Minnesota

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Population

5.61M

0.62% growth

Median Age

38.2


Median Household Income

$70,315

2.82% growth

Poverty Rate

10.5%


Number of Employees

2.84M

0.0742% growth

Median Property Value

$235,400

5.09% growth

About

Economy

Health

Diversity

Education

Housing & Living

About

In 2018, Minnesota had a population of 5.61M people with a median age of 38.2 and a median household income of $70,315. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Minnesota grew from 5.58M to 5.61M, a 0.62% increase and its median household income grew from $68,388 to $70,315, a 2.82% increase.

The population of Minnesota is 79.4% White Alone, 6.46% Black or African American Alone, and 5.49% Hispanic or Latino. 12.2% of the people in Minnesota speak a non-English language, and 95.9% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Minnesota are University of Minnesota-Twin Cities (14,275 degrees awarded in 2017), Walden University (12,372 degrees), and Capella University (9,072 degrees).

The median property value in Minnesota is $235,400, and the homeownership rate is 71.5%. Most people in Minnesota commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 22.3 minutes. The average car ownership in Minnesota is 2 cars per household.

Minnesota borders Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, South Dakota, and North Dakota.

Photo by imagenusphoto

United States

Economy

The economy of Minnesota employs 2.84M people. The largest industries in Minnesota are Elementary & secondary schools (175,445 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (154,706 people), and Construction (152,896 people), and the highest paying industries are Pipeline transportation ($173,315), Commercial, industrial & other intangible assets rental & leasing ($166,956), and Software publishing ($154,184).

Median household income in Minnesota is $70,315. Males in Minnesota have an average income that is 1.3 times higher than the average income of females, which is $56,167. The income inequality in Minnesota (measured using the Gini index) is 0.462, which is lower than than the national average.

Wages

Median Household Income

$70,315

2018 value

± $539

2.82%

1 Year Growth

± 1.2%

Households in Minnesota have a median annual income of $70,315, which is more than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $68,388 in 2017, which represents a 2.82% annual growth.

Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Minnesota compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

$72,786

Average Male Salary

± $1,613

$56,167

Average Female Salary

± $1,265

In 2018, full-time male employees in Minnesota made 1.3 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Minnesota by number of full-time employees.

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Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity

  1. White

    $56,930 ± $990

  2. Asian

    $56,786 ± $4,618

  3. Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander

    $39,533 ± $8,965

In 2018 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Minnesota workers was White. These workers were paid 1 times more than Asian workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Minnesota by number of full-time employees.

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Wage Distribution

0.462

2018 Wage GINI

0.468

2017 Wage GINI

In 2018, the income inequality in Minnesota was 0.462 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.33% decline from 2017 to 2018, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even.

The 2018 the GINI for Minnesota was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Minnesota in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Minnesota across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Income by Location

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Highest Median Household Income (Total)

  1. Scott County, MN

  2. Carver County, MN

  3. Washington County, MN

In 2018, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Minnesota was Scott County, MN with a value of $100,963, followed by Carver County, MN and Washington County, MN, with respective values of $100,324 and $95,124.

The following map shows all of the counties in Minnesota colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 18 - 24

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

10.5% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Minnesota (561k out of 5.37M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Females 25 - 34 and then Males 18 - 24.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

  1. White

    355,424 ± 3,572

  2. Black

    100,433 ± 2,219

  3. Hispanic

    57,875 ± 1,655

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Minnesota is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Occupations

Employment by Occupations

2.84M

2018 Value

0.0742%

1 Year growth

± 0.0742%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Minnesota grew at a rate of 0.0742%, from 2.84M employees to 2.84M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Minnesota, are Elementary & middle school teachers (73,041 people), Registered nurses (72,355 people), and Other managers (66,141 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Minnesota.

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Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Minnesota, by number of employees, are Elementary & middle school teachers (73,041 people), Registered nurses (72,355 people), and Other managers (66,141 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Minnesota has an unusually high number of residents working as Agricultural & food scientists (3.71 times higher than expected), Mental health and substance abuse social workers (3.47 times), and Photographic process workers & processing machine operators (3.43 times).

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Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Minnesota, by average salary, are Surgeons ($327,438), Physicians ($279,301), and Magnetic resonance imaging technologists ($189,882).

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Industries

Employment by Industries

2.84M

2018 Value

0.0742%

1 Year growth

± 0.0742%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Minnesota grew at a rate of 0.0742%, from 2.84M employees to 2.84M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Minnesota, are Elementary & secondary schools (175,445 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (154,706 people), and Construction (152,896 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Minnesota, though some of these residents may live in Minnesota and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Most Common

The most common industries in Minnesota, by number of employees, are Elementary & secondary schools (175,445 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (154,706 people), and Construction (152,896 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other states, Minnesota has an unusually high number of Miscellaneous paper & pulp products (5.37 times higher than expected), Other transportation equipment manufacturing (4.52 times), and Farm product raw material merchant wholesalers (4.06 times) industries.

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Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Minnesota, by average salary, are Pipeline transportation ($173,315), Commercial, industrial & other intangible assets rental & leasing ($166,956), and Software publishing ($154,184).

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Minnesota to other states, or from other states to Minnesota.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

  1. Electronics

    $27.4B

  2. Nonmetal min. prods.

    $22.8B

  3. Cereal grains

    $22.2B

In 2015, the top outbound Minnesota product (by dollars) was Electronics with $27.4B, followed by Nonmetal min. prods. ($22.8B) and Cereal grains ($22.2B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Minnesota products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

$351B

2020 Value

$484B

Projected 2045 Value

37.9% growth

In 2020, total outbound Minnesota trade was $351B. This is expected to increase 37.9% to $484B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Minnesota trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Minnesota to other states, or from other states to Minnesota.

Most Common Trade Partners

  1. Wisconsin

    $29.1B

  2. Iowa

    $26.2B

  3. Illinois

    $14.9B

In 2015, the top outbound Minnesota domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Wisconsin with $29.1B, followed by Iowa with $26.2B and Illinois and $14.9B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Minnesota shares with each state (excluding itself).

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Health

95.6% of the population of Minnesota has health coverage, with 56.4% on employee plans, 15% on Medicaid, 11.6% on Medicare, 11.6% on non-group plans, and 1.09% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in the state of Minnesota was $8,871 in 2014. This is a 4.8% increase from the previous year ($8,465).

Primary care physicians in Minnesota see 1111 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.634% increase from the previous year (1104 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1441 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 468 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Aitkin County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (12.5%). Additionally, Pine County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (37.2%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,111 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio

Primary care physicians in Minnesota see an average of 1,111 patients per year. This represents a 0.634% increase from the previous year (1,104 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Minnesota in comparison to neighboring states.

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Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

  1. West Virginia

    8.26% of the population affected

  2. Arkansas

    8.13% of the population affected

  3. New Hampshire

    7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

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Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

  1. Mississippi

    19.2% of adults

  2. Texas

    17.9% of adults

  3. Louisiana

    17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

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Health Care Spending

$8,871

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care 

$4,603

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,176

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,917

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Minnesota (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.8%, from $8,465 to $8,871.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

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Health Care Coverage

4.39%

Uninsured

56.4%

Employer Coverage

15%

Medicaid

11.6%

Medicare

11.6%

Non-Group

1.09%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Minnesota grew by 6.7% from 4.12% to 4.39%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Minnesota changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Risks

Data available at the county level.

Most at risk counties

  1. Aitkin County

    12.5% prevalence

  2. Meeker County

    11.7% prevalence

  3. Cottonwood County

    11.7% prevalence

Aitkin County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Minnesota, at 12.5%.

The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Minnesota by county over multiple years.

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Diversity

Minnesota is home to a population of 5.61M people, from which 95.9% are citizens. As of 2017, 8.04% of Minnesota residents were born outside of the country (448k people).

The ethnic composition of the population of Minnesota is composed of 4.46M White Alone residents (79.4%), 362k Black or African American Alone residents (6.46%), 308k Hispanic or Latino residents (5.49%), 271k Asian Alone residents (4.83%), 149k Two or More Races residents (2.66%), 55k American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.98%), 8.19k Some Other Race Alone residents (0.146%), and 2.03k Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0361%).

The most common foreign languages spoken in Minnesota are Spanish (211,571 speakers), Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages (93,919 speakers), and Hmong (67,116 speakers).

Age

Age by Nativity

38

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.2

38

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 0.5

In 2018, the median age of all people in Minnesota was 38.2. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 38, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 38. But people in Minnesota are getting getting older. In 2017, the average age of all Minnesota residents was 38.

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Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

8.04%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

448k people

7.73%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

427k people

As of 2017, 8.04% of Minnesota residents (448k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Minnesota was 7.73%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Minnesota compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

  1. Mexico

    58,148 ± 5,890 people

  2. Somalia

    37,468 ± 4,736 people

  3. India

    27,159 ± 4,036 people

In 2018, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Minnesota was Mexico, the natal country of 58,148 Minnesota residents, followed by Somalia with 37,468 and India with 27,159.

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Citizenship

95.9%

2018 Citizenship

95.8%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 95.9% of Minnesota residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Minnesota was 95.8%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Minnesota compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

Most Common

  1. White Alone

    4.46M ± 2.05k

  2. Black or African American Alone

    362k ± 5.61k

  3. Hispanic or Latino

    308k ± 11.6k

In 2018, there were 12.3 times more White Alone residents (4.46M people) in Minnesota than any other race or ethnicity. There were 362k Black or African American Alone and 308k Hispanic or Latino residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.

The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Minnesota as a share of the total population.

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Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

  1. Spanish

    211,571 speakers (4.03%)

  2. Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages

    93,919 speakers (1.79%)

  3. Hmong

    67,116 speakers (1.28%)

12.2% of Minnesota citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is lower than the national average of 21.9%. In 2018, the most common non-English language spoken in Minnesota was Spanish. 4.03% of the overall population of Minnesota are native Spanish speakers. 1.79% speak Amharic, Somali, or Other Afro-Asiatic Languages and 1.28% speak Spanish, the next two most common languages.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

  1. Vietnam

    108,851 ± 3,306

  2. Gulf War (2001-)

    46,837 ± 2,892

  3. Gulf War (1990s)

    30,344 ± 2,379

Minnesota has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.32 times greater than any other conflict.

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Education

In 2017, universities in Minnesota awarded 105,328 degrees. The student population of Minnesota is skewed towards women, with 160,699 male students and 254,104 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Minnesota are White (71,073 and 70.6%), followed by Black or African American (11,228 and 11.2%), Asian (5,157 and 5.12%), and Unknown (5,110 and 5.08%).

The largest universities in Minnesota by number of degrees awarded are University of Minnesota-Twin Cities (14,275 and 13.6%), Walden University (12,372 and 11.7%), and Capella University (9,072 and 8.61%).

The most popular majors in Minnesota are Registered Nursing (9,295 and 8.82%), Liberal Arts & Sciences (6,290 and 5.97%), and General Business Administration & Management (5,999 and 5.7%).

The median tuition costs in Minnesota are $33,020 for private four year colleges, and $7,563 and $13,982 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

  1. General Business Administration & Management

    2,699 degrees awarded

  2. General Psychology

    2,368 degrees awarded

  3. Registered Nursing

    3,691 degrees awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Minnesota was General Business Administration & Management with 2,699 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Minnesota according to their major.

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Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

  1. University of Minnesota-Twin Cities

    14,275 degrees awarded

  2. Walden University

    12,372 degrees awarded

  3. Capella University

    9,072 degrees awarded

$7,563

Median In-State Public

$33,020

Median Private

In 2017, the Minnesota institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Minnesota-Twin Cities with 14,275 degrees awarded.

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Student Gender for Common Institutions

39,139

Degrees Awarded to Men

66,189

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2017, 39,139 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Minnesota, which is 0.591 times less than the 66,189 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Minnesota by degrees awarded.

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Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

  1. White

    71,073 degrees awarded

  2. Black or African American

    11,228 degrees awarded

  3. Asian

    5,157 degrees awarded

In 2017 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Minnesota were to White students. These 71,073 degrees mean that there were 6.33 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 11,228 degrees awarded.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Minnesota was $235,400 in 2018, which is 1.02 times larger than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $224,000 to $235,400, a 5.09% increase. The homeownership rate in Minnesota is 71.5%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Minnesota have an average commute time of 22.3 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Minnesota is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$235,400

2018 Median

± $1,474

$224,000

2017 Median

± $1,281

In 2018, the median property value in Minnesota grew to to $235,400 from the previous year's value of $224,000.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Minnesota compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Minnesota the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$70,315

Median Household Income

± $539

2.19M

Number of Households

± 18,683

In 2018, the median household income of the 2.19M households in Minnesota grew to $70,315 from the previous year's value of $68,388.

The following chart displays the households in Minnesota distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Minnesota distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Minnesota the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

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Rent vs Own

71.5%

2018 Homeownership

71.6%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 71.5% of the housing units in Minnesota were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 71.6%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Minnesota compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Commute Time

22.3 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Minnesota have a shorter commute time (22.3 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.7 minutes). Additionally, 1.74% of the workforce in Minnesota have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Minnesota compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

  1. Drove Alone

    77.7%

  2. Carpooled

    8.4%

  3. Worked At Home

    6.08%

In 2018, the most common method of travel for workers in Minnesota was Drove Alone (77.7%), followed by those who Carpooled (8.4%) and those who Worked At Home (6.08%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Minnesota distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Minnesota have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.

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