Alabama

State

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2021 Population
5M
2.14% 1-year growth
US Senator
Tommy Tuberville
Republican Party
US Senator
Katie Britt
Republican Party
2021 Median Age
39.3
0.255% 1-year increase
2021 Poverty Rate
15.8%
1.24% 1-year decrease
2021 Median Household Income
$54,943
5.59% 1-year growth
2021 Median Property Value
$157,100
5.01% 1-year growth
2021 Employed Population
2.07M
2.35% 1-year growth

About

In 2021, Alabama had a population of 5M people with a median age of 39.3 and a median household income of $54,943. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Alabama grew from 4.89M to 5M, a 2.14% increase and its median household income grew from $52,035 to $54,943, a 5.59% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Alabama are White (Non-Hispanic) (64.9%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (26.3%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.3%), White (Hispanic) (1.95%), and Other (Hispanic) (1.47%).

5.31% of the households in Alabama reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

98% of the residents in Alabama are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Alabama are The University of Alabama (10,311 degrees awarded in 2021), Auburn University (8,031 degrees), and Columbia Southern University (7,022 degrees).

In 2021, the median property value in Alabama was $157,100, and the homeownership rate was 69.4%.

Most people in Alabama drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 25.2 minutes. The average car ownership in Alabama was 2 cars per household.

Alabama borders Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and Tennessee.

About the photo: Birmingham, AL

geosearchPopulation & Diversity

Alabama is home to a population of 5M people, from which 98% are citizens. As of 2021, 3.47% of Alabama residents were born outside of the country (173k people).

In 2021, there were 2.46 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (3.24M people) in Alabama than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.32M Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 115k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Alabama are Spanish (156,752 households), Korean (10,578 households), and Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (10,450 households).

Population by Location

Sex
RACE/ETHNICITY
The 3 PUMAS with the highest resident population
  1. 227,236
  2. 220,446
  3. 207,311

In 2021 there were 4,997,675 residents in Alabama.

The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) with the highest resident population were Carr 2-Carr 111 PUMA, PR (156,169 people), Carr 2 (Noroeste) PUMA, PR (122,003 people), and Carr 2-Carr 100 PUMA, PR (125,723 people).

The following map shows all of the states in Alabama colored by the resident population.

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Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY
2,567,347
Women
51.4%
2,430,328
Men
48.6%

The resident population of United States in 2021 was 4,997,675 inhabitants, with 48.6% men, and 51.4% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

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Citizenship

98%
2021 Citizenship
97.9%
2020 Citizenship

As of 2021, 98% of Alabama residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2020, the percentage of US citizens in Alabama was 97.9%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Alabama compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Alabama
  1. White (Non-Hispanic)
    3.24M ± 2.08k
  2. Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
    1.32M ± 3.02k
  3. Two+ (Non-Hispanic)
    115k ± 3.72k
4.5%
Hispanic Population
225k people

In 2021, there were 2.46 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (3.24M people) in Alabama than any other race or ethnicity. There were 1.32M Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 115k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

4.5% of the people in Alabama are hispanic (225k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Alabama as a share of the total population.

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Global Diversity

Most Common Origin
  1. Mexico
    47,376 ± 5,318 people
  2. Guatemala
    14,765 ± 2,979 people
  3. Korea
    9,877 ± 2,438 people

In 2021, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Alabama was Mexico, the natal country of 47,376 Alabama residents, followed by Guatemala with 14,765 and Korea with 9,877.

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Foreign-Born Population

3.47%
2021 Foreign-Born Population
173k people
3.43%
2020 Foreign-Born Population
168k people

As of 2021, 3.47% of Alabama residents (173k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2020, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Alabama was 3.43%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Alabama compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages
  1. Spanish
    156,752 households (3.33%)
  2. Korean
    10,578 households (0.225%)
  3. Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
    10,450 households (0.222%)

5.31% of the households in Alabama reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 21.7%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2021, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Alabama was Spanish. 3.33% of the households in Alabama reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

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Veterans

Most Common Service Period
  1. Vietnam
    103,137 ± 2,151
  2. Gulf War (2001-)
    77,999 ± 2,691
  3. Gulf War (1990s)
    54,674 ± 1,929

Alabama has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.32 times greater than any other conflict.

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briefcaseEconomy

The economy of Alabama employs 2.07M people. The largest industries in Alabama are Restaurants & Food Services (129,590 people), Construction (126,213 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (120,292 people), and the highest paying industries are Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($111,727), Pharmaceutical & medicine manufacturing ($108,189), and Software publishing ($105,210).

Males in Alabama have an average income that is 1.43 times higher than the average income of females, which is $46,361. The income inequality in Alabama (measured using the Gini index) is 0.458, which is lower than than the national average.

Workforce Diversity

Measure
RACE/ETHNICITY
973,711
Women
48.2%
1,045,629
Men
51.8%

The workforce of Alabama in 2020 was 2,019,340 people, with 48.2% woman, and 51.8% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Alabama.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

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Workforce and Wage by Location

Measure
RACE/ETHNICITY

In 2021 there were 2,066,695 people working in Alabama. The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) that concentrated the largest workforce were Carr 2-Carr 111 PUMA, PR (40,362 people), Carr 2 (Noroeste) PUMA, PR (30,396 people), and Carr 2-Carr 100 PUMA, PR (29,954 people).

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Alabama colored by workforce or average wage.

With the upper buttons you can see the yearly change and add a filter by race.

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Occupations

2.07M
2021 Value
2.35%
1 Year growth
± 2.35%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Alabama grew at a rate of 2.35%, from 2.02M employees to 2.07M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Alabama, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (58,733 people), Registered nurses (54,572 people), and Cashiers (52,218 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Alabama.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Alabama (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industries

2.07M
2021 Value
2.35%
1 Year growth
± 2.35%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Alabama grew at a rate of 2.35%, from 2.02M employees to 2.07M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Alabama, are Restaurants & Food Services (129,590 people), Construction (126,213 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (120,292 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Alabama, though some of these residents may live in Alabama and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Median Earnings by Industry

$44,386
Median earning men ± $400
$30,463
Median earning women ± $259

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2021 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($63,430), Public Administration ($62,114), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($55,352).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2021 are Public Administration ($44,606), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($41,506), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($38,630).

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.
Y-Axis
2.75%
Year-over-year growth
Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 155M people employed in Alabama. This represents a 2.75% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Alabama.

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Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments
  1. 75,708
    Educational Services, Health Care & Social Assistance
  2. 56,956
    Finance & Insurance, and Real Estate, Rental & Leasing
  3. 44,162
    Retail Trade

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

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Payroll by Industry Sector

The industries with the highest total annual payroll
  1. $107M
    Manufacturing
  2. $63.6M
    Educational Services, Health Care & Social Assistance
  3. $35.2M
    Finance & Insurance, and Real Estate, Rental & Leasing

The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

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Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Alabama to other states, or from other states to Alabama.
Top Domestic Production in Dollars
  1. $48.2B
  2. $20.5B
  3. $19.8B

In 2020, the top outbound Alabama product (by dollars) was Motorized vehicles with $48.2B, followed by Pharmaceuticals ($20.5B) and Mixed freight ($19.8B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Alabama products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Alabama.
$267B
2020 Value in Alabama
$540B
Projected 2050 Value in Alabama
102% growth

In 2020, total outbound Alabama trade was $267B. This is expected to increase 102% to $540B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Alabama trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Alabama to other states, or from other states to Alabama.
Most Common Trade Partners
  1. $30.3B
  2. $20.6B
  3. $13B

In 2020, the top outbound Alabama domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Georgia with $30.3B, followed by Florida with $20.6B and Tennessee and $13B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Alabama shares with each state (excluding itself).

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flagCivics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Alabama went to Donald J. Trump with 62% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (36.6%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.08%).

The most partisan county was Winston County, AL with 90.3% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing the state of Alabama. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Donald J. Trump
Popular Vote for Alabama
62% for the Republican Party
Most Partisan Counties in Alabama
  1. 90.3% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
  2. 89.7% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
  3. 89.6% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in Alabama was Winston County, AL with 90.3% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in Alabama colored by their party leaning.

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US Senators from Alabama

Tommy Tuberville
Senator from Alabama2
Assumed office on January 3, 2021
Katie Britt
Senator from Alabama3
Assumed office on January 3, 2023

Tommy Tuberville and Katie Britt are the senators currently representing Alabama.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Alabama over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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US Representatives from Alabama

Alabama is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Alabama have changed over time starting in 2008.

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learningEducation

In 2021, universities in Alabama awarded 81,515 degrees. The student population of Alabama in 2021 is skewed towards women, with 120,893 male students and 173,519 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Alabama are White (51,594 and 65.2%), followed by Black or African American (16,442 and 20.8%), Unknown (3,757 and 4.75%), and Hispanic or Latino (3,201 and 4.05%).

The largest universities in Alabama by number of degrees awarded are The University of Alabama (10,311 and 12.6%), Auburn University (8,031 and 9.85%), and Columbia Southern University (7,022 and 8.61%).

The most popular majors in Alabama are Registered Nursing (6,803 and 8.35%), General Studies (6,587 and 8.08%), and General Business Administration & Management (6,347 and 7.79%).

The median tuition costs in Alabama are $18,137 for private four year colleges, and $9,206 and $18,912 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University
Measure

In 2021 in Alabama, the percentage of applicants admitted was 76.2%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 23.4%. The number of students enrolled in 2021 was 294,412 (41.1% men and 58.9% women).

The map shows the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

The line chart below shows the annual evolution of the indicator by gender.

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Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2021 there were 294,412 students enrolled in Alabama, 41.1% men and 58.9% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 175,677 records, of which 57.1% were women and 42.9% men.

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Concentrations

Most Common
  1. 2,880 degree-majors awarded
  2. 2,607 degree-majors awarded
  3. 1,483 degree-majors awarded

In 2021, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Alabama was General Business Administration & Management with 2,880 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Alabama according to their major.

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Universities

Gender
Race
Largest Universities by degrees awarded
  1. 10,311 degrees awarded
  2. 8,031 degrees awarded
  3. 7,022 degrees awarded

In 2021, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was The University of Alabama with 10,311 degrees awarded.

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Student Diversity

University

In 2021, 33,856 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Alabama, which is 0.71 times less than the 47,659 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2021 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 51,594 degrees mean that there were 3.14 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 16,442 degrees awarded.

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Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($18,137) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2021.

Public, 4-year or above ($1,517) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2021.

Public, 2-year ($1,607) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2021, 0.898% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.82% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

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Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Alabama in 2021 were High School or Equivalent (1.21M), Some college (906k), and Secondary Education (641k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

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homeHousing & Living

The median property value in Alabama was $157,100 in 2021, which is 0.641 times smaller than the national average of $244,900. Between 2020 and 2021 the median property value increased from $149,600 to $157,100, a 5.01% increase. The homeownership rate in Alabama is 69.4%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.6%.

People in Alabama have an average commute time of 25.2 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Alabama is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Alabama is $54,943. In 2021, the county with the highest Median Household Income in Alabama was Shelby County, AL with a value of $82,592, followed by Madison County, AL and Limestone County, AL, with respective values of $71,153 and $70,736.

In 2022, 13.7% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Alabama. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 1.11%.

Property

$157,100
Median Property Value 2021
±$738
$1.32M
Median Property Taxes
±$8,868

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Alabama the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Alabama compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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Rent vs Own

69.4%
Homeownership
2021
67.7%
Homeowners with Mortgage
2021

In 2021, 69.4% of the housing units in Alabama were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 69.2%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Alabama compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.
Race/Ethnicity
Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2021, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Alabama was Shelby County, AL with a value of $82,592, followed by Madison County, AL and Limestone County, AL, with respective values of $71,153 and $70,736.

The following map shows all of the counties in Alabama colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
$54,943
Median Household Income
± $377
1.9M
Number of Households
± 11,109

In 2021, the median household income of the 1.9M households in Alabama grew to $54,943 from the previous year's value of $52,035.

The following chart displays the households in Alabama distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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Wage Distribution

0.458
2021 Wage GINI in Alabama
0.458
2020 Wage GINI in Alabama

In 2021, the income inequality in Alabama was 0.458 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0218% growth from 2020 to 2021, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Alabama was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Alabama in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Alabama across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2021
  1. Drove Alone (83.8%)
  2. Carpooled (8.25%)
  3. Worked At Home (5.62%)

In 2021, 83.8% of workers in Alabama drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (8.25%) and those who worked at home (5.62%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Commute Time

25.2 minutes
Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Alabama have a shorter commute time (25.2 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.8 minutes). Additionally, 2.1% of the workforce in Alabama have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Alabama compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Car Ownership

2 cars
Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Alabama distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Alabama have 2 cars.

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Severe Housing Problems

In 2022, 13.7% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Alabama. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 1.11%.

The map show the severe housing problems rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

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Poverty & Diversity

15.8% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Alabama (770k out of 4.88M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.6%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Alabama is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Children in Poverty

In 2022, 20.9% of the children was living in poverty in Alabama. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 6.7%.

The map show the children in poverty rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of children in poverty.

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Crimes & Accidents

Indicator

In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 480 in Alabama. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator grew 62.2 per 100,000 population.

The following map shows the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Alabama.

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pulseHealth

90.3% of the population of Alabama has health coverage, with 45.3% on employee plans, 16.2% on Medicaid, 12.9% on Medicare, 13.5% on non-group plans, and 2.34% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Alabama see 1519 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.978% decrease from the previous year (1534 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2026 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 846 patients per year.

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,519 to 1
Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Alabama

Primary care physicians in Alabama see an average of 1,519 patients per year. This represents a 0.978% decrease from the previous year (1,534 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Alabama in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

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Health Care Diversity

In 2021, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 24.2% under 18 years, 20.6% between 18 and 34 years, 38.4% between 35 and 64 years, and 16.8% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 47.5% were men and 52.5% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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Uninsured People

9.7%
Uninsured
45.3%
Employer Coverage
16.2%
Medicaid
12.9%
Medicare
13.5%
Non-Group
2.34%
Military or VA

Between 2020 and 2021, the percent of uninsured citizens in Alabama grew by 2.51% from 9.46% to 9.7%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Alabama changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Outcomes

Indicator

In 2022, the number of deaths among residents under age 18 per 100,000 population was 66.8 in Alabama.

The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Alabama and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Alabama.

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Health Behaviors

Indicator

In 2022, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 36.3% in Alabama.

The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Alabama and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Alabama.

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Clinical Care

Indicator

In 2022, the percentage of population under age 65 without health insurance was 11.6% in Alabama.

The  map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Alabama and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Alabama.

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