New Jersey

State

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2019 Population

8.88M

0.296% 1-year decline

US Senator

Bob Menendez

Democratic Party

US Senator

Cory Booker

Democratic Party

2019 Median Age

40.2

0.5% 1-year increase

2019 Poverty Rate

9.98%

3.86% 1-year decrease

2019 Median Household Income

$85,751

4.91% 1-year growth

2019 Median Property Value

$348,800

1.4% 1-year growth

2019 Employed Population

4.33M

0.0728% 1-year growth

About

In 2019, New Jersey had a population of 8.88M people with a median age of 40.2 and a median household income of $85,751. Between 2018 and 2019 the population of New Jersey declined from 8.91M to 8.88M, a −0.296% decrease and its median household income grew from $81,740 to $85,751, a 4.91% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in New Jersey are White (Non-Hispanic) (54.3%), White (Hispanic) (12.8%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (12.7%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (9.56%), and Other (Hispanic) (5.9%). 32.2% of the households in New Jersey speak a non-English language at home as their primary language.

90.3% of the residents in New Jersey are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in New Jersey are Rutgers University-New Brunswick (13,483 degrees awarded in 2020), Montclair State University (5,288 degrees), and Rowan University (5,221 degrees).

In 2019, the median property value in New Jersey was $348,800, and the homeownership rate was 63.3%. Most people in New Jersey drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 31.5 minutes. The average car ownership in New Jersey was 2 cars per household.

New Jersey borders Delaware, New York, and Pennsylvania.

About the photo: State Capitol Rotunda, Trenton, NJ

Photo by Peter Miller

United States

Diversity

New Jersey is home to a population of 8.88M people, from which 90.3% are citizens. As of 2019, 22.4% of New Jersey residents were born outside of the country (1.99M people).

In 2019, there were 4.23 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (4.82M people) in New Jersey than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.14M White (Hispanic) and 1.12M Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common foreign languages spoken in New Jersey are Spanish (1,415,160 speakers), Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (120,979 speakers), and Portuguese (87,135 speakers).

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in New Jersey

White (Non-Hispanic)
4.82M ± 4.87k
White (Hispanic)
1.14M ± 22k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
1.12M ± 8.66k

20.9%

Hispanic Population

1.86M people

20.9% of the people in New Jersey are hispanic (1.86M people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in New Jersey as a share of the total population.

Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

Spanish
1,415,160 speakers (16.9%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
120,979 speakers (1.45%)
Portuguese
87,135 speakers (1.04%)

32.2% of New Jersey citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is higher than the national average of 22%.

In 2019, the most common non-English language spoken in New Jersey was Spanish. 16.9% of the overall population of New Jersey are native Spanish speakers. 1.45% speak Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) and 1.04% speak Portuguese, the next two most common languages.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

22.4%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

1.99M people

22.1%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

1.97M people

As of 2019, 22.4% of New Jersey residents (1.99M people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.7%. In 2018, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in New Jersey was 22.1%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in New Jersey compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.2

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 0.3

In 2019, the median age of all people in New Jersey was 40.2. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 36, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 46. But people in New Jersey are getting getting older. In 2018, the average age of all New Jersey residents was 40.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

India
267,137 ± 12,497 people
Dominican Republic
196,191 ± 10,754 people
Mexico
108,194 ± 8,026 people

In 2019, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of New Jersey was India, the natal country of 267,137 New Jersey residents, followed by Dominican Republic with 196,191 and Mexico with 108,194.

Citizenship

90.3%

2019 Citizenship

90.6%

2018 Citizenship

As of 2019, 90.3% of New Jersey residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2018, the percentage of US citizens in New Jersey was 90.6%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in New Jersey compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
108,501 ± 5,707
Gulf War (2001-)
45,223 ± 3,625
Gulf War (1990s)
30,460 ± 3,058

New Jersey has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.4 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in New Jersey, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in New Jersey (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in New Jersey. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in New Jersey.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of New Jersey across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in New Jersey is $85,751. In 2019, the county with the highest Median Household Income in New Jersey was Morris County, NJ with a value of $116,283, followed by Hunterdon County, NJ and Somerset County, NJ, with respective values of $116,155 and $111,587.

Males in New Jersey have an average income that is 1.38 times higher than the average income of females, which is $67,114. The income inequality in New Jersey (measured using the Gini index) is 0.493, which is higher than than the national average.

The economy of New Jersey employs 4.33M people. The largest industries in New Jersey are Elementary & secondary schools (322,826 people), Construction (253,417 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (212,042 people), and the highest paying industries are Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($192,235), Other information services, except libraries & archives, & internet publishing & broadcasting & web search portals ($157,877), and Aerospace products & parts manufacturing ($147,372).

Wages

Median Household Income

$85,751

2019 value

± $760

4.91%

1 Year Growth

± 1.16%

Households in New Jersey have a median annual income of $85,751, which is more than the median annual income of $65,712 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $81,740 in 2018, which represents a 4.91% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in New Jersey compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Sex in Common Jobs

$92,951

Average Male Salary in New Jersey

± $1,794

$67,114

Average Female Salary in New Jersey

± $1,255

In 2019, full-time male employees in New Jersey made 1.38 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the sex-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in New Jersey by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in New Jersey

Asian
$92,859 ± $3,652
White
$74,222 ± $1,284
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
$70,602 ± $36,181

In 2019 the highest paid race/ethnicity of New Jersey workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.25 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in New Jersey.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in New Jersey by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

0.493

2019 Wage GINI in New Jersey

0.493

2018 Wage GINI in New Jersey

In 2019, the income inequality in New Jersey was 0.493 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0449% growth from 2018 to 2019, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for New Jersey was higher than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in New Jersey in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in New Jersey across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2019, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in New Jersey was Morris County, NJ with a value of $116,283, followed by Hunterdon County, NJ and Somerset County, NJ, with respective values of $116,155 and $111,587.

The following map shows all of the counties in New Jersey colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Sex

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

9.98% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in New Jersey (869k out of 8.71M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.3%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 45 - 54.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
461,028 ± 5,463
Hispanic
315,902 ± 4,492
Black
199,000 ± 3,569

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in New Jersey is White, followed by Hispanic and Black.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

4.33M

2019 Value

0.0728%

1 Year growth

± 0.0728%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in New Jersey grew at a rate of 0.0728%, from 4.33M employees to 4.33M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in New Jersey, are Other managers (142,202 people), Elementary & middle school teachers (98,629 people), and Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (92,754 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of New Jersey.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of New Jersey, by number of employees, are Other managers (142,202 people), Elementary & middle school teachers (98,629 people), and Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (92,754 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other states, New Jersey has an unusually high number of residents working as Judicial law clerks (4.06 times higher than expected), Transportation attendants, except flight attendants (3.56 times), and Crossing guards (3.01 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of New Jersey, by average salary, are Surgeons ($359,496), Actuaries ($273,444), and Physicians ($264,998).

Industries

Employment by Industries

4.33M

2019 Value

0.0728%

1 Year growth

± 0.0728%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in New Jersey grew at a rate of 0.0728%, from 4.33M employees to 4.33M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in New Jersey, are Elementary & secondary schools (322,826 people), Construction (253,417 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (212,042 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of New Jersey, though some of these residents may live in New Jersey and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in New Jersey, by number of employees, are Elementary & secondary schools (322,826 people), Construction (253,417 people), and Restaurants & Food Services (212,042 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other states, New Jersey has an unusually high number of Pharmaceutical & medicine manufacturing (3.82 times higher than expected), Soap, cleaning compound, & cosmetics manufacturing (2.92 times), and Apparel, piece goods, & notions merchant wholesalers (2.83 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in New Jersey, by average salary, are Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($192,235), Other information services, except libraries & archives, & internet publishing & broadcasting & web search portals ($157,877), and Aerospace products & parts manufacturing ($147,372).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from New Jersey to other states, or from other states to New Jersey.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound New Jersey product (by dollars) was Electronics with $70.5B, followed by Pharmaceuticals ($58.9B) and Motorized vehicles ($50.4B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound New Jersey products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for New Jersey.

$649B

2020 Value in New Jersey

$1.35T

Projected 2050 Value in New Jersey

108% growth

In 2020, total outbound New Jersey trade was $649B. This is expected to increase 108% to $1.35T by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound New Jersey trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from New Jersey to other states, or from other states to New Jersey.

Most Common Trade Partners

New York
$116B
Pennsylvania
$61.4B
California
$24.4B

In 2020, the top outbound New Jersey domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New York with $116B, followed by Pennsylvania with $61.4B and California and $24.4B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that New Jersey shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in New Jersey went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 57.3% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (41.4%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.696%). The most partisan county was Essex County, NJ with 77.3% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

Bob Menendez and Cory Booker are the senators currently representing the state of New Jersey. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

New Jersey is currently represented by 12 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (57.3%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (41.4%)
Republican Party
Jo Jorgensen (0.696%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in New Jersey went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 57.3% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (41.4%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.696%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in New Jersey for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Joseph R Biden Jr.

Popular Vote for New Jersey

57.3% for the Democratic Party

Most Partisan Counties in New Jersey

Essex County, NJ
77.3% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Hudson County, NJ
72.6% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Mercer County, NJ
69.4% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in New Jersey was Essex County, NJ with 77.3% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in New Jersey colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from New Jersey

Bob Menendez

Senator from New Jersey

Assumed office on January 17, 2006
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Jon Corzine, who was elected Governor of New Jersey.

Cory Booker

Senator from New Jersey

Assumed office on October 31, 2013
Elected to the seat to succeed Jeffrey Chiesa, who had been appointed to the seat following the death of Frank Lautenberg.

Bob Menendez and Cory Booker are the senators currently representing New Jersey.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in New Jersey over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from New Jersey

New Jersey is currently represented by 12 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for New Jersey have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in New Jersey awarded 101,878 degrees. The student population of New Jersey is skewed towards women, with 181,858 male students and 229,206 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in New Jersey are White (46,423 and 48.7%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (19,179 and 20.1%), Black or African American (12,453 and 13.1%), and Asian (9,316 and 9.78%).

The largest universities in New Jersey by number of degrees awarded are Rutgers University-New Brunswick (13,483 and 13.2%), Montclair State University (5,288 and 5.19%), and Rowan University (5,221 and 5.12%).

The most popular majors in New Jersey are Liberal Arts & Sciences (8,943 and 8.78%), General Business Administration & Management (7,617 and 7.48%), and Registered Nursing (4,857 and 4.77%).

The median tuition costs in New Jersey are $12,750 for private four year colleges, and $12,230 and $22,204 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

General Biological Sciences
2,410 degree-majorss awarded
General Business Administration & Management
3,823 degree-majorss awarded
General Psychology
3,453 degree-majorss awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in New Jersey was General Biological Sciences with 2,410 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in New Jersey according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Rutgers University-New Brunswick
13,483 degrees awarded
Montclair State University
5,288 degrees awarded
Rowan University
5,221 degrees awarded

$12,230

Median In-State Public

$12,750

Median Private

In 2020, the New Jersey institution with the largest number of graduating students was Rutgers University-New Brunswick with 13,483 degrees awarded.

Student Sex for Common Institutions

43,925

Degrees Awarded to Men

57,953

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2020, 43,925 men were awarded degrees from institutions in New Jersey, which is 0.758 times less than the 57,953 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the sex disparity between the institutions in New Jersey by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
46,423 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
19,179 degrees awarded
Black or African American
12,453 degrees awarded

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in New Jersey was White students. These 46,423 degrees mean that there were 2.42 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 19,179 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in New Jersey was $348,800 in 2019, which is 1.45 times larger than the national average of $240,500. Between 2018 and 2019 the median property value increased from $344,000 to $348,800, a 1.4% increase. The homeownership rate in New Jersey is 63.3%, which is lower than the national average of 64.1%. People in New Jersey have an average commute time of 31.5 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in New Jersey is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$348,800

2019 Median

± $1,764

$344,000

2018 Median

± $2,091

In 2019, the median property value in New Jersey grew to to $348,800 from the previous year's value of $344,000.

The following charts display, first, the property values in New Jersey compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In New Jersey the largest share of households have a property value in the $300k - $400k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$85,751

Median Household Income

± $760

3.29M

Number of Households

± 30,543

In 2019, the median household income of the 3.29M households in New Jersey grew to $85,751 from the previous year's value of $81,740.

The following chart displays the households in New Jersey distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in New Jersey distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In New Jersey the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

63.3%

2019 Homeownership

64%

2018 Homeownership

In 2019, 63.3% of the housing units in New Jersey were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 64%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 64.1%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in New Jersey compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

31.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in New Jersey have a longer commute time (31.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (26 minutes). Additionally, 5.81% of the workforce in New Jersey have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in New Jersey compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2019

Drove Alone (71%)
Public Transit (11.6%)
Carpooled (7.89%)

In 2019, 71% of workers in New Jersey drove alone to work, followed by those who used public transit to get to work (11.6%) and those who carpooled to work (7.89%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in New Jersey distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in New Jersey have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

92.1% of the population of New Jersey has health coverage, with 54.5% on employee plans, 14.4% on Medicaid, 12.9% on Medicare, 9.69% on non-group plans, and 0.638% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in New Jersey was $8,859 in 2014. This is a 4.91% increase from the previous year ($8,444).

Primary care physicians in New Jersey see 1179 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.841% decrease from the previous year (1189 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1135 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 415 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Salem County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (15.6%). Additionally, Salem County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (39%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,179 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in New Jersey

Primary care physicians in New Jersey see an average of 1,179 patients per year. This represents a 0.841% decrease from the previous year (1,189 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in New Jersey in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

$8,859

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in New Jersey

$5,081

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$8,049

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$12,614

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in New Jersey (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.91%, from $8,444 to $8,859.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

7.89%

Uninsured

54.5%

Employer Coverage

14.4%

Medicaid

12.9%

Medicare

9.69%

Non-Group

0.638%

Military or VA

Between 2018 and 2019, the percent of uninsured citizens in New Jersey grew by 6.04% from 7.44% to 7.89%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in New Jersey changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.