Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2023 Population

115,113

0.396% 1-year decline

US Senator

Bernie Moreno

Republican Party

US Senator

Jon Husted

Republican Party

2023 Median Age

44.4

0% 1-year change

2023 Poverty Rate

9.33%

6.84% 1-year increase

2023 Median Household Income

$73,395

1.75% 1-year growth

2023 Median Property Value

$181,600

6.82% 1-year growth

2022 Employed Population

55,599

13.3% 1-year growth

About

In 2023, Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH had a population of 115k people with a median age of 44.4 and a median household income of $73,395. Between 2022 and 2023 the population of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH declined from 115,571 to 115,113, a −0.396% decrease and its median household income grew from $72,135 to $73,395, a 1.75% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are White (Non-Hispanic) (89%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (4.01%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (3.8%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (1.26%), and Two+ (Hispanic) (0.777%).

3.38% of the households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

99.4% of the residents in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are Portage Lakes Career Center (144 degrees awarded in 2022).

In 2023, the median property value in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was $181,600, and the homeownership rate was 75.7%.

Most people in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 23.2 minutes. The average car ownership in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was 2 cars per household.

Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH borders Portage County PUMA, OH, Summit County (North & Northwest)--Hudson, Twinsburg & Macedonia Cities PUMA, OH, Summit County (East Central)--Cuyahoga Falls, Stow & Tallmadge Cities PUMA, OH, Summit County (Central)--Akron City PUMA, OH, Medina County PUMA, OH, Wayne County PUMA, OH, Stark County (West)--Massillon City PUMA, OH, Stark County (Central)--Canton & North Canton Cities PUMA, OH, and Stark County (East) & Carroll County--Aliance City PUMA, OH.

United States Ohio

Population & Diversity

Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH is home to a population of 115k people, from which 99.4% are citizens. As of 2023, 2.31% of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH residents were born outside of the country (2.66k people).

In 2023, there were 22.2 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (103k people) in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH than any other race or ethnicity. There were 4.61k Two+ (Non-Hispanic) and 4.37k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary langauge in households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are Spanish (909 households), Serbo-Croatian (494 households), and German (375 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

58,397

Women

50.6%

56,987

Men

49.4%

The resident population of United States in 2022 was 115,384 inhabitants, with 49.4% men, and 50.6% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in the United States.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

99.4%

2023 Citizenship

99.4%

2022 Citizenship

As of 2023, 99.4% of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2022, the percentage of US citizens in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was 99.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH

White (Non-Hispanic)
103k ± 1.39k
Two+ (Non-Hispanic)
4.61k ± 742
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
4.37k ± 760

1.54%

Hispanic Population

1.78k people

1.54% of the people in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are hispanic (1.78k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

India
228 ± 370 people
Bosnia and Herzegovina
191 ± 339 people
England
143 ± 293 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was India, the natal country of 228 Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH residents, followed by Bosnia and Herzegovina with 191 and England with 143.

Foreign-Born Population

2.31%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

2.66k people

2.29%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

2.64k people

As of 2023, 2.31% of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH residents (2.66k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.8%. In 2022, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was 2.29%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
909 households (0.824%)
Serbo-Croatian
494 households (0.448%)
German
375 households (0.34%)

3.38% of the households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is lower than the national average of 22%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2023, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was Spanish. 0.824% of the households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
2,265 ± 280
Gulf War (2001-)
1,192 ± 261
Gulf War (1990s)
534 ± 145

Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.9 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH employs 55.6k people. The largest industries in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are Restaurants & Food Services (4,262 people), Elementary & secondary schools (3,686 people), and Construction (3,578 people), and the highest paying industries are Business support services ($152,985), Iron & steel mills & steel product manufacturing ($150,843), and Legal services ($149,858).

Males in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH have an average income that is 1.34 times higher than the average income of females, which is $57,704. The income inequality in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH (measured using the Gini index) is 0.442, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

23,262

Women

47.8%

25,359

Men

52.2%

The workforce of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH in 2020 was 48,621 people, with 47.8% woman, and 52.2% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

55.6k

2022 Value

13.3%

1 Year growth

± 13.3%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH grew at a rate of 13.3%, from 49.1k employees to 55.6k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH, are Registered nurses (1,642 people), Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (1,509 people), and Other managers (1,335 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Ohio (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

55.6k

2022 Value

13.3%

1 Year growth

± 13.3%

From 2021 to 2022, employment in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH grew at a rate of 13.3%, from 49.1k employees to 55.6k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH, are Restaurants & Food Services (4,262 people), Elementary & secondary schools (3,686 people), and Construction (3,578 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH, though some of these residents may live in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$55,906

Median earning men ± $2,940

$38,260

Median earning women ± $1,979

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2023 are Information ($81,127), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($76,473), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($70,478).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2023 are Manufacturing ($57,597), Wholesale Trade ($54,565), and Information ($51,875).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Y-Axis

1.48%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 5.51M people employed in Ohio. This represents a 1.48% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 15.4%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Ohio.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Ohio went to Donald J. Trump with 55.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (43.9%), followed by Chase Oliver (0.489%).

Bernie Moreno and Jon Husted are the senators currently representing the state of Ohio. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH. Showing the available data for Ohio.

2024 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (55.1%)
Republican Party
Kamala Harris (43.9%)
Democratic Party
Chase Oliver (0.489%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Ohio went to Donald J. Trump with 55.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (43.9%), followed by Chase Oliver (0.489%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Ohio for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Ohio

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Bernie Moreno

Senator from Ohio

Assumed office on January 3, 2025

Jon Husted

Senator from Ohio

Assumed office on January 21, 2025
While elections for full class 3 terms will take place in 2028, Ohio will hold a special election in 2026 to elect a senator to complete the remainder of JD Vance's term.

Bernie Moreno and Jon Husted are the senators currently representing Ohio.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Ohio over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Ohio

Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Ohio have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH awarded 144 degrees. The student population of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 37 male students and 125 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are White (100 and 69.4%), followed by Black or African American (34 and 23.6%), Asian (4 and 2.78%), and Two or More Races (4 and 2.78%).

The largest universities in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH by number of degrees awarded are Portage Lakes Career Center (144 and 100%).

The most popular majors in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH are Licensed Practical & Vocational Nurse Training (43 and 29.9%), Nail Specialist & Manicurist (27 and 18.8%), and General Cosmetology (15 and 10.4%).

Admissions & Enrollments

Enrollments by Gender and Races

In 2022 there were 162 students enrolled in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH, 22.8% men and 77.2% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 106 records, of which 70.8% were women and 29.2% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Licensed Practical & Vocational Nurse Training
43 degrees awarded
General Cosmetology
15 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was Licensed Practical & Vocational Nurse Training with 43 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Portage Lakes Career Center

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

144 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Portage Lakes Career Center with 144 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

In 2022, 36 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH, which is 0.333 times less than the 108 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 100 degrees mean that there were 2.94 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 34 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2022, 0.64% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.485% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH in 2022 were High School or Equivalent (32.2k), Some college (20.4k), and Bachelors Degree (17.1k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was $181,600 in 2023, which is 0.599 times smaller than the national average of $303,400. Between 2022 and 2023 the median property value increased from $170,000 to $181,600, a 6.82% increase. The homeownership rate in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH is 75.7%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 65%.

People in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH have an average commute time of 23.2 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH is $73,395. In 2023, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was Delaware County (South) PUMA, OH with a value of $152,746, followed by Hamilton County (East)--Loveland, Montgomery Cities & Forestville PUMA, OH and Butler County (Southeast)--Monroe City & Beckett Ridge PUMA, OH, with respective values of $127,376 and $120,065.

Housing

Property

$181,600

Median Property Value 2023

±$4,469

$37,113

Median Property Taxes

±$1,330

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

75.7%

Homeownership

2023

62.6%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2023

In 2023, 75.7% of the housing units in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 76%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2023, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was Delaware County (South) PUMA, OH with a value of $152,746, followed by Hamilton County (East)--Loveland, Montgomery Cities & Forestville PUMA, OH and Butler County (Southeast)--Monroe City & Beckett Ridge PUMA, OH, with respective values of $127,376 and $120,065.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$73,395

Median Household Income

± $1,606

49.1k

Number of Households

± 1,691

In 2023, the median household income of the 49.1k households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH grew to $73,395 from the previous year's value of $72,135.

The following chart displays the households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.442

2022 Wage GINI in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH

0.438

2021 Wage GINI in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH

In 2022, the income inequality in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was 0.442 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.986% growth from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2023

Drove Alone (80.2%)
Worked At Home (11.8%)
Carpooled (5.68%)

In 2023, 80.2% of workers in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (11.8%) and those who carpooled to work (5.68%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

23.2 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH have a shorter commute time (23.2 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.6 minutes). Additionally, 1.73% of the workforce in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

9.33% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH (10.6k out of 114k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 55 - 64 and then Males 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH is White, followed by Black and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

95.2% of the population of Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH has health coverage, with 51.1% on employee plans, 14.9% on Medicaid, 17.7% on Medicare, 10.4% on non-group plans, and 1.08% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Ohio see 1292 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.0775% increase from the previous year (1291 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1554 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 329 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

1,292 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Ohio

Primary care physicians in Ohio see an average of 1,292 patients per year. This represents a 0.0775% increase from the previous year (1,291 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Ohio in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2023, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 21.1% under 18 years, 18.3% between 18 and 34 years, 39.3% between 35 and 64 years, and 21.3% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.9% were men and 51.1% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

4.8%

Uninsured

51.1%

Employer Coverage

14.9%

Medicaid

17.7%

Medicare

10.4%

Non-Group

1.08%

Military or VA

Between 2022 and 2023, the percent of uninsured citizens in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH declined by 2.61% from 4.93% to 4.8%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Summit County (South)--Green, Barberton & New Franklin Cities PUMA, OH changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.