Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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2024 Population

127,544

US Senator

Rick Scott

Republican Party

US Senator

Ashley Moody

Republican Party

2024 Poverty Rate

13.3%

1.43% 1-year increase

2024 Median Household Income

$80,208

5.75% 1-year growth

2024 Median Property Value

$445,400

10.5% 1-year growth

2024 Employed Population

63,596

2.08% 1-year decline

About

23.6% of the households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

93.5% of the residents in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL are Rollins College (802 degrees awarded in 2024), AdventHealth University (477 degrees), and Florida Institute of Recording Sound and Technology (415 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was $445,400, and the homeownership rate was 50.6%.

Most people in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 25.6 minutes. The average car ownership in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was 2 cars per household.

Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL borders Orange County (Northwest) PUMA, FL, Orange County (Central)--Orlando City (East Downtown) & Azalea Park PUMA, FL, Orange County (Central)--Orlando City (West Downtown) & Pine Hills (Southeast) PUMA, FL, Orange County (North Central)--Orlando City (Univ. of Central Florida) & Union Park PUMA, FL, Seminole County (West) PUMA, FL, and Seminole County (South Central) PUMA, FL.

United States Florida

Population & Diversity

Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL is home to a population of 128k people, from which 93.5% are citizens. As of 2024, 15.5% of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL residents were born outside of the country (19.7k people).

In 2024, there were 2.29 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (61.6k people) in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 26.9k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 12.4k Two Races Including Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL are Spanish (18,275 households), Haitian (2,156 households), and Portuguese (921 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

67,476

Women

53%

59,907

Men

47%

The resident population of United States in 2024 was 127,383 inhabitants, with 47% men, and 53% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

93.5%

2024 Citizenship

94.3%

2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 93.5% of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was 94.3%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL

White (Non-Hispanic)
61.6k ± 2.17k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
26.9k ± 3.12k
Two Races Including Other (Hispanic)
12.4k ± 2k

21.6%

Hispanic Population

27.5k people

21.6% of the people in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL are hispanic (27.5k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Haiti
2,016 ± 1,094 people
Venezuela
1,131 ± 822 people
Colombia
1,101 ± 811 people

In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was Haiti, the natal country of 2,016 Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL residents, followed by Venezuela with 1,131 and Colombia with 1,101.

Foreign-Born Population

15.5%

2024 Foreign-Born Population

19.7k people

14.7%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

18.7k people

As of 2024, 15.5% of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL residents (19.7k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was 14.7%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
18,275 households (15.2%)
Haitian
2,156 households (1.79%)
Portuguese
921 households (0.764%)

23.6% of the households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was Spanish. 15.2% of the households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Gulf War (2001-)
1,724 ± 380
Vietnam
1,530 ± 299
Gulf War (1990s)
646 ± 201

Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.13 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL.

Health

88.7% of the population of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL has health coverage, with 47.6% on employee plans, 13.7% on Medicaid, 11.3% on Medicare, 14.9% on non-group plans, and 1.15% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Florida see 1,370 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,370 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1563 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 459 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 47% were men and 53% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Florida.

1,370 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Florida

Primary care physicians in Florida see an average of 1,370 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,370 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Florida in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 21.9% under 18 years, 24.9% between 18 and 34 years, 37.9% between 35 and 64 years, and 15.2% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 47% were men and 53% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

11.3%

Uninsured

47.6%

Employer Coverage

13.7%

Medicaid

11.3%

Medicare

14.9%

Non-Group

1.15%

Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL declined by 5.8% from 11.9% to 11.3%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Economy

The economy of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL employs 63.6k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL were Restaurants & Food Services (4,568 people), Construction (3,952 people), and General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (3,526 people), and the highest paying industries were Miscellaneous nondurable goods merchant wholesalers ($290,341), Software publishers ($289,988), and Professional & commercial equipment & supplies merchant wholesalers ($236,464).

Males in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL have an average income that is 1.67 times higher than the average income of females, which is $70,013. The income inequality in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL (measured using the Gini index) is 0.513, which is higher than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

31,953

Women

50.2%

31,643

Men

49.8%

The workforce of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL in 2024 was 63,596 people, with 50.2% woman, and 49.8% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

63.6k

2024 Value

−2.08%

1 Year decline

± −2.08%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL declined at a rate of −2.08%, from 64.9k employees to 63.6k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL, are Other managers (2,083 people), Customer service representatives (1,479 people), and Lawyers, & judges, magistrates, & other judicial workers (1,390 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Florida.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Florida (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

63.6k

2024 Value

−2.08%

1 Year decline

± −2.08%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL declined at a rate of −2.08%, from 64.9k employees to 63.6k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL, are Restaurants & Food Services (4,568 people), Construction (3,952 people), and General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (3,526 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL, though some of these residents may live in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$56,316

Median earning men ± $3,340

$43,706

Median earning women ± $2,191

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($103,490), Manufacturing ($89,578), and Wholesale Trade ($81,037).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Information ($72,625), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($66,955), and Public Administration ($60,021).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Florida.

Y-Axis

4.23%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 9.69M people employed in Florida. This represents a 4.23% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 12.6%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Florida.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Florida went to Donald J. Trump with 56.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (43%), followed by Jill Stein (0.396%).

Rick Scott and Ashley Moody are the senators currently representing the state of Florida. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Florida is currently represented by 28 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL. Showing the available data for Florida.

2024 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (56.1%)
Republican Party
Kamala Harris (43%)
Democratic Party
Jill Stein (0.396%)
Green Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Florida went to Donald J. Trump with 56.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (43%), followed by Jill Stein (0.396%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Florida for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Florida

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Florida.

Rick Scott

Senator from Florida

Assumed office on January 8, 2019
Inauguration delayed in order to finish his term as Governor of Florida.

Ashley Moody

Senator from Florida

Assumed office on January 21, 2025
While elections for full class 3 terms will take place in 2028, Florida will hold a special election in 2026 to elect a senator to complete the remainder of Marco Rubio's term.

Rick Scott and Ashley Moody are the senators currently representing Florida.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Florida over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

Education

In 2024, universities in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL awarded 2,053 degrees. The student population of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 3,807 male students and 4,928 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL are White (832 and 42.4%), Hispanic or Latino (537 and 27.3%), Black or African American (346 and 17.6%), and Two or More Races (95 and 4.84%).

The largest universities in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL by number of degrees awarded are Rollins College (802 and 39.1%), AdventHealth University (477 and 23.2%), and Florida Institute of Recording Sound and Technology (415 and 20.2%).

The most popular majors in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL are General Business Administration & Management (260 and 12.7%), Recording Arts Technology (157 and 7.65%), and Registered Nursing (155 and 7.55%).

The median tuition cost for private four year colleges is $40,550.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2024 in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL, the percentage of applicants admitted was 47.5%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 13.5%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 8,735 (43.6% men and 56.4% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2024 there were 8,735 students enrolled in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL, 43.6% men and 56.4% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 3,398 records, of which 57.3% were women and 42.7% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
155 degrees awarded
General Business Administration & Management
145 degrees awarded
General Communication
71 degrees awarded

In 2024, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was Registered Nursing with 155 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Rollins College
802 degrees awarded
AdventHealth University
477 degrees awarded
Florida Institute of Recording Sound and Technology
415 degrees awarded

In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Rollins College with 802 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2024, 832 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL, which is 0.681 times less than the 1,221 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 832 degrees mean that there were 1.55 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 537 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($40,550) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($900) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($2,180) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2024, 1.08% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 1.38% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL in 2024 were Bachelors Degree (26.6k), High School or Equivalent (20.4k), and Some college (18k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was $445,400 in 2024, which is 1.34 times larger than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $402,900 to $445,400, a 10.5% increase. The homeownership rate in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL is 50.6%, which is lower than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL have an average commute time of 25.6 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property

$445,400

Median Property Value 2024

±$23,063

$26,593

Median Property Taxes

±$1,278

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

50.6%

Homeownership

2024

63%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2024

In 2024, 50.6% of the housing units in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 49.9%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$80,208

Median Household Income

± $3,478

52.6k

Number of Households

± 2,083

In 2024, the median household income of the 52.6k households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL grew to $80,208 from the previous year's value of $75,847.

The following chart displays the households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Wage Distribution

0.513

2024 Wage GINI in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL

0.512

2023 Wage GINI in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL

In 2024, the income inequality in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was 0.513 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.258% growth from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL was higher than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024

Drove Alone (65.4%)
Worked At Home (22.3%)
Carpooled (7.1%)

In 2024, 65.4% of workers in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (22.3%) and those who carpooled to work (7.1%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

25.6 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL have a shorter commute time (25.6 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 2.2% of the workforce in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

13.3% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL (16.5k out of 124k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Males 25 - 34 and then Females 35 - 44.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Orange County (North Central)--Orlando (North), Winter Park & Maitland Cities PUMA, FL is White, followed by Black and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.