Missouri Western State University had a total enrollment of 3,716 students in 2024. The full-time enrollment at Missouri Western State University is 2,096 students and the part-time enrollment is 1,620. This means that 56.4% of students enrolled at Missouri Western State University are enrolled full-time.

The enrolled student population at Missouri Western State University, both undergraduate and graduate, is 67.1% White, 10.2% Black or African American, 9.42% Two or More Races, 1.78% Asian, 1.75% American Indian or Alaska Native, 0.861% Hispanic or Latino, and 0.188% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islanders.

Students enrolled at Missouri Western State University in full-time Undergraduate programs are most commonly White Female (40%), followed by White Male (25.6%) and Black or African American Female (7.46%). Students enrolled in full-time Graduate programs are most commonly White Female (48.7%), followed by White Male (26.3%) and Black or African American Male (5.26%).