Cumberland County, VA

County

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2023 Population

9,745

0.495% 1-year growth

US Senator

Mark Warner

Democratic Party

US Senator

Tim Kaine

Democratic Party

2023 Median Age

45.2

2.38% 1-year decrease

2023 Poverty Rate

7.69%

3.28% 1-year decrease

2023 Median Household Income

$57,057

0.991% 1-year growth

2023 Median Property Value

$220,100

5.51% 1-year growth

2023 Employed Population

4,922

2.9% 1-year decline

About

In the year of 2023, Cumberland County, VA had a population of 9.75k people with a median age of 45.2 and a median household income of $57,057. Between 2022 and 2023 the population of Cumberland County, VA grew from 9,697 to 9,745, a 0.495% increase and its median household income grew from $56,497 to $57,057, a 0.991% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Cumberland County, VA are White (Non-Hispanic) (64%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (28.8%), Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) (5.31%), Two Races Including Other (Hispanic) (0.821%), and Other (Hispanic) (0.718%).

None of the households in Cumberland County, VA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

99.5% of the residents in Cumberland County, VA are U.S. citizens.

In 2023, the median property value in Cumberland County, VA was $220,100, and the homeownership rate was 75.4%.

Most people in Cumberland County, VA drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 40.6 minutes. The average car ownership in Cumberland County, VA was 3 cars per household.

Cumberland County, VA borders Amelia County, VA, Buckingham County, VA, Fluvanna County, VA, Goochland County, VA, Powhatan County, VA, and Prince Edward County, VA.

United States Virginia

Population & Diversity

Cumberland County, VA is home to a population of 9.75k people, from which 99.5% are citizens. As of 2023, 1.4% of Cumberland County, VA residents were born outside of the country (136 people).

In 2023, there were 2.22 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (6.24k people) in Cumberland County, VA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 2.81k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 517 Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

99.5%

2023 Citizenship

99.4%

2022 Citizenship

As of 2023, 99.5% of Cumberland County, VA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2022, the percentage of US citizens in Cumberland County, VA was 99.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Cumberland County, VA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Cumberland County, VA

White (Non-Hispanic)
6.24k ± 19
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
2.81k ± 183
Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
517 ± 193

1.77%

Hispanic Population

172 people

1.77% of the people in Cumberland County, VA are hispanic (172 people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Cumberland County, VA as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Virginia.

Most Common Origin

El Salvador
107,827 ± 8,012 people
India
97,961 ± 7,641 people
Mexico
63,695 ± 6,173 people

In 2023, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Virginia was El Salvador, the natal country of 107,827 Virginia residents, followed by India with 97,961 and Mexico with 63,695.

Foreign-Born Population

1.4%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

136 people

1.01%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

98 people

As of 2023, 1.4% of Cumberland County, VA residents (136 people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 13.8%. In 2022, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Cumberland County, VA was 1.01%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Cumberland County, VA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Gulf War (2001-)
238 ± 136
Vietnam
204 ± 90
Gulf War (1990s)
91 ± 65

Cumberland County, VA has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.17 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Cumberland County, VA employs 4.92k people. In 2023, the largest industries in Cumberland County, VA were Health Care & Social Assistance (769 people), Construction (650 people), and Public Administration (584 people), and the highest paying industries were Information ($167,708), Finance & Insurance ($66,921), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($66,098).

Employment

Occupations

4.92k

2023 Value

± 531

−2.9%

1 Year decline

± 15.7%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Cumberland County, VA declined at a rate of −2.9%, from 5.07k employees to 4.92k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Cumberland County, VA, are Management Occupations (610 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (565 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (455 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Cumberland County, VA.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Virginia (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

4.92k

2023 Value

± 531

−2.9%

1 Year decline

± 15.7%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Cumberland County, VA declined at a rate of −2.9%, from 5.07k employees to 4.92k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Cumberland County, VA, are Health Care & Social Assistance (769 people), Construction (650 people), and Public Administration (584 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Cumberland County, VA, though some of these residents may live in Cumberland County, VA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$36,621

Median earning men ± $6,032

$37,425

Median earning women ± $6,709

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2023 are Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($62,361), Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($60,208), and Public Administration ($55,938).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2023 are Construction ($105,233), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($67,226), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($63,051).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

Y-Axis

2.48%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 4.1M people employed in Virginia. This represents a 2.48% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 10.8%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Virginia.

Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments

25
Construction
12
Retail Trade
11
Retail Trade

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

The visualization shows the number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

Payroll by Industry Sector

The industries with the highest total annual payroll

$6.06k
Retail Trade
$5.18k
Manufacturing
$4.29k
Transportation and Warehousing

The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Virginia went to Kamala Harris with 51.8% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (46.1%), followed by Other (0.905%).

Mark Warner and Tim Kaine are the senators currently representing the state of Virginia. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Virginia is currently represented by 11 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Cumberland County, VA. Showing the available data for Virginia.

2024 Election Results

Kamala Harris (51.8%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (46.1%)
Republican Party
Other (0.905%)
Other Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Virginia went to Kamala Harris with 51.8% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (46.1%), followed by Other (0.905%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Virginia for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Virginia

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

Mark Warner

Senator from Virginia

Assumed office on January 3, 2009

Tim Kaine

Senator from Virginia

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

Mark Warner and Tim Kaine are the senators currently representing Virginia.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Virginia over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Virginia

Virginia is currently represented by 11 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Virginia have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

Completions

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

Measure

In 2023, 0.988% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.986% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2023 were High School or Equivalent (1.72M), Bachelors Degree (1.5M), and Some college (1.37M).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Cumberland County, VA was $220,100 in 2023, which is 0.725 times smaller than the national average of $303,400. Between 2022 and 2023 the median property value increased from $208,600 to $220,100, a 5.51% increase. The homeownership rate in Cumberland County, VA is 75.4%, which is higher than the national average of 65%.

People in Cumberland County, VA have an average commute time of 40.6 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Cumberland County, VA is higher than the national average, with an average of 3 cars per household.

In 2025, 10.7% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Cumberland County, VA. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 9.35%.

Housing

Property

$220,100

Median Property Value 2023

±$12,707

$3,150

Median Property Taxes

±$400

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Cumberland County, VA the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Cumberland County, VA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

75.4%

Homeownership

2023

68%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2023

In 2023, 75.4% of the housing units in Cumberland County, VA were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 77.6%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Cumberland County, VA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Census Tract 9302, Cumberland County, VA

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

The following map shows all of the tracts in Cumberland County, VA colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$57,057

Median Household Income

± $3,876

4.18k

Number of Households

± 461

In 2023, the median household income of the 4.18k households in Cumberland County, VA grew to $57,057 from the previous year's value of $56,497.

The following chart displays the households in Cumberland County, VA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Cumberland County, VA is from Virginia.

0.472

2023 Wage GINI in Virginia

0.475

2022 Wage GINI in Virginia

In 2023, the income inequality in Virginia was 0.472 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.599% decline from 2022 to 2023, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Virginia was lower than than the national average of 0.476. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Virginia in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Virginia across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2023

Drove Alone (82.5%)
Carpooled (8.06%)
Worked At Home (6.83%)

In 2023, 82.5% of workers in Cumberland County, VA drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (8.06%) and those who worked at home (6.83%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

40.6 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Cumberland County, VA have a longer commute time (40.6 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.6 minutes). Additionally, 10.5% of the workforce in Cumberland County, VA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Cumberland County, VA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

3 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Cumberland County, VA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Cumberland County, VA have 3 cars.

Poverty

Severe Housing Problems

In 2025, 10.7% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Cumberland County, VA. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 9.35%.

The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

Poverty & Diversity

7.69% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Cumberland County, VA (748 out of 9.73k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Males 25 - 34, followed by Females 65 - 74 and then Males 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Cumberland County, VA is White, followed by Black and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Children in Poverty

In 2025, 22% of the children was living in poverty in Cumberland County, VA. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 3.8%.

The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the children living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Security

Crimes & Accidents

Indicator

In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 180 in Cumberland County, VA. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator grew 53.8 per 100,000 population.

The graph shows the trend in the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

Health

94.5% of the population of Cumberland County, VA has health coverage, with 43.7% on employee plans, 19.8% on Medicaid, 15% on Medicare, 13.1% on non-group plans, and 2.99% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Cumberland County, VA see 3,227 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (3,227 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 9746 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 1411 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 50.4% were men and 49.6% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

3,227 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Cumberland County, VA

Primary care physicians in Cumberland County, VA see an average of 3,227 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (3,227 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Cumberland County, VA in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2023, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 20.2% under 18 years, 15.9% between 18 and 34 years, 40.6% between 35 and 64 years, and 23.3% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 50.4% were men and 49.6% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

5.47%

Uninsured

43.7%

Employer Coverage

19.8%

Medicaid

15%

Medicare

13.1%

Non-Group

2.99%

Military or VA

Between 2022 and 2023, the percent of uninsured citizens in Cumberland County, VA declined by 36.3% from 8.58% to 5.47%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Cumberland County, VA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Health Indicators

Health Outcomes

Indicator

In 2014, the number of deaths among residents under age 18 per 100,000 population was 108 in Cumberland County, VA.

The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Cumberland County, VA.

Health Behaviors

Indicator

In 2025, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 38.6% in Cumberland County, VA.

The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Cumberland County, VA.