024), University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,766 degrees), and Samford University (1,715 degrees).

    In 2024, the median property value in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was $240,200, and the homeownership rate was 70.8%.

    Most people in Birmingham-Hoover, AL drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 27 minutes. The average car ownership in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was 2 cars per household.

    Photo by Nicolas Henderson
    United StatesAlabama

    Population & Diversity

    Birmingham-Hoover, AL is home to a population of 1.18M people, from which 97.2% are citizens. As of 2024, 4.49% of Birmingham-Hoover, AL residents were born outside of the country (53.1k people).

    In 2024, there were 2.16 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (722k people) in Birmingham-Hoover, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 335k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 25.7k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    Population & Diversity

    Citizenship

    97.2%
    2024 Citizenship
    97.4%
    2023 Citizenship

    As of 2024, 97.2% of Birmingham-Hoover, AL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was 97.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

    The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Diversity

    Race and Ethnicity

    The 3 largest ethnic groups in Birmingham-Hoover, AL
    1. White (Non-Hispanic)
      722k ± 1.02k
    2. Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
      335k ± 2.2k
    3. Other (Hispanic)
      25.7k ± 2.13k
    5.98%
    Hispanic Population
    70.8k people

    In 2024, there were 2.16 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (722k people) in Birmingham-Hoover, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 335k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 25.7k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

    5.98% of the people in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are hispanic (70.8k people).

    The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Birmingham-Hoover, AL as a share of the total population.

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    Global Diversity

    The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Alabama.
    Most Common Origin
    1. Mexico
      53,867 ± 5,668 people
    2. Guatemala
      18,373 ± 3,322 people
    3. Korea
      11,536 ± 2,634 people

    In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Alabama was Mexico, the natal country of 53,867 Alabama residents, followed by Guatemala with 18,373 and Korea with 11,536.

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    Foreign-Born Population

    4.49%
    2024 Foreign-Born Population
    53.1k people
    4.25%
    2023 Foreign-Born Population
    50.2k people

    As of 2024, 4.49% of Birmingham-Hoover, AL residents (53.1k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was 4.25%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

    The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Military

    Veterans

    Most Common Service Period
    1. Vietnam
      16,338 ± 795
    2. Gulf War (2001-)
      12,896 ± 1,106
    3. Gulf War (1990s)
      9,611 ± 780

    Birmingham-Hoover, AL has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.27 times greater than any other conflict.

    The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Birmingham-Hoover, AL.

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    Health

    91.3% of the population of Birmingham-Hoover, AL has health coverage, with 48.8% on employee plans, 15.3% on Medicaid, 13.1% on Medicare, 12.7% on non-group plans, and 1.4% on military or VA plans.

    Primary care physicians in Alabama see 1,571 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,571 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2016 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 684 patients per year.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48% were men and 52% were women.

    Coverage

    Patient to Clinician Ratios

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.
    1,571 to 1
    Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Alabama

    Primary care physicians in Alabama see an average of 1,571 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,571 patients).

    The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Alabama in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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    Health Care Diversity

    In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.4% under 18 years, 20.7% between 18 and 34 years, 37.9% between 35 and 64 years, and 16.9% over 64 years.

    By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48% were men and 52% were women.

    The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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    Uninsured People

    8.74%
    Uninsured
    48.8%
    Employer Coverage
    15.3%
    Medicaid
    13.1%
    Medicare
    12.7%
    Non-Group
    1.4%
    Military or VA

    Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Birmingham-Hoover, AL declined by 0.251% from 8.76% to 8.74%.

    The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Birmingham-Hoover, AL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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    Economy

    The economy of Birmingham-Hoover, AL employs 552k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Birmingham-Hoover, AL were Health Care & Social Assistance (83,414 people), Retail Trade (62,236 people), and Manufacturing (53,541 people), and the highest paying industries were Utilities ($96,921), Management of Companies & Enterprises ($88,450), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($73,806).

    Employment

    Occupations

    552k
    2024 Value
    ± 6,643
    0.963%
    1 Year growth
    ± 1.68%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew at a rate of 0.963%, from 547k employees to 552k employees.

    The most common job groups, by number of people living in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (60,871 people), Management Occupations (59,582 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (54,637 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Birmingham-Hoover, AL.

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    Unemployment Insurance Claims

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

    This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Alabama (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

    The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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    Industries

    Employment by Industries

    552k
    2024 Value
    ± 6,643
    0.963%
    1 Year growth
    ± 1.68%

    From 2023 to 2024, employment in Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew at a rate of 0.963%, from 547k employees to 552k employees.

    The most common employment sectors for those who live in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, are Health Care & Social Assistance (83,414 people), Retail Trade (62,236 people), and Manufacturing (53,541 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Birmingham-Hoover, AL, though some of these residents may live in Birmingham-Hoover, AL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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    Median Earnings by Industry

    $56,120
    Median earning men ± $988
    $40,347
    Median earning women ± $783

    The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($93,604), Information ($73,949), and Public Administration ($70,843).

    The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($55,338), Public Administration ($55,000), and Information ($52,671).

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    Employment by Industry Sector

    Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.
    Y-Axis
    2.1%
    Year-over-year growth
    Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

    As of February 2023, there are 2.13M people employed in Alabama. This represents a 2.1% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

    Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 11.2%.

    The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Alabama.

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    Establishments by Size

    The industries with the most establishments
    1. 1,994
      Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
    2. 1,790
      Other Services (except Public Administration)
    3. 1,772
      Retail Trade

    The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

    The visualization shows the number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

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    Payroll by Industry Sector

    The industries with the highest total annual payroll
    1. $5.03M
      Health Care and Social Assistance
    2. $3.59M
      Finance and Insurance
    3. $2.49M
      Manufacturing

    The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

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    Civics

    In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Alabama went to Donald J. Trump with 64.6% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (34.1%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.533%).

    Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing the state of Alabama. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

    Presidential Elections

    Voting results are not available for Birmingham-Hoover, AL. Showing the available data for Alabama.
    2024 Election Results
    1. Donald J. Trump (64.6%)
      Republican Party
    2. Kamala Harris (34.1%)
      Democratic Party
    3. Robert Kennedy (0.533%)
      Independent Party

    In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Alabama went to Donald J. Trump with 64.6% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (34.1%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.533%).

    The following chart shows the popular vote results in Alabama for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

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    Senator Elections

    US Senators from Alabama

    Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.
    Tommy Tuberville
    Senator from Alabama2
    Assumed office on January 3, 2021
    Katie Britt
    Senator from Alabama3
    Assumed office on January 3, 2023

    Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing Alabama.

    In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

    The following chart shows elected senators in Alabama over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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    Education

    In 2024, universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL awarded 13,225 degrees. The student population of Birmingham-Hoover, AL in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 18,772 male students and 32,267 female students.

    Most students graduating from Universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL are White (7,368 and 59.2%), Black or African American (3,008 and 24.2%), Hispanic or Latino (664 and 5.34%), and Asian (562 and 4.52%).

    The largest universities in Birmingham-Hoover, AL by number of degrees awarded are University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,766 and 51.2%), University of Alabama at Birmingham (6,766 and 51.2%), and Samford University (1,715 and 13%).

    The most popular majors in Birmingham, AL are Registered Nursing (1,401 and 10.6%), General Studies (694 and 5.25%), and General Business Administration & Management (597 and 4.51%).

    The median tuition costs are $12,360 for private four year colleges, and $10,569 and $23,811 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

    Admissions & Enrollments

    Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

    University
    Measure

    In 2024 in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, the percentage of applicants admitted was 77.3%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 21.5%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 51,039 (36.8% men and 63.2% women).

    The line chart  shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

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    Enrollments by Gender and Races

    Universities

    In 2024 there were 51,039 students enrolled in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, 36.8% men and 63.2% women.

    By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 26,706 records, of which 61.8% were women and 38.2% men.

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    Completions

    Concentrations

    Most Common
    1. Registered Nursing
      496 degrees awarded
    2. General Psychology
      310 degrees awarded
    3. General Biological Sciences
      177 degrees awarded

    In 2024, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Birmingham, AL was Registered Nursing with 496 degrees awarded.

    This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Birmingham, AL according to their major.

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    Universities

    Gender
    Race
    Largest Universities by degrees awarded
    1. University of Alabama at Birmingham
      6,766 degrees awarded
    2. University of Alabama at Birmingham
      6,766 degrees awarded
    3. Samford University
      1,715 degrees awarded

    In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Alabama at Birmingham with 6,766 degrees awarded.

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    Student Diversity

    University

    In 2024, 4,891 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Birmingham-Hoover, AL, which is 0.587 times less than the 8,334 female students who received degrees in the same year.

    In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 7,368 degrees mean that there were 2.45 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 3,008 degrees awarded.

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    Awarded Degrees over Time

    The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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    Tuition

    Average Net Price by Sector

    Universities

    Private for-profit, 2-year ($15,138) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

    Public, 2-year ($1,170) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

    Public, 2-year ($1,466) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

    The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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    Housing & Living

    The median property value in Birmingham-Hoover, AL was $240,200 in 2024, which is 0.722 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $226,200 to $240,200, a 6.19% increase. The homeownership rate in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is 70.8%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

    People in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have an average commute time of 27 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

    Housing

    Property

    $240,200
    Median Property Value 2024
    ±$2,820
    $329,222
    Median Property Taxes
    ±$4,660

    The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Birmingham-Hoover, AL the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

    The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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    Rent vs Own

    70.8%
    Homeownership
    2024
    68%
    Homeowners with Mortgage
    2024

    In 2024, 70.8% of the housing units in Birmingham-Hoover, AL were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 70.6%.

    This chart shows the percentage of owner in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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    Equity

    Household Income

    Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
    $71,498
    Median Household Income
    ± $989
    465k
    Number of Households
    ± 5,914

    In 2024, the median household income of the 465k households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL grew to $71,498 from the previous year's value of $69,627.

    The following chart displays the households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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    Wage Distribution

    The closest comparable wage GINI for Birmingham-Hoover, AL is from Alabama.
    0.454
    2024 Wage GINI in Alabama
    0.456
    2023 Wage GINI in Alabama

    In 2024, the income inequality in Alabama was 0.454 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.411% decline from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Alabama was lower than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Alabama in comparison to the national average.

    This chart shows the number of workers in Alabama across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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    Transportation

    Commuter Transportation

    Most Common Commute in 2024
    1. Drove Alone (77.9%)
    2. Worked At Home (11.5%)
    3. Carpooled (7.92%)

    In 2024, 77.9% of workers in Birmingham-Hoover, AL drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (11.5%) and those who carpooled to work (7.92%).

    The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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    Commute Time

    27 minutes
    Average Travel Time

    Using averages, employees in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have a longer commute time (27 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1.92% of the workforce in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

    The chart below shows how the median household income in Birmingham-Hoover, AL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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    Car Ownership

    2 cars
    Average Number

    The following chart displays the households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Birmingham-Hoover, AL have 2 cars.

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    Poverty

    Poverty & Diversity

    13.8% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Birmingham-Hoover, AL (159k out of 1.16M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 18 - 24.

    The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Birmingham-Hoover, AL is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

    The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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