Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2019 Population

157,372

0.176% 1-year growth

US Senator

Richard Burr

Republican Party

US Senator

Thom Tillis

Republican Party

2019 Median Age

40.6

0.495% 1-year increase

2019 Poverty Rate

5.11%

5.78% 1-year decrease

2019 Median Household Income

$100,166

4.75% 1-year growth

2019 Median Property Value

$390,300

6.64% 1-year growth

2019 Employed Population

76,924

0.186% 1-year decline

About

In 2019, Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC had a population of 157k people with a median age of 40.6 and a median household income of $100,166. Between 2018 and 2019 the population of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC grew from 157,095 to 157,372, a 0.176% increase and its median household income grew from $95,628 to $100,166, a 4.75% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are White (Non-Hispanic) (76.5%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (8.59%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (6.53%), White (Hispanic) (4.25%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.04%). 14.5% of the households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC speak a non-English language at home as their primary language, and 93.9% of the residents in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are U.S. citizens.

In 2019, the median property value in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was $390,300, and the homeownership rate was 67.6%. Most people in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 23 minutes. The average car ownership in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was 2 cars per household.

Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC borders Charlotte City (Central) PUMA, NC, Charlotte City (Southwest) PUMA, NC, Mint Hill & Matthews (North) Towns PUMA, NC, and Matthews Town (South) PUMA, NC.

About the photo: Charlotte Mecklenburg Library and Children's Theatre of Charlotte

Photo by CMLibrary Charlotte Mecklenburg Library

United States North Carolina

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for North Carolina. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in North Carolina, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for North Carolina.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in North Carolina (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for North Carolina.

Start Year

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in North Carolina. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in North Carolina.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for North Carolina.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of North Carolina across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Diversity

Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC is home to a population of 157k people, from which 93.9% are citizens. As of 2019, 21.4% of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC residents were born outside of the country (33.7k people).

In 2019, there were 8.91 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (120k people) in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC than any other race or ethnicity. There were 13.5k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 10.3k Asian (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common foreign languages spoken in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are Spanish (6,489 speakers), Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (1,688 speakers), and Hindi (1,177 speakers).

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

White (Non-Hispanic)
120k ± 2.08k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
13.5k ± 1.44k
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
10.3k ± 880

5.71%

Hispanic Population

8.98k people

5.71% of the people in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are hispanic (8.98k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC as a share of the total population.

Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

Spanish
6,489 speakers (4.4%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
1,688 speakers (1.14%)
Hindi
1,177 speakers (0.798%)

14.5% of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is lower than the national average of 22%.

In 2019, the most common non-English language spoken in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was Spanish. 4.4% of the overall population of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are native Spanish speakers. 1.14% speak Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) and 0.798% speak Hindi, the next two most common languages.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

21.4%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

33.7k people

12%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

18.8k people

As of 2019, 21.4% of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC residents (33.7k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 34%. In 2018, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was 12%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.7

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1

In 2019, the median age of all people in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was 40.6. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 40, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 44. But people in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are getting getting older. In 2018, the average age of all Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC residents was 40.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

India
4,302 ± 1,588 people
China
1,060 ± 797 people
Brazil
928 ± 746 people

In 2019, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was India, the natal country of 4,302 Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC residents, followed by China with 1,060 and Brazil with 928.

Citizenship

93.9%

2019 Citizenship

93.7%

2018 Citizenship

As of 2019, 93.9% of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2018, the percentage of US citizens in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was 93.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
2,239 ± 302
Gulf War (2001-)
1,150 ± 310
Gulf War (1990s)
961 ± 232

Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.95 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

Median household income in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC is $100,166. In 2019, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was Raleigh City (Northwest) & Morrisville Town PUMA, NC with a value of $119,228, followed by Apex & Holly Springs Towns PUMA, NC and Indian Trail & Stallings Towns PUMA, NC, with respective values of $115,363 and $108,344.

Males in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC have an average income that is 1.65 times higher than the average income of females, which is $77,979. The income inequality in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC (measured using the Gini index) is 0.51, which is higher than than the national average.

The economy of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC employs 76.9k people. The largest industries in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC are Banking & related activities (6,247 people), Restaurants & Food Services (4,611 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,759 people), and the highest paying industries are Resin, synthetic rubber, & fibers & filaments manufacturing ($253,444), Software publishing ($187,572), and Legal services ($178,877).

Wages

Median Household Income

$100,166

2019 value

± $2,841

4.75%

1 Year Growth

± 3.73%

Households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC have a median annual income of $100,166, which is more than the median annual income of $65,712 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $95,628 in 2018, which represents a 4.75% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

$128,983

Average Male Salary in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

± $15,874

$77,979

Average Female Salary in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

± $11,399

In 2019, full-time male employees in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC made 1.65 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

White
$100,250 ± $10,957
Asian
$87,650 ± $27,150
Two or More Races
$83,992 ± $71,807

In 2019 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC workers was White. These workers were paid 1.14 times more than Asian workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

0.51

2019 Wage GINI in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

0.511

2018 Wage GINI in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC

In 2019, the income inequality in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was 0.51 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.204% decline from 2018 to 2019, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was higher than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2019, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was Raleigh City (Northwest) & Morrisville Town PUMA, NC with a value of $119,228, followed by Apex & Holly Springs Towns PUMA, NC and Indian Trail & Stallings Towns PUMA, NC, with respective values of $115,363 and $108,344.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

5.11% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC (8k out of 156k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.3%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 55 - 64 and then Females 35 - 44.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
5,248 ± 542
Black
1,249 ± 355
Hispanic
1,101 ± 252

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

76.9k

2019 Value

−0.186%

1 Year decline

± −0.186%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC declined at a rate of −0.186%, from 77.1k employees to 76.9k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, are Other managers (3,214 people), Chief executives & legislators (2,561 people), and Accountants & auditors (2,256 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, by number of employees, are Other managers (3,214 people), Chief executives & legislators (2,561 people), and Accountants & auditors (2,256 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other PUMAs, Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC has an unusually high number of residents working as Securities, commodities, & financial services sales agents (7.26 times higher than expected), Nurse anesthetists (6.39 times), and Personal financial advisors (5.65 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, by average salary, are Surgeons ($306,029), Actuaries ($300,542), and Other financial specialists ($286,261).

Industries

Employment by Industries

76.9k

2019 Value

−0.186%

1 Year decline

± −0.186%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC declined at a rate of −0.186%, from 77.1k employees to 76.9k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, are Banking & related activities (6,247 people), Restaurants & Food Services (4,611 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,759 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, though some of these residents may live in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, by number of employees, are Banking & related activities (6,247 people), Restaurants & Food Services (4,611 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,759 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other PUMAs, Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC has an unusually high number of Banking & related activities (5.97 times higher than expected), Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments (4.79 times), and Data processing, hosting & related services (3.3 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC, by average salary, are Resin, synthetic rubber, & fibers & filaments manufacturing ($253,444), Software publishing ($187,572), and Legal services ($178,877).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from North Carolina to other states, or from other states to North Carolina.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2018, the top outbound North Carolina product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $54.1B, followed by Pharmaceuticals ($40B) and Machinery ($36.8B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound North Carolina products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for North Carolina.

$430B

2018 Value in North Carolina

$840B

Projected 2045 Value in North Carolina

95.4% growth

In 2018, total outbound North Carolina trade was $430B. This is expected to increase 95.4% to $840B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound North Carolina trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from North Carolina to other states, or from other states to North Carolina.

Most Common Trade Partners

Georgia
$28.2B
South Carolina
$27.5B
Virginia
$24.4B

In 2018, the top outbound North Carolina domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Georgia with $28.2B, followed by South Carolina with $27.5B and Virginia and $24.4B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that North Carolina shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in North Carolina went to Donald J. Trump with 49.8% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (46.2%), followed by Gary Johnson (2.74%). The most partisan county was Graham County, NC with 78.8% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

Richard Burr and Thom Tillis are the senators currently representing the state of North Carolina. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

North Carolina is currently represented by 13 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC. Showing the available data for North Carolina.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (49.8%)
Republican Party
Hillary Rodham Clinton (46.2%)
Democratic Party
Gary Johnson (2.74%)
Libertarian Party

The following chart shows the popular vote results in North Carolina for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of North Carolina.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for North Carolina

49.8% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in North Carolina

Graham County, NC
78.8% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Yadkin County, NC
78.8% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Durham County, NC
77.7% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in North Carolina was Graham County, NC with 78.8% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in North Carolina colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from North Carolina

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for North Carolina.

Richard Burr

Senator from North Carolina

Assumed office on January 3, 2005

Thom Tillis

Senator from North Carolina

Assumed office on January 3, 2015

Richard Burr and Thom Tillis are the senators currently representing North Carolina.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in North Carolina over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from North Carolina

North Carolina is currently represented by 13 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for North Carolina have changed over time starting in 2008.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC was $390,300 in 2019, which is 1.62 times larger than the national average of $240,500. Between 2018 and 2019 the median property value increased from $366,000 to $390,300, a 6.64% increase. The homeownership rate in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC is 67.6%, which is higher than the national average of 64.1%. People in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC have an average commute time of 23 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$390,300

2019 Median

± $6,186

$366,000

2018 Median

± $5,630

In 2019, the median property value in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC grew to to $390,300 from the previous year's value of $366,000.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC the largest share of households have a property value in the $300k - $400k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$100,166

Median Household Income

± $2,841

63.2k

Number of Households

± 1,614

In 2019, the median household income of the 63.2k households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC grew to $100,166 from the previous year's value of $95,628.

The following chart displays the households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

67.6%

2019 Homeownership

67.7%

2018 Homeownership

In 2019, 67.6% of the housing units in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 67.7%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 64.1%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

23 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC have a shorter commute time (23 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.5 minutes). Additionally, 1.39% of the workforce in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2019

Drove Alone (79.4%)
Worked At Home (10.7%)
Carpooled (6.39%)

In 2019, 79.4% of workers in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (10.7%) and those who carpooled to work (6.39%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC have 2 cars, followed by 1 car.

Health

94.9% of the population of Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC has health coverage, with 63% on employee plans, 4.13% on Medicaid, 11.5% on Medicare, 15.4% on non-group plans, and 0.774% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in North Carolina was $7,264 in 2014. This is a 3.37% increase from the previous year ($7,027).

Primary care physicians in North Carolina see 1405 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.496% decrease from the previous year (1412 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1718 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 389 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Jones County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (27.2%). Additionally, Bladen County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (49.1%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for North Carolina.

1,405 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in North Carolina

Primary care physicians in North Carolina see an average of 1,405 patients per year. This represents a 0.496% decrease from the previous year (1,412 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in North Carolina in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for North Carolina.

$7,264

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in North Carolina

$3,859

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,225

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$10,260

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in North Carolina (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 3.37%, from $7,027 to $7,264.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

5.14%

Uninsured

63%

Employer Coverage

4.13%

Medicaid

11.5%

Medicare

15.4%

Non-Group

0.774%

Military or VA

Between 2018 and 2019, the percent of uninsured citizens in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC declined by 10.3% from 5.73% to 5.14%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Charlotte City (South) PUMA, NC changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.