Cleveland, OH

Census Place

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2023 Population

367,523

0.767% 1-year decline

US Senator

N/ABernie Moreno

Republican Party

US Senator

N/AJon Husted

Republican Party

2023 Median Age

36.3

0% 1-year change

2023 Poverty Rate

30.8%

1.14% 1-year decrease

2023 Median Household Income

$39,187

5.14% 1-year growth

2023 Median Property Value

$94,100

7.67% 1-year growth

2023 Employed Population

158,228

0.346% 1-year growth

About

In 2023, Cleveland, OH had a population of 368k people with a median age of 36.3 and a median household income of $39,187. Between 2022 and 2023 the population of Cleveland, OH declined from 370,365 to 367,523, a −0.767% decrease and its median household income grew from $37,271 to $39,187, a 5.14% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Cleveland, OH are Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (46%), White (Non-Hispanic) (33.8%), Two+ (Hispanic) (4.78%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (4.38%), and Other (Hispanic) (4.01%).

None of the households in Cleveland, OH reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

96.9% of the residents in Cleveland, OH are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Cleveland, OH are Cleveland State University (3,933 degrees awarded in 2022), Case Western Reserve University (3,885 degrees), and Cuyahoga Community College District (3,514 degrees).

In 2023, the median property value in Cleveland, OH was $94,100, and the homeownership rate was 41.2%.

Most people in Cleveland, OH drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 22.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Cleveland, OH was 1 car per household.

Photo by Erik Drost

United States Ohio Cuyahoga County, OH Cleveland-Elyria, OH

Population & Diversity

Cleveland, OH is home to a population of 368k people, from which 96.9% are citizens. As of 2023, 5.9% of Cleveland, OH residents were born outside of the country (21.7k people).

In 2023, there were 1.36 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (169k people) in Cleveland, OH than any other race or ethnicity. There were 124k White (Non-Hispanic) and 17.6k Two+ (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

96.9%

2023 Citizenship

97%

2022 Citizenship

As of 2023, 96.9% of Cleveland, OH residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2022, the percentage of US citizens in Cleveland, OH was 97%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Cleveland, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Cleveland, OH

Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
169k ± 2.93k
White (Non-Hispanic)
124k ± 2.75k
Two+ (Hispanic)
17.6k ± 1.67k

12.8%

Hispanic Population

47.1k people

12.8% of the people in Cleveland, OH are hispanic (47.1k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Cleveland, OH as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Ohio.

Most Common Origin

India
65,962 ± 6,288 people
Mexico
43,233 ± 5,095 people
China
34,193 ± 4,533 people

In 2022, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Ohio was India, the natal country of 65,962 Ohio residents, followed by Mexico with 43,233 and China with 34,193.

Foreign-Born Population

5.9%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

21.7k people

5.67%

2022 Foreign-Born Population

21k people

As of 2023, 5.9% of Cleveland, OH residents (21.7k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.8%. In 2022, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Cleveland, OH was 5.67%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Cleveland, OH compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
5,069 ± 498
Gulf War (2001-)
2,322 ± 374
Gulf War (1990s)
1,886 ± 346

Cleveland, OH has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.18 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

The economy of Cleveland, OH employs 158k people. The largest industries in Cleveland, OH are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,179 people), Manufacturing (18,860 people), and Retail Trade (17,220 people), and the highest paying industries are Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($68,176), Utilities ($66,121), and Finance & Insurance ($57,719).

Males in Ohio have an average income that is 1.32 times higher than the average income of females, which is $57,975. The income inequality in Ohio (measured using the Gini index) is 0.456, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Occupations

158k

2023 Value

± 3,335

0.346%

1 Year growth

± 2.94%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Cleveland, OH grew at a rate of 0.346%, from 158k employees to 158k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Cleveland, OH, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (18,868 people), Sales & Related Occupations (13,023 people), and Production Occupations (12,476 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Cleveland, OH.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for false.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Ohio (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

158k

2023 Value

± 3,335

0.346%

1 Year growth

± 2.94%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Cleveland, OH grew at a rate of 0.346%, from 158k employees to 158k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Cleveland, OH, are Health Care & Social Assistance (31,179 people), Manufacturing (18,860 people), and Retail Trade (17,220 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Cleveland, OH, though some of these residents may live in Cleveland, OH and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$40,131

Median earning men ± $1,115

$34,121

Median earning women ± $993

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2023 are Public Administration ($60,765), Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($60,275), and Information ($58,444).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2023 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($47,435), Public Administration ($46,998), and Information ($41,106).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for N/A.

Y-Axis

N/A%

Year-over-year N/A

Employment change between N/A N/A and N/A N/A

As of N/A N/A, there are N/A people employed in N/A. This represents a N/A% N/A in employment when compared to N/A N/A.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during N/A, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall N/A in employment by N/A%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in N/A.

Civics

Bernie Moreno and Jon Husted are the senators currently representing the state of Ohio. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Ohio

N/ABernie Moreno

Senator from Ohio

Assumed office on January 3, 2025

N/AJon Husted

Senator from Ohio

Assumed office on January 21, 2025
While elections for full class 3 terms will take place in 2028, Ohio will hold a special election in 2026 to elect a senator to complete the remainder of JD Vance's term.

Bernie Moreno and Jon Husted are the senators currently representing Ohio.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Ohio over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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US Representative Elections

US Representatives from Ohio

Ohio is currently represented by 15 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Ohio have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2022, universities in Cleveland, OH awarded 11,908 degrees. The student population of Cleveland, OH in 2022 is skewed towards women, with 19,258 male students and 24,457 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Cleveland, OH are White (6,846 and 64.5%), followed by Black or African American (1,399 and 13.2%), Asian (916 and 8.63%), and Hispanic or Latino (750 and 7.06%).

The largest universities in Cleveland, OH by number of degrees awarded are Cleveland State University (3,933 and 33%), Case Western Reserve University (3,885 and 32.6%), and Cuyahoga Community College District (3,514 and 29.5%).

The most popular majors in Cleveland, OH are Liberal Arts & Sciences (1,322 and 11.1%), Registered Nursing (612 and 5.14%), and General Business Administration & Management (481 and 4.04%).

The median tuition costs in Cleveland, OH are $43,380 for private four year colleges, and $12,144 and $17,359 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2022 in Cleveland, OH, the percentage of applicants admitted was 41.1%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 16.1%. The number of students enrolled in 2022 was 43,715 (44.1% men and 55.9% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2022 there were 43,715 students enrolled in Cleveland, OH, 44.1% men and 55.9% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 22,122 records, of which 55.8% were women and 44.2% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
330 degrees awarded
General Biological Sciences
225 degrees awarded
General Psychology
336 degrees awarded

In 2022, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Cleveland, OH was Registered Nursing with 330 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Cleveland, OH according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Cleveland State University
3,933 degrees awarded
Case Western Reserve University
3,885 degrees awarded
Cuyahoga Community College District
3,514 degrees awarded

In 2022, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Cleveland State University with 3,933 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2022, 5,337 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Cleveland, OH, which is 0.812 times less than the 6,571 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2022 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 6,846 degrees mean that there were 4.89 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 1,399 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($43,380) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2022.

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($2,370) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2022.

Public, 2-year ($1,700) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Measure

In 2022, 0.724% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 0.686% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Ohio.

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population in 2022 were High School or Equivalent (3.05M), Some college (1.98M), and Bachelors Degree (1.63M).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Cleveland, OH was $94,100 in 2023, which is 0.31 times smaller than the national average of $303,400. Between 2022 and 2023 the median property value increased from $87,400 to $94,100, a 7.67% increase. The homeownership rate in Cleveland, OH is 41.2%, which is approximately the same as the national average of 65%.

People in Cleveland, OH have an average commute time of 22.9 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Cleveland, OH is lower than the national average, with an average of 1 car per household.

Median household income in Cleveland, OH is $39,187. In 2023, the place with the highest median household income in Cleveland, OH was Census Tract 1236.01 with a value of $102,153, followed by Census Tract 1231 and Census Tract 1070, with respective values of $97,292 and $94,719.

Housing

Property

$94,100

Median Property Value 2023

±$2,831

$69,432

Median Property Taxes

±$2,054

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Cleveland, OH the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Cleveland, OH compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

41.2%

Homeownership

2023

61.7%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2023

In 2023, 41.2% of the housing units in Cleveland, OH were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 40.9%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Cleveland, OH compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 1236.01
Census Tract 1231
Census Tract 1070

In 2023, the place with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Cleveland, OH was Census Tract 1236.01 with a value of $102,153, followed by Census Tract 1231 and Census Tract 1070, with respective values of $97,292 and $94,719.

The following map shows all of the places in Cleveland, OH colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$39,187

Median Household Income

± $1,026

169k

Number of Households

± 3,300

In 2023, the median household income of the 169k households in Cleveland, OH grew to $39,187 from the previous year's value of $37,271.

The following chart displays the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Cleveland, OH is from Ohio.

0.456

2022 Wage GINI in Ohio

0.456

2021 Wage GINI in Ohio

In 2022, the income inequality in Ohio was 0.456 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.0361% decline from 2021 to 2022, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Ohio was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Ohio in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Ohio across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2023

Drove Alone (65.4%)
Worked At Home (10.1%)
Carpooled (10%)

In 2023, 65.4% of workers in Cleveland, OH drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (10.1%) and those who carpooled to work (10%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

22.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Cleveland, OH have a shorter commute time (22.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.6 minutes). Additionally, 1.93% of the workforce in Cleveland, OH have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Cleveland, OH compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

1 car

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Cleveland, OH distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Cleveland, OH have 1 car.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

30.8% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Cleveland, OH (110k out of 358k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Males 55 - 64 and then Females 55 - 64.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Cleveland, OH is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

92.3% of the population of Cleveland, OH has health coverage, with 31.4% on employee plans, 41.1% on Medicaid, 10% on Medicare, 8.46% on non-group plans, and 1.25% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Cuyahoga County, OH see 858 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.38% decrease from the previous year (870 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 909 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 224 patients per year.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the country level. Showing data for Cuyahoga County, OH.

858 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Cuyahoga County, OH

Primary care physicians in Cuyahoga County, OH see an average of 858 patients per year. This represents a 1.38% decrease from the previous year (870 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Cuyahoga County, OH in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2023, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 22.7% under 18 years, 25.8% between 18 and 34 years, 36.9% between 35 and 64 years, and 14.7% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 46.9% were men and 53.1% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

7.72%

Uninsured

31.4%

Employer Coverage

41.1%

Medicaid

10%

Medicare

8.46%

Non-Group

1.25%

Military or VA

Between 2022 and 2023, the percent of uninsured citizens in Cleveland, OH grew by 3.24% from 7.48% to 7.72%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Cleveland, OH changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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