Cleveland, OH

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Population

383,781

0.459% decline

Median Age

36.3


Median Household Income

$29,953

3.38% growth

Poverty Rate

35.2%


Number of Employees

161,102

1.19% growth

Median Property Value

$71,100

1.28% growth

About

Economy

Health

Diversity

Education

Housing & Living

About

In 2018, Cleveland, OH had a population of 384k people with a median age of 36.3 and a median household income of $29,953. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Cleveland, OH declined from 385,552 to 383,781, a -0.459% decrease and its median household income grew from $28,974 to $29,953, a 3.38% increase.

The population of Cleveland, OH is 46.6% Black or African American Alone, 34.1% White Alone, and 12.3% Hispanic or Latino. N/A% of the people in Cleveland, OH speak a non-English language, and 97.2% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Cleveland, OH are Cuyahoga Community College District (4,318 degrees awarded in 2017), Cleveland State University (4,193 degrees), and Case Western Reserve University (3,585 degrees).

The median property value in Cleveland, OH is $71,100, and the homeownership rate is 40%. Most people in Cleveland, OH commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 23.5 minutes. The average car ownership in Cleveland, OH is 1 car per household.

Photo by Erik Drost

United StatesOhioCuyahoga County, OHCleveland-Elyria, OH

Economy

The economy of Cleveland, OH employs 161k people. The largest industries in Cleveland, OH are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,098 people), Manufacturing (22,132 people), and Accommodation & Food Services (15,855 people), and the highest paying industries are Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($52,174), Finance & Insurance ($51,347), and Public Administration ($50,967).

Median household income in Cleveland, OH is $29,953. Males in Cleveland, OH have an average income that is 1.34 times higher than the average income of females, which is $48,520. The income inequality in Cleveland, OH (measured using the Gini index) is 0.46, which is lower than than the national average.

Wages

Median Household Income

$29,953

2018 value

± $1,341

3.38%

1 Year Growth

± 6.88%

Households in Cleveland, OH have a median annual income of $29,953, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $28,974 in 2017, which represents a 3.38% annual growth.

Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Cleveland, OH compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Ohio.

$65,155

Average Male Salary

± $1,041

$48,520

Average Female Salary

± $780

In 2018, full-time male employees in Ohio made 1.34 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Ohio by number of full-time employees.

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Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Ohio.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity

  1. Asian

    $61,444 ± $4,429

  2. White

    $51,160 ± $663

  3. Two or More Races

    $36,079 ± $3,030

In 2018 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Ohio workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.2 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Ohio by number of full-time employees.

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Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Cleveland, OH is from Ohio.

0.46

2018 Wage GINI

0.457

2017 Wage GINI

In 2018, the income inequality in Ohio was 0.46 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.704% growth from 2017 to 2018, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even.

The 2018 the GINI for Ohio was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Ohio in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Ohio across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Income by Location

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Highest Median Household Income (Total)

  1. Census Tract 1071.01

  2. Census Tract 1043

  3. Census Tract 1231

In 2017, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Cleveland, OH was Census Tract 1071.01 with a value of $78,750, followed by Census Tract 1043 and Census Tract 1231, with respective values of $77,622 and $66,477.

The following map shows all of the places in Cleveland, OH colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

35.2% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Cleveland, OH (133k out of 378k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 35 - 44.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

  1. Black

    82,429 ± 1,815

  2. White

    37,274 ± 1,289

  3. Hispanic

    15,302 ± 791

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Cleveland, OH is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Occupations

Employment by Occupations

161k

2018 Value

± 6,364

1.19%

1 Year growth

± 5.62%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Cleveland, OH grew at a rate of 1.19%, from 159k employees to 161k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Cleveland, OH, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (18,956 people), Production Occupations (13,787 people), and Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations (13,551 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Cleveland, OH.

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Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Cleveland, OH, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (18,956 people), Production Occupations (13,787 people), and Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations (13,551 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other places, Cleveland, OH has an unusually high number of residents working as Healthcare Support Occupations (2.13 times higher than expected), Production Occupations (1.57 times), and Material Moving Occupations (1.51 times).

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Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Cleveland, OH, by median earnings, are Legal Occupations ($80,671), Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($59,905), and Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($59,138).

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Industries

Employment by Industries

161k

2018 Value

± 6,364

1.19%

1 Year growth

± 5.62%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Cleveland, OH grew at a rate of 1.19%, from 159k employees to 161k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Cleveland, OH, are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,098 people), Manufacturing (22,132 people), and Accommodation & Food Services (15,855 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Cleveland, OH, though some of these residents may live in Cleveland, OH and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Most Common

The most common industries in Cleveland, OH, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,098 people), Manufacturing (22,132 people), and Accommodation & Food Services (15,855 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other places, Cleveland, OH has an unusually high number of Manufacturing (1.41 times higher than expected), Health Care & Social Assistance (1.39 times), and Administrative & Support & Waste Management Services (1.39 times) industries.

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Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Cleveland, OH, by median earnings, are Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($52,174), Finance & Insurance ($51,347), and Public Administration ($50,967).

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

  1. Mixed freight

    $68.6B

  2. Motorized vehicles

    $67.9B

  3. Machinery

    $51B

In 2015, the top outbound Ohio product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $68.6B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($67.9B) and Machinery ($51B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Ohio products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Ohio state.

$675B

2020 Value

$952B

Projected 2045 Value

41.1% growth

In 2020, total outbound Ohio trade was $675B. This is expected to increase 41.1% to $952B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Ohio trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Ohio to other states, or from other states to Ohio.

Most Common Trade Partners

  1. Michigan

    $49.2B

  2. Indiana

    $37.6B

  3. Pennsylvania

    $35.5B

In 2015, the top outbound Ohio domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Michigan with $49.2B, followed by Indiana with $37.6B and Pennsylvania and $35.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Ohio shares with each state (excluding itself).

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Health

93% of the population of Cleveland, OH has health coverage, with 31.8% on employee plans, 42% on Medicaid, 9.61% on Medicare, 8.38% on non-group plans, and 1.18% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in the place of Cleveland, OH was $8,712 in 2014. This is a 5.14% increase from the previous year ($8,286).

Primary care physicians in Cleveland, OH see 1307 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.538% increase from the previous year (1300 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1656 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 561 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Scioto County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (16.8%). Additionally, Hocking County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (40.3%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

1,307 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio

Primary care physicians in Ohio see an average of 1,307 patients per year. This represents a 0.538% increase from the previous year (1,300 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Ohio in comparison to neighboring states.

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Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

  1. West Virginia

    8.26% of the population affected

  2. Arkansas

    8.13% of the population affected

  3. New Hampshire

    7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

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Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

  1. Mississippi

    19.2% of adults

  2. Texas

    17.9% of adults

  3. Louisiana

    17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

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Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

$8,712

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care 

$4,371

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,007

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$11,038

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Ohio (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.14%, from $8,286 to $8,712.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

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Health Care Coverage

7.01%

Uninsured

31.8%

Employer Coverage

42%

Medicaid

9.61%

Medicare

8.38%

Non-Group

1.18%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Cleveland, OH declined by 5.42% from 7.41% to 7.01%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Cleveland, OH changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Risks

Data available at the county level.

Most at risk counties

  1. Scioto County

    16.8% prevalence

  2. Lawrence County

    15.9% prevalence

  3. Vinton County

    15.3% prevalence

Scioto County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Ohio, at 16.8%.

The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Ohio by county over multiple years.

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Diversity

Cleveland, OH is home to a population of 384k people, from which 97.2% are citizens. As of 2017, 5.22% of Cleveland, OH residents were born outside of the country (20.1k people).

The ethnic composition of the population of Cleveland, OH is composed of 179k Black or African American Alone residents (46.6%), 131k White Alone residents (34.1%), 47.1k Hispanic or Latino residents (12.3%), 13.9k Two or More Races residents (3.63%), 10.6k Asian Alone residents (2.76%), 1.55k Some Other Race Alone residents (0.404%), 563 American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.147%), and 64 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0167%).

Age

Age by Nativity

36

Median Native-Born Age

± 1.1

44

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 6.4

In 2018, the median age of all people in Cleveland, OH was 36.3. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 36, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 44. But people in Cleveland, OH are getting getting older. In 2017, the average age of all Cleveland, OH residents was 36.

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Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

5.22%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

20.1k people

4.97%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

19.2k people

As of 2017, 5.22% of Cleveland, OH residents (20.1k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Cleveland, OH was 4.97%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Cleveland, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Ohio.

Most Common Origin

  1. India

    62,221 ± 6,108 people

  2. Mexico

    44,382 ± 5,162 people

  3. China

    35,261 ± 4,603 people

In 2018, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Ohio was India, the natal country of 62,221 Ohio residents, followed by Mexico with 44,382 and China with 35,261.

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Citizenship

97.2%

2018 Citizenship

96.9%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 97.2% of Cleveland, OH residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Cleveland, OH was 96.9%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Cleveland, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

Most Common

  1. Black or African American Alone

    179k ± 6.32k

  2. White Alone

    131k ± 5.83k

  3. Hispanic or Latino

    47.1k ± 4.66k

In 2018, there were 1.37 times more Black or African American Alone residents (179k people) in Cleveland, OH than any other race or ethnicity. There were 131k White Alone and 47.1k Hispanic or Latino residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.

The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Cleveland, OH as a share of the total population.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

  1. Vietnam

    6,672 ± 1,172

  2. Gulf War (2001-)

    2,478 ± 837

  3. Gulf War (1990s)

    1,533 ± 718

Cleveland, OH has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.69 times greater than any other conflict.

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Education

In 2017, universities in Cleveland, OH awarded 13,139 degrees. The student population of Cleveland, OH is skewed towards women, with 24,130 male students and 30,261 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Cleveland, OH are White (7,657 and 65.4%), followed by Black or African American (2,001 and 17.1%), Asian (729 and 6.23%), and Hispanic or Latino (527 and 4.5%).

The largest universities in Cleveland, OH by number of degrees awarded are Cuyahoga Community College District (4,318 and 32.9%), Cleveland State University (4,193 and 31.9%), and Case Western Reserve University (3,585 and 27.3%).

The most popular majors in Cleveland, OH are Liberal Arts & Sciences (1,926 and 14.7%), General Business Administration & Management (618 and 4.7%), and Registered Nursing (464 and 3.53%).

The median tuition costs in Cleveland, OH are $47,074 for private four year colleges, and $9,636 and $13,687 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

  1. Mechanical Engineering

    201 degrees awarded

  2. General Biological Sciences

    165 degrees awarded

  3. General Psychology

    316 degrees awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Cleveland, OH was Mechanical Engineering with 201 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Cleveland, OH according to their major.

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Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

  1. Cuyahoga Community College District

    4,318 degrees awarded

  2. Cleveland State University

    4,193 degrees awarded

  3. Case Western Reserve University

    3,585 degrees awarded

$9,636

Median In-State Public

$47,074

Median Private

In 2017, the Cleveland, OH institution with the largest number of graduating students was Cuyahoga Community College District with 4,318 degrees awarded.

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Student Gender for Common Institutions

5,861

Degrees Awarded to Men

7,278

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2017, 5,861 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Cleveland, OH, which is 0.805 times less than the 7,278 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Cleveland, OH by degrees awarded.

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Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

  1. White

    7,657 degrees awarded

  2. Black or African American

    2,001 degrees awarded

  3. Asian

    729 degrees awarded

In 2017 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Cleveland, OH were to White students. These 7,657 degrees mean that there were 3.83 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 2,001 degrees awarded.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Cleveland, OH was $71,100 in 2018, which is 0.31 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $70,200 to $71,100, a 1.28% increase. The homeownership rate in Cleveland, OH is 40%, which is lower than the national average of 63.9%. People in Cleveland, OH have an average commute time of 23.5 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Cleveland, OH is lower than the national average, with an average of 1 car per household.

Housing

Property Value

$71,100

2018 Median

± $2,624

$70,200

2017 Median

± $2,567

In 2018, the median property value in Cleveland, OH grew to to $71,100 from the previous year's value of $70,200.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Cleveland, OH compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Cleveland, OH the largest share of households have a property value in the $50k - $60k range.

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$29,953

Median Household Income

± $1,341

173k

Number of Households

± 6,402

In 2018, the median household income of the 173k households in Cleveland, OH grew to $29,953 from the previous year's value of $28,974.

The following chart displays the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

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Property Taxes

$800 - $1,499

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Cleveland, OH the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

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Rent vs Own

40%

2018 Homeownership

40.4%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 40% of the housing units in Cleveland, OH were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 40.4%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Cleveland, OH compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Commute Time

23.5 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Cleveland, OH have a shorter commute time (23.5 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.7 minutes). Additionally, 2.64% of the workforce in Cleveland, OH have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Cleveland, OH compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

  1. Drove Alone

    69.9%

  2. Public Transit

    10.3%

  3. Carpooled

    9.79%

In 2018, the most common method of travel for workers in Cleveland, OH was Drove Alone (69.9%), followed by those who Public Transit (10.3%) and those who Carpooled (9.79%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Transportation

Car Ownership

1 car

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Cleveland, OH have 1 car, followed by 2 cars.

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