Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2024 Population

110,430

US Senator

Marsha Blackburn

Republican Party

US Senator

Bill Hagerty

Republican Party

2024 Median Age

40.5

0.491% 1-year decrease

2024 Poverty Rate

14.7%

1.29% 1-year increase

2024 Median Household Income

$62,776

2.33% 1-year growth

2024 Median Property Value

$244,700

8.71% 1-year growth

2024 Employed Population

47,351

3.32% 1-year growth

About

4.62% of the households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

98.4% of the residents in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN are Motlow State Community College (1,147 degrees awarded in 2024), The University of the South (490 degrees), and Love Beauty School Inc (32 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was $244,700, and the homeownership rate was 73.3%.

Most people in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 25.3 minutes. The average car ownership in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was 2 cars per household.

Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN borders Madison County (North & East)--Huntsville City (East) PUMA, AL, DeKalb & Jackson Counties PUMA, AL, Macon, Dekalb & Cannon Counties PUMA, TN, Rutherford County (North, East and South) PUMA, TN, Bedford, Lincoln & Marshall Counties--Shelbyville & Lewisburg cities PUMA, TN, and Warren, Marion & Sequatchie Counties--McMinnville city PUMA, TN.

United States Alabama Tennessee

Population & Diversity

Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN is home to a population of 110k people, from which 98.4% are citizens. As of 2024, 2.72% of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN residents were born outside of the country (3.01k people).

In 2024, there were 20.1 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (95.5k people) in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN than any other race or ethnicity. There were 4.76k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 2.64k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN are Spanish (3,248 households), Gujarati (277 households), and Vietnamese (220 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

55,972

Women

50.8%

54,163

Men

49.2%

The resident population of United States in 2024 was 110,135 inhabitants, with 49.2% men, and 50.8% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

98.4%

2024 Citizenship

98.4%

2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 98.4% of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was 98.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN

White (Non-Hispanic)
95.5k ± 243
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
4.76k ± 352
Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
2.64k ± 371

5.06%

Hispanic Population

5.59k people

5.06% of the people in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN are hispanic (5.59k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Mexico
824 ± 702 people
Philippines
215 ± 360 people
Netherlands
203 ± 349 people

In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was Mexico, the natal country of 824 Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN residents, followed by Philippines with 215 and Netherlands with 203.

Foreign-Born Population

2.72%

2024 Foreign-Born Population

3.01k people

2.72%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

2.97k people

As of 2024, 2.72% of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN residents (3.01k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was 2.72%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
3,248 households (3.12%)
Gujarati
277 households (0.266%)
Vietnamese
220 households (0.211%)

4.62% of the households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was Spanish. 3.12% of the households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
2,556 ± 398
Gulf War (2001-)
2,238 ± 409
Gulf War (1990s)
1,775 ± 358

Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.14 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN.

Health

90.8% of the population of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN has health coverage, with 42.7% on employee plans, 16.9% on Medicaid, 14.1% on Medicare, 14.6% on non-group plans, and 2.42% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Alabama see 1,571 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,571 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2016 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 684 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.1% were men and 50.9% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

1,571 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Alabama

Primary care physicians in Alabama see an average of 1,571 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,571 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Alabama in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.6% under 18 years, 20.1% between 18 and 34 years, 37.3% between 35 and 64 years, and 19% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.1% were men and 50.9% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

9.16%

Uninsured

42.7%

Employer Coverage

16.9%

Medicaid

14.1%

Medicare

14.6%

Non-Group

2.42%

Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN declined by 0.385% from 9.19% to 9.16%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Economy

The economy of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN employs 47.4k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN were Restaurants & Food Services (3,350 people), Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment manufacturing (3,206 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,050 people), and the highest paying industries were Air transportation ($161,774), Aircraft & parts manufacturing ($107,189), and Executive offices & legislative bodies ($105,263).

Males in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN have an average income that is 1.32 times higher than the average income of females, which is $49,171. The income inequality in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN (measured using the Gini index) is 0.41, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

22,534

Women

47.6%

24,817

Men

52.4%

The workforce of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN in 2024 was 47,351 people, with 47.6% woman, and 52.4% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

47.4k

2024 Value

3.32%

1 Year growth

± 3.32%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN grew at a rate of 3.32%, from 45.8k employees to 47.4k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN, are Other assemblers and fabricators (1,861 people), Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (1,391 people), and Other managers (1,207 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Alabama (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

47.4k

2024 Value

3.32%

1 Year growth

± 3.32%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN grew at a rate of 3.32%, from 45.8k employees to 47.4k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN, are Restaurants & Food Services (3,350 people), Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment manufacturing (3,206 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,050 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN, though some of these residents may live in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$48,996

Median earning men ± $2,708

$32,387

Median earning women ± $1,654

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($65,699), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($63,780), and Educational Services, & Health Care & Social Assistance ($55,952).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Public Administration ($46,500), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($46,161), and Educational Services, & Health Care & Social Assistance ($39,618).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

Y-Axis

2.1%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 2.13M people employed in Alabama. This represents a 2.1% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 11.2%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Alabama.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Tennessee went to Donald J. Trump with 64.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (34.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.703%).

Marsha Blackburn and Bill Hagerty are the senators currently representing the state of Tennessee. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Tennessee is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN. Showing the available data for Tennessee.

2024 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (64.2%)
Republican Party
Kamala Harris (34.5%)
Democratic Party
Robert Kennedy (0.703%)
Independent Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Tennessee went to Donald J. Trump with 64.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (34.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.703%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Tennessee for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Tennessee

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Tennessee.

Marsha Blackburn

Senator from Tennessee

Assumed office on January 3, 2019

Bill Hagerty

Senator from Tennessee

Assumed office on January 3, 2021

Marsha Blackburn and Bill Hagerty are the senators currently representing Tennessee.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Tennessee over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

Education

In 2024, universities in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN awarded 1,669 degrees. The student population of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 3,045 male students and 4,734 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN are White (1,213 and 74.5%), Hispanic or Latino (192 and 11.8%), Black or African American (116 and 7.13%), and Two or More Races (55 and 3.38%).

The largest universities in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN by number of degrees awarded are Motlow State Community College (1,147 and 68.7%), The University of the South (490 and 29.4%), and Love Beauty School Inc (32 and 1.92%).

The most popular majors in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN are Liberal Arts & Sciences (801 and 48%), Emergency Medical Technician (EMT Paramedic) (144 and 8.63%), and Registered Nursing (60 and 3.59%).

The median tuition cost for private four year colleges is $55,822.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2024 in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN, the percentage of applicants admitted was 56.9%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 17.9%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 7,779 (39.1% men and 60.9% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2024 there were 7,779 students enrolled in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN, 39.1% men and 60.9% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 5,347 records, of which 60.8% were women and 39.2% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Liberal Arts & Sciences
801 degrees awarded
Registered Nursing
60 degrees awarded
Electromechanical Technology
34 degrees awarded

In 2024, the most common concentation for Associates Degree recipients in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was Liberal Arts & Sciences with 801 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Associates Degree from schools in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Motlow State Community College
1,147 degrees awarded
The University of the South
490 degrees awarded
Love Beauty School Inc
32 degrees awarded

In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Motlow State Community College with 1,147 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2024, 665 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN, which is 0.662 times less than the 1,004 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 1,213 degrees mean that there were 6.32 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 192 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($55,822) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

Public, 2-year ($298) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

Public, 2-year ($1,460) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2024, 0.705% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.813% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN in 2024 were High School or Equivalent (34k), Some college (18.5k), and Secondary Education (13.1k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was $244,700 in 2024, which is 0.735 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $225,100 to $244,700, a 8.71% increase. The homeownership rate in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN is 73.3%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN have an average commute time of 25.3 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property

$244,700

Median Property Value 2024

±$6,017

$31,727

Median Property Taxes

±$1,289

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

73.3%

Homeownership

2024

65.2%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2024

In 2024, 73.3% of the housing units in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 73.5%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$62,776

Median Household Income

± $2,525

43.3k

Number of Households

± 1,611

In 2024, the median household income of the 43.3k households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN grew to $62,776 from the previous year's value of $61,345.

The following chart displays the households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.41

2024 Wage GINI in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN

0.408

2023 Wage GINI in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN

In 2024, the income inequality in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was 0.41 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.582% growth from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN was lower than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024

Drove Alone (80%)
Worked At Home (8.81%)
Carpooled (8.44%)

In 2024, 80% of workers in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (8.81%) and those who carpooled to work (8.44%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

25.3 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN have a shorter commute time (25.3 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 2.48% of the workforce in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

14.7% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN (15.8k out of 107k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Coffee, Franklin & Moore Counties--Tullahoma & Manchester cities PUMA, TN is White, followed by Hispanic and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.