Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2024 Population
131,049
US Senator
Chuck Grassley
Republican Party
US Senator
Joni Ernst
Republican Party
2024 Poverty Rate
14.9%
1.62% 1-year increase
2024 Median Household Income
$66,417
2.84% 1-year growth
2024 Median Property Value
$188,900
3.56% 1-year growth
2023 Employed Population
62,505
1.84% 1-year decline

About

8.76% of the households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

96.4% of the residents in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are University of Northern Iowa (2,649 degrees awarded in 2023), Hawkeye Community College (898 degrees), and Allen College (217 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was $188,900, and the homeownership rate was 66.2%.

Most people in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 15.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was 2 cars per household.

United StatesIowa

Population & Diversity

Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA is home to a population of 131k people, from which 96.4% are citizens. As of 2024, 6.26% of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA residents were born outside of the country (8.2k people).

In 2024, there were 8.54 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (102k people) in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 12k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 4.24k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are Spanish (4,049 households), Serbo-Croatian (1,873 households), and Other Languages of Asia (988 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY
66,453
Women
50.8%
64,402
Men
49.2%

The resident population of United States in 2023 was 130,855 inhabitants, with 49.2% men, and 50.8% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

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Citizenship

96.4%
2024 Citizenship
96.7%
2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 96.4% of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was 96.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA
  1. White (Non-Hispanic)
    102k ± 341
  2. Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
    12k ± 584
  3. Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
    4.24k ± 680
5.24%
Hispanic Population
6.86k people

In 2024, there were 8.54 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (102k people) in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 12k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 4.24k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

5.24% of the people in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are hispanic (6.86k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA as a share of the total population.

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Global Diversity

Most Common Origin
  1. Bosnia and Herzegovina
    1,280 ± 874 people
  2. Mexico
    990 ± 770 people
  3. India
    810 ± 697 people

In 2023, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was Bosnia and Herzegovina, the natal country of 1,280 Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA residents, followed by Mexico with 990 and India with 810.

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Foreign-Born Population

6.26%
2024 Foreign-Born Population
8.2k people
6.27%
2023 Foreign-Born Population
8.2k people

As of 2024, 6.26% of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA residents (8.2k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was 6.27%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages
  1. Spanish
    4,049 households (3.29%)
  2. Serbo-Croatian
    1,873 households (1.52%)
  3. Other Languages of Asia
    988 households (0.803%)

8.76% of the households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was Spanish. 3.29% of the households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period
  1. Vietnam
    2,252 ± 229
  2. Gulf War (2001-)
    1,154 ± 250
  3. Gulf War (1990s)
    735 ± 169

Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.95 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA.

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Economy

The economy of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA employs 62.5k people. In 2023, the largest industries in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA were Restaurants & Food Services (4,776 people), Elementary & secondary schools (3,822 people), and Construction (3,510 people), and the highest paying industries were Offices of physicians ($158,877), Scientific research & development services ($112,198), and Aircraft & parts manufacturing ($109,310).

Males in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA have an average income that is 1.32 times higher than the average income of females, which is $56,427. The income inequality in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA (measured using the Gini index) is 0.475, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure
RACE/ETHNICITY
30,368
Women
48.6%
32,137
Men
51.4%

The workforce of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA in 2023 was 62,505 people, with 48.6% woman, and 51.4% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

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Occupations

62.5k
2023 Value
−1.84%
1 Year decline
± −1.84%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA declined at a rate of −1.84%, from 63.7k employees to 62.5k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA, are Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand (2,203 people), Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (1,809 people), and Cashiers (1,756 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Iowa (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

62.5k
2023 Value
−1.84%
1 Year decline
± −1.84%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA declined at a rate of −1.84%, from 63.7k employees to 62.5k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA, are Restaurants & Food Services (4,776 people), Elementary & secondary schools (3,822 people), and Construction (3,510 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA, though some of these residents may live in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Median Earnings by Industry

$49,210
Median earning men ± $1,485
$34,942
Median earning women ± $1,665

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Public Administration ($67,372), Manufacturing ($65,828), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($64,900).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Construction ($61,696), Public Administration ($59,250), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($57,860).

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.
Y-Axis
1.48%
Year-over-year growth
Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 1.57M people employed in Iowa. This represents a 1.48% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 10.9%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Iowa.

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Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Iowa went to Donald J. Trump with 55.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (42.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.789%).

Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst are the senators currently representing the state of Iowa. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Iowa is currently represented by 4 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Voting results are not available for Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA. Showing the available data for Iowa.
2024 Election Results
  1. Donald J. Trump (55.7%)
    Republican Party
  2. Kamala Harris (42.5%)
    Democratic Party
  3. Robert Kennedy (0.789%)
    Independent Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Iowa went to Donald J. Trump with 55.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (42.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (0.789%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Iowa for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

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Senator Elections

US Senators from Iowa

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.
Chuck Grassley
Senator from Iowa3
Assumed office on January 3, 1981
Joni Ernst
Senator from Iowa2
Assumed office on January 3, 2015

Chuck Grassley and Joni Ernst are the senators currently representing Iowa.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Iowa over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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Education

In 2023, universities in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA awarded 3,818 degrees. The student population of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA in 2023 is skewed towards women, with 5,365 male students and 9,074 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are White (3,195 and 85.5%), Hispanic or Latino (162 and 4.33%), Two or More Races (119 and 3.18%), and Black or African American (107 and 2.86%).

The largest universities in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA by number of degrees awarded are University of Northern Iowa (2,649 and 69.4%), Hawkeye Community College (898 and 23.5%), and Allen College (217 and 5.68%).

The most popular majors in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are Elementary Education & Teaching (347 and 9.09%), Liberal Arts & Sciences (290 and 7.6%), and Registered Nursing (182 and 4.77%).

The median tuition costs in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA are $22,304 for private four year colleges, and $8,396 and $19,940 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University
Measure

In 2023 in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA, the percentage of applicants admitted was 94.4%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 33.5%. The number of students enrolled in 2023 was 14,439 (37.2% men and 62.8% women).

The line chart  shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

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Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2023 there were 14,439 students enrolled in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA, 37.2% men and 62.8% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 11,631 records, of which 63.6% were women and 36.4% men.

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Completions

Concentrations

Most Common
  1. Registered Nursing
    110 degrees awarded
  2. Elementary Education & Teaching
    319 degrees awarded
  3. General Psychology
    118 degrees awarded

In 2023, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was Registered Nursing with 110 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA according to their major.

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Universities

Gender
Race
Largest Universities by degrees awarded
  1. University of Northern Iowa
    2,649 degrees awarded
  2. Hawkeye Community College
    898 degrees awarded
  3. Allen College
    217 degrees awarded

In 2023, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of Northern Iowa with 2,649 degrees awarded.

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Student Diversity

University

In 2023, 1,459 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA, which is 0.618 times less than the 2,359 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2023, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 3,195 degrees mean that there were 19.7 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 162 degrees awarded.

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Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($22,304) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2023.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($2,152) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2023.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($1,200) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2023, 0.584% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.433% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

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Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA in 2023 were High School or Equivalent (30.1k), Some college (25.2k), and Bachelors Degree (19.5k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was $188,900 in 2024, which is 0.568 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $182,400 to $188,900, a 3.56% increase. The homeownership rate in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA is 66.2%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA have an average commute time of 15.9 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property

$188,900
Median Property Value 2024
±$4,988
$36,139
Median Property Taxes
±$1,181

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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Rent vs Own

66.2%
Homeownership
2024
63.9%
Homeowners with Mortgage
2024

In 2024, 66.2% of the housing units in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 65.3%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
$66,417
Median Household Income
± $1,805
54.6k
Number of Households
± 1,698

In 2024, the median household income of the 54.6k households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA grew to $66,417 from the previous year's value of $64,581.

The following chart displays the households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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Wage Distribution

0.475
2023 Wage GINI in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA
0.48
2022 Wage GINI in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA

In 2023, the income inequality in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was 0.475 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.12% decline from 2022 to 2023, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA was lower than than the national average of 0.476. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024
  1. Drove Alone (78.4%)
  2. Worked At Home (8.86%)
  3. Carpooled (8.53%)

In 2024, 78.4% of workers in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (8.86%) and those who carpooled to work (8.53%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Commute Time

15.9 minutes
Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA have a shorter commute time (15.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1.11% of the workforce in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Car Ownership

2 cars
Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA have 2 cars.

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Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

14.9% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA (18.8k out of 126k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Males 18 - 24 and then Females 25 - 34.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Health

94.9% of the population of Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA has health coverage, with 49.8% on employee plans, 18.5% on Medicaid, 14.1% on Medicare, 11.3% on non-group plans, and 1.13% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Iowa see 1,385 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,385 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1411 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 466 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.2% were men and 50.8% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.
1,385 to 1
Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Iowa

Primary care physicians in Iowa see an average of 1,385 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,385 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Iowa in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.1% under 18 years, 25.4% between 18 and 34 years, 33.4% between 35 and 64 years, and 17.1% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.2% were men and 50.8% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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Uninsured People

5.07%
Uninsured
49.8%
Employer Coverage
18.5%
Medicaid
14.1%
Medicare
11.3%
Non-Group
1.13%
Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA grew by 15.4% from 4.39% to 5.07%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Black Hawk County--Waterloo & Cedar Falls Cities PUMA, IA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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