Cleveland, OH

Census Place

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2021 Population

374,861

2.21% 1-year decline

US Senator

Sherrod Brown

Democratic Party

US Senator

J. D. Vance

Republican Party

2021 Median Age

36.2

0.275% 1-year decrease

2021 Poverty Rate

31.4%

1.98% 1-year decrease

2021 Median Household Income

$33,678

5.78% 1-year growth

2021 Median Property Value

$74,700

1.77% 1-year growth

2021 Employed Population

157,510

2.46% 1-year decline

About

In 2021, Cleveland, OH had a population of 375k people with a median age of 36.2 and a median household income of $33,678. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Cleveland, OH declined from 383,331 to 374,861, a −2.21% decrease and its median household income grew from $31,838 to $33,678, a 5.78% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Cleveland, OH are Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (46.7%), White (Non-Hispanic) (34%), White (Hispanic) (4.63%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (4.13%), and Other (Hispanic) (3.43%).

None of the households in Cleveland, OH reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

97% of the residents in Cleveland, OH are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Cleveland, OH are Cuyahoga Community College District (4,371 degrees awarded in 2021), Cleveland State University (4,155 degrees), and Case Western Reserve University (3,885 degrees).

In 2021, the median property value in Cleveland, OH was $74,700, and the homeownership rate was 41.2%.

Most people in Cleveland, OH drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 23.5 minutes. The average car ownership in Cleveland, OH was 1 car per household.

Photo by Erik Drost

United States Ohio Cuyahoga County, OH Cleveland-Elyria, OH

Population & Diversity

Cleveland, OH is home to a population of 375k people, from which 97% are citizens. As of 2021, 5.97% of Cleveland, OH residents were born outside of the country (22.4k people).

In 2021, there were 1.37 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (175k people) in Cleveland, OH than any other race or ethnicity. There were 127k White (Non-Hispanic) and 17.4k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

97%

2021 Citizenship

97%

2020 Citizenship

As of 2021, 97% of Cleveland, OH residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2020, the percentage of US citizens in Cleveland, OH was 97%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Cleveland, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Cleveland, OH

Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
175k ± 2.87k
White (Non-Hispanic)
127k ± 2.69k
White (Hispanic)
17.4k ± 1.41k

12.2%

Hispanic Population

45.8k people

12.2% of the people in Cleveland, OH are hispanic (45.8k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Cleveland, OH as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Ohio.

Most Common Origin

India
66,680 ± 6,322 people
Mexico
44,514 ± 5,170 people
China
34,822 ± 4,575 people

In 2021, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Ohio was India, the natal country of 66,680 Ohio residents, followed by Mexico with 44,514 and China with 34,822.

Foreign-Born Population

5.97%

2021 Foreign-Born Population

22.4k people

6.08%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

23.3k people

As of 2021, 5.97% of Cleveland, OH residents (22.4k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.6%. In 2020, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Cleveland, OH was 6.08%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Cleveland, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
5,792 ± 483
Gulf War (1990s)
2,115 ± 329
Gulf War (2001-)
1,971 ± 291

Cleveland, OH has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.74 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Cleveland, OH employs 158k people. The largest industries in Cleveland, OH are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,725 people), Manufacturing (19,112 people), and Retail Trade (16,162 people), and the highest paying industries are Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($59,468), Utilities ($57,454), and Finance & Insurance ($48,847).

Males in Ohio have an average income that is 1.33 times higher than the average income of females, which is $53,152. The income inequality in Ohio (measured using the Gini index) is 0.456, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Occupations

158k

2021 Value

± 3,183

−2.46%

1 Year decline

± 2.92%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Cleveland, OH declined at a rate of −2.46%, from 161k employees to 158k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Cleveland, OH, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (20,536 people), Production Occupations (12,851 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (12,716 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Cleveland, OH.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Ohio (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

158k

2021 Value

± 3,183

−2.46%

1 Year decline

± 2.92%

From 2020 to 2021, employment in Cleveland, OH declined at a rate of −2.46%, from 161k employees to 158k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Cleveland, OH, are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,725 people), Manufacturing (19,112 people), and Retail Trade (16,162 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Cleveland, OH, though some of these residents may live in Cleveland, OH and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$34,763

Median earning men ± $953

$29,153

Median earning women ± $805

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2021 are Public Administration ($61,527), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($50,814), and Manufacturing ($39,322).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2021 are Public Administration ($42,060), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($41,911), and Information ($40,563).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

Y-Axis

2.75%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 155M people employed in Ohio. This represents a 2.75% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Ohio.

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound Ohio product (by dollars) was Machinery with $56.1B, followed by Mixed freight ($53.3B) and Motorized vehicles ($50B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Ohio products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Ohio.

$651B

2020 Value in Ohio

$1.24T

Projected 2050 Value in Ohio

91% growth

In 2020, total outbound Ohio trade was $651B. This is expected to increase 91% to $1.24T by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Ohio trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.

Most Common Trade Partners

Michigan
$44B
Indiana
$38.3B
Pennsylvania
$30.3B

In 2020, the top outbound Ohio domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Michigan with $44B, followed by Indiana with $38.3B and Pennsylvania and $30.3B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Ohio shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Ohio went to Donald J. Trump with 53.3% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (45.2%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.14%).

Sherrod Brown and J. D. Vance are the senators currently representing the state of Ohio. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Cleveland, OH. Showing the available data for Ohio.

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (53.3%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (45.2%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (1.14%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Ohio went to Donald J. Trump with 53.3% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (45.2%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (1.14%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Ohio for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Ohio

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Sherrod Brown

Senator from Ohio

Assumed office on January 3, 2007

J. D. Vance

Senator from Ohio

Assumed office on January 3, 2023

Sherrod Brown and J. D. Vance are the senators currently representing Ohio.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Ohio over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Ohio

Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Ohio have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2021, universities in Cleveland, OH awarded 12,852 degrees. The student population of Cleveland, OH in 2021 is skewed towards women, with 20,181 male students and 26,266 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Cleveland, OH are White (7,511 and 64.9%), followed by Black or African American (1,584 and 13.7%), Asian (885 and 7.65%), and Hispanic or Latino (804 and 6.95%).

The largest universities in Cleveland, OH by number of degrees awarded are Cuyahoga Community College District (4,371 and 34%), Cleveland State University (4,155 and 32.3%), and Case Western Reserve University (3,885 and 30.2%).

The most popular majors in Cleveland, OH are Liberal Arts & Sciences (2,252 and 17.5%), Registered Nursing (708 and 5.51%), and General Business Administration & Management (530 and 4.12%).

The median tuition costs in Cleveland, OH are $42,530 for private four year colleges, and $11,610 and $16,574 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2021 in Cleveland, OH, the percentage of applicants admitted was 46.2%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 17.2%. The number of students enrolled in 2021 was 46,447 (43.4% men and 56.6% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2021 there were 46,447 students enrolled in Cleveland, OH, 43.4% men and 56.6% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 24,164 records, of which 55.9% were women and 44.1% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Psychology
287 degree-majors awarded
Computer Science
198 degree-majors awarded
Registered Nursing
343 degree-majors awarded

In 2021, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Cleveland, OH was General Psychology with 287 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Cleveland, OH according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Cuyahoga Community College District
4,371 degrees awarded
Cleveland State University
4,155 degrees awarded
Case Western Reserve University
3,885 degrees awarded

In 2021, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Cuyahoga Community College District with 4,371 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2021, 5,412 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Cleveland, OH, which is 0.727 times less than the 7,440 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2021 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 7,511 degrees mean that there were 4.74 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 1,584 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($42,530) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2021.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($2,040) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2021.

Public, 2-year ($1,500) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Measure

In 2021, 0.649% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.641% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2021 were High School or Equivalent (3.04M), Some college (2.01M), and Bachelors Degree (1.59M).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Cleveland, OH was $74,700 in 2021, which is 0.305 times smaller than the national average of $244,900. Between 2020 and 2021 the median property value increased from $73,400 to $74,700, a 1.77% increase. The homeownership rate in Cleveland, OH is 41.2%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 64.6%.

People in Cleveland, OH have an average commute time of 23.5 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Cleveland, OH is lower than the national average, with an average of 1 car per household.

Median household income in Cleveland, OH is $33,678. In 2021, the place with the highest median household income in Cleveland, OH was Census Tract 1231 with a value of $86,786, followed by Census Tract 1236.01 and Census Tract 1071.01, with respective values of $83,705 and $83,167.

Housing

Property

$74,700

Median Property Value 2021

±$1,604

$69,378

Median Property Taxes

±$1,866

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Cleveland, OH the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Cleveland, OH compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

41.2%

Homeownership

2021

61.3%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2021

In 2021, 41.2% of the housing units in Cleveland, OH were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 41.9%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Cleveland, OH compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 1231
Census Tract 1236.01
Census Tract 1071.01

In 2021, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Cleveland, OH was Census Tract 1231 with a value of $86,786, followed by Census Tract 1236.01 and Census Tract 1071.01, with respective values of $83,705 and $83,167.

The following map shows all of the places in Cleveland, OH colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$33,678

Median Household Income

± $740

168k

Number of Households

± 3,034

In 2021, the median household income of the 168k households in Cleveland, OH grew to $33,678 from the previous year's value of $31,838.

The following chart displays the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Cleveland, OH is from Ohio.

0.456

2021 Wage GINI in Ohio

0.457

2020 Wage GINI in Ohio

In 2021, the income inequality in Ohio was 0.456 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0758% decline from 2020 to 2021, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Ohio was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Ohio in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Ohio across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2021

Drove Alone (68.6%)
Carpooled (9.87%)
Public Transit (7.94%)

In 2021, 68.6% of workers in Cleveland, OH drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (9.87%) and those who used public transit to get to work (7.94%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

23.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Cleveland, OH have a shorter commute time (23.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.8 minutes). Additionally, 2.11% of the workforce in Cleveland, OH have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Cleveland, OH compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

1 car

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Cleveland, OH have 1 car.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

31.4% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Cleveland, OH (114k out of 365k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.6%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Males 55 - 64 and then Females 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Cleveland, OH is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

92.5% of the population of Cleveland, OH has health coverage, with 32.3% on employee plans, 41% on Medicaid, 9.51% on Medicare, 8.35% on non-group plans, and 1.34% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Cuyahoga County, OH see 870 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.92% decrease from the previous year (887 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 922 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 228 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the country level. Showing data for Cuyahoga County, OH.

870 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Cuyahoga County, OH

Primary care physicians in Cuyahoga County, OH see an average of 870 patients per year. This represents a 1.92% decrease from the previous year (887 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Cuyahoga County, OH in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2021, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.4% under 18 years, 25% between 18 and 34 years, 37.7% between 35 and 64 years, and 13.9% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 46.9% were men and 53.1% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

7.48%

Uninsured

32.3%

Employer Coverage

41%

Medicaid

9.51%

Medicare

8.35%

Non-Group

1.34%

Military or VA

Between 2020 and 2021, the percent of uninsured citizens in Cleveland, OH grew by 2.75% from 7.28% to 7.48%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Cleveland, OH changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.