Richmond, VA

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Population

220,892

1.9% growth

Median Age

33.5


Median Household Income

$42,356

2.84% growth

Poverty Rate

25.2%


Number of Employees

109,362

1.96% growth

Median Property Value

$209,200

4.97% growth

About

Economy

Health

Diversity

Education

Housing & Living

About

In 2017, Richmond, VA had a population of 221k people with a median age of 33.5 and a median household income of $42,356. Between 2016 and 2017 the population of Richmond, VA grew from 216,773 to 220,892, a 1.9% increase and its median household income grew from $41,187 to $42,356, a 2.84% increase.

The population of Richmond, VA is 47.9% Black or African American Alone, 40% White Alone, and 6.49% Hispanic or Latino. N/A% of the people in Richmond, VA speak a non-English language, and 95.6% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Richmond, VA are Virginia Commonwealth University (7,829 degrees awarded in 2017), University of Richmond (1,362 degrees), and Virginia Union University (324 degrees).

The median property value in Richmond, VA is $209,200, and the homeownership rate is 41.7%. Most people in Richmond, VA commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 20.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Richmond, VA is 2 cars per household.

About the photo: Skyline at Night, Richmond, VA

Photo by Will Fisher

United StatesVirginiaRichmond city, VARichmond, VARichmond City PUMA, VATuckahoe, Short Pump & Wyndham PUMA, VAHighland Springs, East Highland Park & Glen Allen PUMA, VAJames River Region PUMA, VA

Economy

The economy of Richmond, VA employs 109k people. The largest industries in Richmond, VA are Health Care & Social Assistance (16,573 people), Educational Services (12,678 people), and Retail Trade (11,755 people), and the highest paying industries are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($69,583), Utilities ($66,912), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($62,682).

Median household income in Richmond, VA is $42,356. Males in Richmond, VA have an average income that is 1.34 times higher than the average income of females, which is $55,180. The income inequality in Richmond, VA (measured using the Gini index) is 0.478, which is lower than than the national average.

Wages

Median Household Income

$42,356

2017 value

± $832

2.84%

1 Year Growth

± 2.58%

Households in Richmond, VA have a median annual income of $42,356, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $41,187 in 2016, which represents a 2.84% annual growth.

Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Richmond, VA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Virginia.

$74,183

Average Male Salary

± $1,323

$55,180

Average Female Salary

± $1,030

In 2017, full-time male employees in Virginia made 1.34 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Virginia by number of full-time employees.

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Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Virginia.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity

  1. Asian

    $68,169 ± $3,324

  2. White

    $60,529 ± $977

  3. Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander

    $56,661 ± $29,375

In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Virginia workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.13 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Virginia by number of full-time employees.

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Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Richmond, VA is from Virginia.

0.478

2017 Wage GINI

0.477

2016 Wage GINI

In 2017, the income inequality in Virginia was 0.478 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0649% growth from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even.

The 2017 the GINI for Virginia was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Virginia in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Virginia across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Income by Location

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Highest Median Household Income (Total)

  1. Census Tract 506

  2. Census Tract 504

  3. Census Tract 505

In 2017, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Richmond, VA was Census Tract 506 with a value of $221,979, followed by Census Tract 504 and Census Tract 505, with respective values of $127,622 and $98,688.

The following map shows all of the places in Richmond, VA colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 18 - 24

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

25.2% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Richmond, VA (52.9k out of 210k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Females 25 - 34 and then Males 18 - 24.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

  1. Black

    34,872 ± 1,293

  2. White

    13,979 ± 789

  3. Hispanic

    4,017 ± 428

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Richmond, VA is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Occupations

Employment by Occupations

109k

2017 Value

± 2,310

1.96%

1 Year growth

± 2.93%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Richmond, VA grew at a rate of 1.96%, from 107k employees to 109k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Richmond, VA, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (13,497 people), Management Occupations (11,089 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (10,855 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Richmond, VA.

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Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Richmond, VA, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (13,497 people), Management Occupations (11,089 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (10,855 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other places, Richmond, VA has an unusually high number of residents working as Legal Occupations (1.8 times higher than expected), Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, & Media Occupations (1.43 times), and Healthcare Support Occupations (1.34 times).

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Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Richmond, VA, by median earnings, are Legal Occupations ($80,021), Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($74,493), and Computer, Engineering, & Science Occupations ($64,327).

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Industries

Employment by Industries

109k

2017 Value

± 2,310

1.96%

1 Year growth

± 2.93%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Richmond, VA grew at a rate of 1.96%, from 107k employees to 109k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Richmond, VA, are Health Care & Social Assistance (16,573 people), Educational Services (12,678 people), and Retail Trade (11,755 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Richmond, VA, though some of these residents may live in Richmond, VA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Most Common

The most common industries in Richmond, VA, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (16,573 people), Educational Services (12,678 people), and Retail Trade (11,755 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other places, Richmond, VA has an unusually high number of Finance & Insurance (1.32 times higher than expected), Administrative & Support & Waste Management Services (1.28 times), and Educational Services (1.25 times) industries.

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Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Richmond, VA, by median earnings, are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($69,583), Utilities ($66,912), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($62,682).

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Virginia to other states, or from other states to Virginia.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

  1. Mixed freight

    $29.9B

  2. Motorized vehicles

    $27.8B

  3. Electronics

    $26B

In 2015, the top outbound Virginia product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $29.9B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($27.8B) and Electronics ($26B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Virginia products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Virginia state.

$277B

2020 Value

$373B

Projected 2045 Value

34.7% growth

In 2020, total outbound Virginia trade was $277B. This is expected to increase 34.7% to $373B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Virginia trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Virginia to other states, or from other states to Virginia.

Most Common Trade Partners

  1. Maryland

    $25.5B

  2. North Carolina

    $14B

  3. Pennsylvania

    $12.4B

In 2015, the top outbound Virginia domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Maryland with $25.5B, followed by North Carolina with $14B and Pennsylvania and $12.4B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Virginia shares with each state (excluding itself).

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Health

85.1% of the population of Richmond, VA has health coverage, with 42% on employee plans, 19.3% on Medicaid, 9.53% on Medicare, 12.7% on non-group plans, and 1.71% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in the place of Richmond, VA was $7,556 in 2014. This is a 3.42% increase from the previous year ($7,306).

Primary care physicians in Richmond, VA see 1316 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.0759% decrease from the previous year (1317 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1494 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 684 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Mecklenburg County and Halifax County have the highest prevalence of diabetes (15.6%). Additionally, Petersburg city has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (45.3%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

1,316 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio

Primary care physicians in Virginia see an average of 1,316 patients per year. This represents a 0.0759% decrease from the previous year (1,317 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Virginia in comparison to neighboring states.

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Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

  1. West Virginia

    8.26% of the population affected

  2. Arkansas

    8.13% of the population affected

  3. New Hampshire

    7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

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Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

  1. Mississippi

    19.2% of adults

  2. Texas

    17.9% of adults

  3. Louisiana

    17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

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Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Virginia.

$7,556

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care 

$4,218

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,361

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,677

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Virginia (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 3.42%, from $7,306 to $7,556.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

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Health Care Coverage

14.9%

Uninsured

42%

Employer Coverage

19.3%

Medicaid

9.53%

Medicare

12.7%

Non-Group

1.71%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Richmond, VA declined by 5.34% from 15.7% to 14.9%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Richmond, VA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Risks

Data available at the county level.

Most at risk counties

  1. Mecklenburg County

    15.6% prevalence

  2. Halifax County

    15.6% prevalence

  3. Northumberland County

    15.4% prevalence

Mecklenburg County and Halifax County have the highest prevalence of diabetes in Virginia, at 15.6%.

The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Virginia by county over multiple years.

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Diversity

Richmond, VA is home to a population of 221k people, from which 95.6% are citizens. As of 2017, 6.41% of Richmond, VA residents were born outside of the country (14.2k people).

The ethnic composition of the population of Richmond, VA is composed of 106k Black or African American Alone residents (47.9%), 88.3k White Alone residents (40%), 14.3k Hispanic or Latino residents (6.49%), 6.89k Two or More Races residents (3.12%), 4.55k Asian Alone residents (2.06%), 518 Some Other Race Alone residents (0.235%), 356 American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.161%), and 32 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0145%).

Age

Age by Nativity

33

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.2

36

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1.2

In 2017, the median age of all people in Richmond, VA was 33.5. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 33, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 36. But people in Richmond, VA are getting getting older. In 2016, the average age of all Richmond, VA residents was 33.

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Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

6.41%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

14.2k people

6.5%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

14.1k people

As of 2017, 6.41% of Richmond, VA residents (14.2k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Richmond, VA was 6.5%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Richmond, VA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Virginia.

Most Common Origin

  1. El Salvador

    103,545 ± 7,851 people

  2. India

    82,876 ± 7,033 people

  3. Mexico

    56,021 ± 5,792 people

In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Virginia was El Salvador, the natal country of 103,545 Virginia residents, followed by India with 82,876 and Mexico with 56,021.

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Citizenship

95.6%

2017 Citizenship

95.7%

2016 Citizenship

As of 2017, 95.6% of Richmond, VA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2016, the percentage of US citizens in Richmond, VA was 95.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Richmond, VA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

Most Common

  1. Black or African American Alone

    106k ± 757

  2. White Alone

    88.3k ± 190

  3. Hispanic or Latino

    14.3k ± 1.01k

In 2017, there were 1.2 times more Black or African American Alone residents (106k people) in Richmond, VA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 88.3k White Alone and 14.3k Hispanic or Latino residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.

The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Richmond, VA as a share of the total population.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

  1. Vietnam

    3,723 ± 361

  2. Gulf War (2001-)

    2,188 ± 361

  3. Gulf War (1990s)

    2,099 ± 363

Richmond, VA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.7 times greater than any other conflict.

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Education

In 2017, universities in Richmond, VA awarded 9,563 degrees. The student population of Richmond, VA is skewed towards women, with 15,043 male students and 21,489 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Richmond, VA are White (5,242 and 57.5%), followed by Black or African American (1,546 and 17%), Asian (965 and 10.6%), and Hispanic or Latino (613 and 6.72%).

The largest universities in Richmond, VA by number of degrees awarded are Virginia Commonwealth University (7,829 and 81.9%), University of Richmond (1,362 and 14.2%), and Virginia Union University (324 and 3.39%).

The most popular majors in Richmond, VA are General Psychology (649 and 6.79%), General Business (512 and 5.35%), and General Biological Sciences (439 and 4.59%).

The median tuition costs in Richmond, VA are $33,220 for private four year colleges, and $10,972 and $29,824 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

  1. General Business

    330 degrees awarded

  2. General Psychology

    623 degrees awarded

  3. General Biological Sciences

    421 degrees awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Richmond, VA was General Business with 330 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Richmond, VA according to their major.

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Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

  1. Virginia Commonwealth University

    7,829 degrees awarded

  2. University of Richmond

    1,362 degrees awarded

  3. Virginia Union University

    324 degrees awarded

$10,972

Median In-State Public

$33,220

Median Private

In 2017, the Richmond, VA institution with the largest number of graduating students was Virginia Commonwealth University with 7,829 degrees awarded.

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Student Gender for Common Institutions

3,954

Degrees Awarded to Men

5,609

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2017, 3,954 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Richmond, VA, which is 0.705 times less than the 5,609 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the institutions in Richmond, VA by degrees awarded.

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Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

  1. White

    5,242 degrees awarded

  2. Black or African American

    1,546 degrees awarded

  3. Asian

    965 degrees awarded

In 2017 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Richmond, VA were to White students. These 5,242 degrees mean that there were 3.39 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 1,546 degrees awarded.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Richmond, VA was $209,200 in 2017, which is 0.911 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2016 and 2017 the median property value increased from $199,300 to $209,200, a 4.97% increase. The homeownership rate in Richmond, VA is 41.7%, which is lower than the national average of 63.9%. People in Richmond, VA have an average commute time of 20.9 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Richmond, VA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$209,200

2017 Median

± $5,361

$199,300

2016 Median

± $6,329

In 2017, the median property value in Richmond, VA grew to to $209,200 from the previous year's value of $199,300.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Richmond, VA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Richmond, VA the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$42,356

Median Household Income

± $832

89.2k

Number of Households

± 1,881

In 2017, the median household income of the 89.2k households in Richmond, VA grew to $42,356 from the previous year's value of $41,187.

The following chart displays the households in Richmond, VA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

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Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Richmond, VA distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Richmond, VA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

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Rent vs Own

41.7%

2017 Homeownership

41.4%

2016 Homeownership

In 2017, 41.7% of the housing units in Richmond, VA were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 41.4%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Richmond, VA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Commute Time

20.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Richmond, VA have a shorter commute time (20.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.1 minutes). Additionally, 2.2% of the workforce in Richmond, VA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Richmond, VA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

  1. Drove Alone

    70.7%

  2. Carpooled

    10.4%

  3. Walked

    5.73%

In 2017, the most common method of travel for workers in Richmond, VA was Drove Alone (70.7%), followed by those who Carpooled (10.4%) and those who Walked (5.73%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Richmond, VA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Richmond, VA have 2 cars, followed by 1 car.

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