Oakland, CA

Census Place

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2023 Population

438,072

0.0564% 1-year growth

US Senator

Alex Padilla

Democratic Party

US Senator

Adam Schiff

Democratic Party

2023 Median Age

37.6

0.267% 1-year increase

2023 Poverty Rate

13.7%

3.58% 1-year increase

2023 Median Household Income

$97,369

3.16% 1-year growth

2023 Median Property Value

$924,700

4.63% 1-year growth

2023 Employed Population

232,417

0.419% 1-year decline

About

In 2023, Oakland, CA had a population of 438k people with a median age of 37.6 and a median household income of $97,369. Between 2022 and 2023 the population of Oakland, CA grew from 437,825 to 438,072, a 0.0564% increase and its median household income grew from $94,389 to $97,369, a 3.16% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Oakland, CA are White (Non-Hispanic) (27.9%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (20.5%), Other (Hispanic) (18.9%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (15.3%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (5.91%).

None of the households in Oakland, CA reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

86.2% of the residents in Oakland, CA are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Oakland, CA are Merritt College (1,024 degrees awarded in 2022), Laney College (117247) (1,000 degrees), and Samuel Merritt University (964 degrees).

In 2023, the median property value in Oakland, CA was $924,700, and the homeownership rate was 41.7%.

Most people in Oakland, CA drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 30.5 minutes. The average car ownership in Oakland, CA was 2 cars per household.

About the photo: The hills and downtown at sunset from the border of Sibley Volcanic and Huckleberry Preserves.

Photo by Daniel Parks

United States California Alameda County, CA San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA

Population & Diversity

Oakland, CA is home to a population of 438k people, from which 86.2% are citizens. As of 2023, 26.9% of Oakland, CA residents were born outside of the country (118k people).

In 2023, there were 1.36 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (122k people) in Oakland, CA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 90k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 82.7k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

86.2%

2023 Citizenship

86.7%

2022 Citizenship

As of 2023, 86.2% of Oakland, CA residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.4%. In 2022, the percentage of US citizens in Oakland, CA was 86.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Oakland, CA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Oakland, CA

White (Non-Hispanic)
122k ± 3.03k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
90k ± 3k
Other (Hispanic)
82.7k ± 3.47k

28.9%

Hispanic Population

127k people

28.9% of the people in Oakland, CA are hispanic (127k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Oakland, CA as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for California.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
3,899,021 ± 46,015 people
Philippines
824,230 ± 22,055 people
China
685,370 ± 20,148 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of California was Mexico, the natal country of 3,899,021 California residents, followed by Philippines with 824,230 and China with 685,370.

Foreign-Born Population

26.9%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

118k people

26.1%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

114k people

As of 2023, 26.9% of Oakland, CA residents (118k people) were born outside of the United States, which is higher than the national average of 13.8%. In 2022, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Oakland, CA was 26.1%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Oakland, CA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
3,704 ± 451
Gulf War (2001-)
2,386 ± 477
Gulf War (1990s)
1,571 ± 317

Oakland, CA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.55 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Oakland, CA employs 232k people. The largest industries in Oakland, CA are Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services (34,406 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (30,318 people), and Educational Services (22,483 people), and the highest paying industries are Management of Companies & Enterprises ($192,031), Finance & Insurance ($126,274), and Utilities ($124,386).

Males in California have an average income that is 1.26 times higher than the average income of females, which is $75,777. The income inequality in California (measured using the Gini index) is 0.498, which is higher than than the national average.

Employment

Occupations

232k

2023 Value

± 3,826

−0.419%

1 Year decline

± 2.29%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Oakland, CA declined at a rate of −0.419%, from 233k employees to 232k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Oakland, CA, are Management Occupations (33,533 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (19,496 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (18,792 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Oakland, CA.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in California (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

232k

2023 Value

± 3,826

−0.419%

1 Year decline

± 2.29%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Oakland, CA declined at a rate of −0.419%, from 233k employees to 232k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Oakland, CA, are Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services (34,406 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (30,318 people), and Educational Services (22,483 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Oakland, CA, though some of these residents may live in Oakland, CA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$63,972

Median earning men ± $2,900

$58,697

Median earning women ± $1,663

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2023 are Information ($126,786), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($112,805), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($106,514).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2023 are Information ($104,141), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($94,078), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($88,114).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for California.

Y-Axis

2.57%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 17.9M people employed in California. This represents a 2.57% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 14%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in California.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in California went to Kamala Harris with 58.5% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (38.3%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.25%).

Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff are the senators currently representing the state of California. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

California is currently represented by 52 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Oakland, CA. Showing the available data for California.

2024 Election Results

Kamala Harris (58.5%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (38.3%)
Republican Party
Robert Kennedy (1.25%)
Independent Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in California went to Kamala Harris with 58.5% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (38.3%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.25%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in California for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from California

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for California.

Alex Padilla

Senator from California

Assumed office on January 20, 2021
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Kamala Harris, who had become Vice President of the United States.

Adam Schiff

Senator from California

Assumed office on December 8, 2024
Elected to the seat to succeed Laphonza Butler, who had been appointed to the seat following the death of Dianne Feinstein.

Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff are the senators currently representing California.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in California over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from California

California is currently represented by 52 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for California have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Oakland, CA awarded 3,728 degrees. The student population of Oakland, CA in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 8,125 male students and 12,979 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Oakland, CA are Asian (1,016 and 28.6%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (882 and 24.8%), White (690 and 19.4%), and Black or African American (551 and 15.5%).

The largest universities in Oakland, CA by number of degrees awarded are Merritt College (1,024 and 27.5%), Laney College (117247) (1,000 and 26.8%), and Samuel Merritt University (964 and 25.9%).

The most popular majors in Oakland, CA are Registered Nursing (635 and 17%), Child Care Provider (254 and 6.81%), and Liberal Arts & Sciences (224 and 6.01%).

The median tuition cost in Oakland, CA for private four year colleges is $26,977.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2022 in Oakland, CA, the percentage of applicants admitted was 99.9%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 17.6%. The number of students enrolled in 2022 was 21,104 (38.5% men and 61.5% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2022 there were 21,104 students enrolled in Oakland, CA, 38.5% men and 61.5% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in Hispanic or Latino with 5,909 records, of which 60.9% were women and 39.1% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Health Services
130 degrees awarded
Biological & Physical Sciences
115 degrees awarded
General Social Sciences
187 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for Associates Degree recipients in Oakland, CA was General Health Services with 130 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Associates Degree from schools in Oakland, CA according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Merritt College
1,024 degrees awarded
Laney College (117247)
1,000 degrees awarded
Samuel Merritt University
964 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Merritt College with 1,024 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2022, 1,211 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Oakland, CA, which is 0.481 times less than the 2,517 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was Asian students. These 1,016 degrees mean that there were 1.15 times more degrees awarded to Asian students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 882 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($26,977) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2022.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($536) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2022.

Public, 2-year ($1,724) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for California.

Measure

In 2022, 2.08% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 2.26% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for California.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2022 were Some college (6.9M), High School or Equivalent (6.8M), and Bachelors Degree (6.36M).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Oakland, CA was $924,700 in 2023, which is 3.05 times larger than the national average of $303,400. Between 2022 and 2023 the median property value increased from $883,800 to $924,700, a 4.63% increase. The homeownership rate in Oakland, CA is 41.7%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 65%.

People in Oakland, CA have an average commute time of 30.5 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Oakland, CA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Median household income in Oakland, CA is $97,369. In 2023, the place with the highest median household income in Oakland, CA was Census Tract 4001 with a value of $250,001, followed by Census Tract 4047 and Census Tract 4051, with respective values of $250,001 and $250,001.

Housing

Property

$924,700

Median Property Value 2023

±$14,040

$72,232

Median Property Taxes

±$1,800

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Oakland, CA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Oakland, CA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

41.7%

Homeownership

2023

66.3%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2023

In 2023, 41.7% of the housing units in Oakland, CA were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 42.1%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Oakland, CA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 4001
Census Tract 4047
Census Tract 4051

In 2023, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Oakland, CA was Census Tract 4001 with a value of $250,001, followed by Census Tract 4047 and Census Tract 4051, with respective values of $250,001 and $250,001.

The following map shows all of the places in Oakland, CA colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$97,369

Median Household Income

± $2,263

173k

Number of Households

± 3,109

In 2023, the median household income of the 173k households in Oakland, CA grew to $97,369 from the previous year's value of $94,389.

The following chart displays the households in Oakland, CA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Oakland, CA is from California.

0.498

2022 Wage GINI in California

0.497

2021 Wage GINI in California

In 2022, the income inequality in California was 0.498 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.107% growth from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for California was higher than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in California in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in California across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2023

Drove Alone (47.8%)
Worked At Home (23.4%)
Public Transit (14.5%)

In 2023, 47.8% of workers in Oakland, CA drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (23.4%) and those who used public transit to get to work (14.5%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

30.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Oakland, CA have a longer commute time (30.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.6 minutes). Additionally, 3.05% of the workforce in Oakland, CA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Oakland, CA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Oakland, CA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Oakland, CA have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

13.7% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Oakland, CA (59.3k out of 434k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Males 25 - 34.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Oakland, CA is Black, followed by Hispanic and Other.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

94.1% of the population of Oakland, CA has health coverage, with 49.3% on employee plans, 23.8% on Medicaid, 9.22% on Medicare, 11.3% on non-group plans, and 0.502% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Alameda County, CA see 884 patients per year on average, which represents a 2% decrease from the previous year (902 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 993 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 140 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the country level. Showing data for Alameda County, CA.

884 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Alameda County, CA

Primary care physicians in Alameda County, CA see an average of 884 patients per year. This represents a 2% decrease from the previous year (902 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Alameda County, CA in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2023, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 20.4% under 18 years, 24.8% between 18 and 34 years, 40.7% between 35 and 64 years, and 14.1% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.5% were men and 51.5% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

5.91%

Uninsured

49.3%

Employer Coverage

23.8%

Medicaid

9.22%

Medicare

11.3%

Non-Group

0.502%

Military or VA

Between 2022 and 2023, the percent of uninsured citizens in Oakland, CA declined by 1.02% from 5.97% to 5.91%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Oakland, CA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Keep Exploring

California

State

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA