Union County, NJ

County

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2020 Population

555,208

0.212% 1-year growth

US Senator

Bob Menendez

Democratic Party

US Senator

Cory Booker

Democratic Party

2020 Median Age

38.9

0.517% 1-year increase

2020 Poverty Rate

8.79%

7.43% 1-year decrease

2020 Median Household Income

$82,644

3.05% 1-year growth

2020 Median Property Value

$378,700

3.13% 1-year growth

2020 Employed Population

282,632

0.332% 1-year growth

About

In 2020, Union County, NJ had a population of 555k people with a median age of 38.9 and a median household income of $82,644. Between 2019 and 2020 the population of Union County, NJ grew from 554,033 to 555,208, a 0.212% increase and its median household income grew from $80,198 to $82,644, a 3.05% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Union County, NJ are White (Non-Hispanic) (39%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (20.2%), Other (Hispanic) (13.9%), White (Hispanic) (13%), and Asian (Non-Hispanic) (5.21%).

None of the households in Union County, NJ reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

86.1% of the residents in Union County, NJ are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Union County, NJ are Kean University (3,401 degrees awarded in 2020), Union County College (1,670 degrees), and Lincoln Technical Institute-Union (746 degrees).

In 2020, the median property value in Union County, NJ was $378,700, and the homeownership rate was 58.9%. Most people in Union County, NJ drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 31.3 minutes. The average car ownership in Union County, NJ was 2 cars per household.

Union County, NJ borders Essex County, NJ, Hudson County, NJ, Middlesex County, NJ, Morris County, NJ, Somerset County, NJ, and Richmond County, NY.

About the photo: Aerial over Elizabeth, NJ

Photo by formulanone

United States New Jersey New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA

Diversity

Union County, NJ is home to a population of 555k people, from which 86.1% are citizens. As of 2020, 30.2% of Union County, NJ residents were born outside of the country (168k people).

In 2020, there were 1.93 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (216k people) in Union County, NJ than any other race or ethnicity. There were 112k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 77.4k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Union County, NJ

White (Non-Hispanic)
216k ± 1.07k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
112k ± 1.22k
Other (Hispanic)
77.4k ± 3.43k

32%

Hispanic Population

177k people

32% of the people in Union County, NJ are hispanic (177k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Union County, NJ as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

30.2%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

168k people

30.1%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

167k people

As of 2020, 30.2% of Union County, NJ residents (168k people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.5%. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Union County, NJ was 30.1%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Union County, NJ compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.3

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 0.5

In 2020, the median age of all people in Union County, NJ was 38.9. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 33, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 46. But people in Union County, NJ are getting getting older. In 2019, the average age of all Union County, NJ residents was 39.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for New Jersey.

Most Common Origin

India
263,388 ± 12,412 people
Dominican Republic
182,812 ± 10,389 people
Mexico
106,394 ± 7,960 people

In 2020, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of New Jersey was India, the natal country of 263,388 New Jersey residents, followed by Dominican Republic with 182,812 and Mexico with 106,394.

Citizenship

86.1%

2020 Citizenship

85.9%

2019 Citizenship

As of 2020, 86.1% of Union County, NJ residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2019, the percentage of US citizens in Union County, NJ was 85.9%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Union County, NJ compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
4,807 ± 529
Gulf War (2001-)
2,017 ± 368
Korea
1,639 ± 285

Union County, NJ has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.38 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for New Jersey. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in New Jersey, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in New Jersey (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in New Jersey. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in New Jersey.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of New Jersey across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Union County, NJ is $82,644. In 2020, the tract with the highest Median Household Income in Union County, NJ was Census Tract 379 with a value of $250,001, followed by Census Tract 377 and Census Tract 386.02, with respective values of $229,476 and $211,339.

Males in New Jersey have an average income that is 1.37 times higher than the average income of females, which is $67,739. The income inequality in New Jersey (measured using the Gini index) is 0.49, which is higher than than the national average.

The economy of Union County, NJ employs 283k people. The largest industries in Union County, NJ are Health Care & Social Assistance (35,561 people), Retail Trade (28,248 people), and Transportation & Warehousing (26,340 people), and the highest paying industries are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($160,199), Finance & Insurance ($103,822), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($89,365).

Wages

Median Household Income

$82,644

2020 value

± $1,642

3.05%

1 Year Growth

± 2.55%

Households in Union County, NJ have a median annual income of $82,644, which is more than the median annual income of $64,994 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $80,198 in 2019, which represents a 3.05% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Union County, NJ compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Sex in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for New Jersey.

$92,684

Average Male Salary in New Jersey

± $1,757

$67,739

Average Female Salary in New Jersey

± $1,291

In 2020, full-time male employees in New Jersey made 1.37 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the sex-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in New Jersey by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for New Jersey.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in New Jersey

Asian
$90,898 ± $3,461
White
$75,005 ± $1,298
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
$57,879 ± $42,752

In 2020 the highest paid race/ethnicity of New Jersey workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.21 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in New Jersey.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in New Jersey by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Union County, NJ is from New Jersey.

0.49

2020 Wage GINI in New Jersey

0.493

2019 Wage GINI in New Jersey

In 2020, the income inequality in New Jersey was 0.49 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.5% decline from 2019 to 2020, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for New Jersey was higher than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in New Jersey in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in New Jersey across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 379
Census Tract 377
Census Tract 386.02

In 2020, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Union County, NJ was Census Tract 379 with a value of $250,001, followed by Census Tract 377 and Census Tract 386.02, with respective values of $229,476 and $211,339.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Union County, NJ colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Sex

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

8.79% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Union County, NJ (48.3k out of 549k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.8%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 55 - 64.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

Hispanic
22,057 ± 1,315
White
17,709 ± 1,078
Black
13,844 ± 1,042

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Union County, NJ is Hispanic, followed by White and Black.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

283k

2020 Value

± 4,324

0.332%

1 Year growth

± 2.05%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Union County, NJ grew at a rate of 0.332%, from 282k employees to 283k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Union County, NJ, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (36,322 people), Management Occupations (28,704 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (25,851 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Union County, NJ.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Union County, NJ, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (36,322 people), Management Occupations (28,704 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (25,851 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Union County, NJ has an unusually high number of residents working as Transportation Occupations (1.54 times higher than expected), Legal Occupations (1.4 times), and Material Moving Occupations (1.31 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Union County, NJ, by median earnings, are Legal Occupations ($107,917), Management Occupations ($94,817), and Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($92,173).

Industries

Employment by Industries

283k

2020 Value

± 4,324

0.332%

1 Year growth

± 2.05%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Union County, NJ grew at a rate of 0.332%, from 282k employees to 283k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Union County, NJ, are Health Care & Social Assistance (35,561 people), Retail Trade (28,248 people), and Transportation & Warehousing (26,340 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Union County, NJ, though some of these residents may live in Union County, NJ and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Union County, NJ, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (35,561 people), Retail Trade (28,248 people), and Transportation & Warehousing (26,340 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Union County, NJ has an unusually high number of Transportation & Warehousing (1.99 times higher than expected), Finance & Insurance (1.41 times), and Wholesale Trade (1.33 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Union County, NJ, by median earnings, are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($160,199), Finance & Insurance ($103,822), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($89,365).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from New Jersey to other states, or from other states to New Jersey.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound New Jersey product (by dollars) was Electronics with $70.5B, followed by Pharmaceuticals ($58.9B) and Motorized vehicles ($50.4B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound New Jersey products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for New Jersey.

$649B

2020 Value in New Jersey

$1.35T

Projected 2050 Value in New Jersey

108% growth

In 2020, total outbound New Jersey trade was $649B. This is expected to increase 108% to $1.35T by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound New Jersey trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from New Jersey to other states, or from other states to New Jersey.

Most Common Trade Partners

New York
$116B
Pennsylvania
$61.4B
California
$24.4B

In 2020, the top outbound New Jersey domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New York with $116B, followed by Pennsylvania with $61.4B and California and $24.4B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that New Jersey shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Union County, NJ went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 67.3% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (31.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.564%). The most partisan county was Essex County, NJ with 77.3% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

Bob Menendez and Cory Booker are the senators currently representing the state of New Jersey. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

New Jersey is currently represented by 12 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (67.3%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (31.6%)
Republican Party
Jo Jorgensen (0.564%)
Libertarian Party

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Union County, NJ for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of New Jersey.

Joseph R Biden Jr.

Popular Vote for Union County, NJ

67.3% for the Democratic Party

Most Partisan Counties in New Jersey

Essex County, NJ
77.3% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Hudson County, NJ
72.6% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Mercer County, NJ
69.4% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in New Jersey was Essex County, NJ with 77.3% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in New Jersey colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from New Jersey

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

Bob Menendez

Senator from New Jersey

Assumed office on January 17, 2006
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Jon Corzine, who was elected Governor of New Jersey.

Cory Booker

Senator from New Jersey

Assumed office on October 31, 2013
Elected to the seat to succeed Jeffrey Chiesa, who had been appointed to the seat following the death of Frank Lautenberg.

Bob Menendez and Cory Booker are the senators currently representing New Jersey.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in New Jersey over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from New Jersey

New Jersey is currently represented by 12 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for New Jersey have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in Union County, NJ awarded 6,227 degrees. The student population of Union County, NJ is skewed towards women, with 9,741 male students and 15,139 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Union County, NJ are White (1,956 and 32.1%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (1,780 and 29.3%), Black or African American (1,427 and 23.5%), and Unknown (415 and 6.82%).

The largest universities in Union County, NJ by number of degrees awarded are Kean University (3,401 and 54.6%), Union County College (1,670 and 26.8%), and Lincoln Technical Institute-Union (746 and 12%).

The most popular majors in Union County, NJ are Registered Nursing (516 and 8.29%), Liberal Arts & Sciences (500 and 8.03%), and General Psychology (499 and 8.01%).

The median tuition costs in Union County, NJ are $10,700 for private four year colleges, and $10,445 and $17,621 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

General Biological Sciences
196 degree-majorss awarded
General Psychology
432 degree-majorss awarded
General Business Administration & Management
293 degree-majorss awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Union County, NJ was General Biological Sciences with 196 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Union County, NJ according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Kean University
3,401 degrees awarded
Union County College
1,670 degrees awarded
Lincoln Technical Institute-Union
746 degrees awarded

$10,445

Median In-State Public

$10,700

Median Private

In 2020, the Union County, NJ institution with the largest number of graduating students was Kean University with 3,401 degrees awarded.

Student Sex for Common Institutions

2,641

Degrees Awarded to Men

3,586

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2020, 2,641 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Union County, NJ, which is 0.736 times less than the 3,586 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the sex disparity between the institutions in Union County, NJ by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
1,956 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
1,780 degrees awarded
Black or African American
1,427 degrees awarded

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Union County, NJ was White students. These 1,956 degrees mean that there were 1.1 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 1,780 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Union County, NJ was $378,700 in 2020, which is 1.65 times larger than the national average of $229,800. Between 2019 and 2020 the median property value increased from $367,200 to $378,700, a 3.13% increase. The homeownership rate in Union County, NJ is 58.9%, which is lower than the national average of 64.4%. People in Union County, NJ have an average commute time of 31.3 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Union County, NJ is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$378,700

2020 Median

± $3,870

$367,200

2019 Median

± $2,790

In 2020, the median property value in Union County, NJ grew to to $378,700 from the previous year's value of $367,200.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Union County, NJ compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Union County, NJ the largest share of households have a property value in the $300k - $400k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$82,644

Median Household Income

± $1,642

192k

Number of Households

± 3,343

In 2020, the median household income of the 192k households in Union County, NJ grew to $82,644 from the previous year's value of $80,198.

The following chart displays the households in Union County, NJ distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Union County, NJ distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Union County, NJ the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

58.9%

2020 Homeownership

58.6%

2019 Homeownership

In 2020, 58.9% of the housing units in Union County, NJ were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 58.6%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 64.4%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Union County, NJ compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

31.3 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Union County, NJ have a longer commute time (31.3 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.9 minutes). Additionally, 4.78% of the workforce in Union County, NJ have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Union County, NJ compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2020

Drove Alone (68%)
Public Transit (11.1%)
Carpooled (7.77%)

In 2020, 68% of workers in Union County, NJ drove alone to work, followed by those who used public transit to get to work (11.1%) and those who carpooled to work (7.77%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Union County, NJ distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Union County, NJ have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

88.8% of the population of Union County, NJ has health coverage, with 52.8% on employee plans, 16% on Medicaid, 10.6% on Medicare, 9.04% on non-group plans, and 0.4% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in New Jersey was $8,859 in 2014. This is a 4.91% increase from the previous year ($8,444).

Primary care physicians in Union County, NJ see 1469 patients per year on average, which represents a 2.59% decrease from the previous year (1508 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1126 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 502 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Salem County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (15.6%). Additionally, Salem County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (39%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,469 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Union County, NJ

Primary care physicians in Union County, NJ see an average of 1,469 patients per year. This represents a 2.59% decrease from the previous year (1,508 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Union County, NJ in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New Jersey.

$8,859

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in New Jersey

$5,081

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$8,049

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$12,614

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in New Jersey (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.91%, from $8,444 to $8,859.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

11.2%

Uninsured

52.8%

Employer Coverage

16%

Medicaid

10.6%

Medicare

9.04%

Non-Group

0.4%

Military or VA

Between 2019 and 2020, the percent of uninsured citizens in Union County, NJ declined by 0.906% from 11.3% to 11.2%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Union County, NJ changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.