Clay County, SD

County

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2020 Population

14,076

0.853% 1-year growth

US Senator

John Thune

Republican Party

US Senator

Mike Rounds

Republican Party

US Representative

Dusty Johnson

Republican Party

2020 Median Age

25.2

1.2% 1-year increase

2020 Poverty Rate

20.8%

7.05% 1-year decrease

2020 Median Household Income

$51,447

1.43% 1-year growth

2020 Median Property Value

$168,100

0.119% 1-year decline

2020 Employed Population

7,488

4.49% 1-year decline

About

In 2020, Clay County, SD had a population of 14.1k people with a median age of 25.2 and a median household income of $51,447. Between 2019 and 2020 the population of Clay County, SD grew from 13,957 to 14,076, a 0.853% increase and its median household income grew from $50,724 to $51,447, a 1.43% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Clay County, SD are White (Non-Hispanic) (86.6%), American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) (3.61%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (2.98%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (1.73%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (1.65%).

None of the households in Clay County, SD reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

96.6% of the residents in Clay County, SD are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Clay County, SD are University of South Dakota (2,296 degrees awarded in 2020).

In 2020, the median property value in Clay County, SD was $168,100, and the homeownership rate was 53.8%. Most people in Clay County, SD drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 16 minutes. The average car ownership in Clay County, SD was 2 cars per household.

Clay County, SD borders Cedar County, NE, Dixon County, NE, Lincoln County, SD, Turner County, SD, Union County, SD, and Yankton County, SD.

United States South Dakota Vermillion, SD

Diversity

Clay County, SD is home to a population of 14.1k people, from which 96.6% are citizens. As of 2020, 4.08% of Clay County, SD residents were born outside of the country (574 people).

In 2020, there were 24 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (12.2k people) in Clay County, SD than any other race or ethnicity. There were 508 American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) and 420 Asian (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Clay County, SD

White (Non-Hispanic)
12.2k ± 70
American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic)
508 ± 100
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
420 ± 27

3.07%

Hispanic Population

432 people

3.07% of the people in Clay County, SD are hispanic (432 people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Clay County, SD as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

4.08%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

574 people

4.34%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

606 people

As of 2020, 4.08% of Clay County, SD residents (574 people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.5%. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Clay County, SD was 4.34%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Clay County, SD compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.5

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 2.8

In 2020, the median age of all people in Clay County, SD was 25.2. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 25, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 28. But people in Clay County, SD are getting getting older. In 2019, the average age of all Clay County, SD residents was 25.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for South Dakota.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
3,374 ± 1,423 people
Guatemala
2,573 ± 1,244 people
Ethiopia
2,306 ± 1,177 people

In 2020, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of South Dakota was Mexico, the natal country of 3,374 South Dakota residents, followed by Guatemala with 2,573 and Ethiopia with 2,306.

Citizenship

96.6%

2020 Citizenship

96.7%

2019 Citizenship

As of 2020, 96.6% of Clay County, SD residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2019, the percentage of US citizens in Clay County, SD was 96.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Clay County, SD compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
190 ± 99
Gulf War (2001-)
184 ± 86
Gulf War (1990s)
133 ± 74

Clay County, SD has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.03 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for South Dakota. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in South Dakota, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in South Dakota (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in South Dakota. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in South Dakota.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of South Dakota across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Clay County, SD is $51,447. In 2020, the tract with the highest Median Household Income in Clay County, SD was Census Tract 9658 with a value of $74,310, followed by Census Tract 9657 and Census Tract 9659, with respective values of $64,333 and $34,298.

Males in South Dakota have an average income that is 1.29 times higher than the average income of females, which is $45,104. The income inequality in South Dakota (measured using the Gini index) is 0.43, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Clay County, SD employs 7.49k people. The largest industries in Clay County, SD are Educational Services (1,959 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (1,035 people), and Retail Trade (1,003 people), and the highest paying industries are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($70,250), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting ($70,033), and Utilities ($67,750).

Wages

Median Household Income

$51,447

2020 value

± $7,268

1.43%

1 Year Growth

± 24.7%

Households in Clay County, SD have a median annual income of $51,447, which is less than the median annual income of $64,994 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $50,724 in 2019, which represents a 1.43% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Clay County, SD compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Sex in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for South Dakota.

$57,995

Average Male Salary in South Dakota

± $3,076

$45,104

Average Female Salary in South Dakota

± $2,724

In 2020, full-time male employees in South Dakota made 1.29 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the sex-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in South Dakota by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for South Dakota.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in South Dakota

Asian
$47,345 ± $22,429
White
$46,511 ± $1,967
Other
$34,772 ± $8,729

In 2020 the highest paid race/ethnicity of South Dakota workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.02 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in South Dakota.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in South Dakota by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Clay County, SD is from South Dakota.

0.43

2020 Wage GINI in South Dakota

0.432

2019 Wage GINI in South Dakota

In 2020, the income inequality in South Dakota was 0.43 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.307% decline from 2019 to 2020, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for South Dakota was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in South Dakota in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in South Dakota across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 9658
Census Tract 9657
Census Tract 9659

In 2020, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Clay County, SD was Census Tract 9658 with a value of $74,310, followed by Census Tract 9657 and Census Tract 9659, with respective values of $64,333 and $34,298.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Clay County, SD colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Sex

Females 18 - 24

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

20.8% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Clay County, SD (2.44k out of 11.7k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.8%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Males 18 - 24 and then Females 25 - 34.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
1,800 ± 298
Native American
225 ± 136
Black
150 ± 137

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Clay County, SD is White, followed by Native American and Black.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

7.49k

2020 Value

± 553

−4.49%

1 Year decline

± 10.8%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Clay County, SD declined at a rate of −4.49%, from 7.84k employees to 7.49k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Clay County, SD, are Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (929 people), Management Occupations (802 people), and Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations (782 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Clay County, SD.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Clay County, SD, by number of employees, are Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (929 people), Management Occupations (802 people), and Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations (782 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Clay County, SD has an unusually high number of residents working as Farming, Fishing, & Forestry Occupations (2.58 times higher than expected), Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (2.02 times), and Food Preparation & Serving Related Occupations (1.88 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Clay County, SD, by median earnings, are Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners & Other Technical Occupations ($82,232), Farming, Fishing, & Forestry Occupations ($70,433), and Management Occupations ($56,818).

Industries

Employment by Industries

7.49k

2020 Value

± 553

−4.49%

1 Year decline

± 10.8%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Clay County, SD declined at a rate of −4.49%, from 7.84k employees to 7.49k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Clay County, SD, are Educational Services (1,959 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (1,035 people), and Retail Trade (1,003 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Clay County, SD, though some of these residents may live in Clay County, SD and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Clay County, SD, by number of employees, are Educational Services (1,959 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (1,035 people), and Retail Trade (1,003 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Clay County, SD has an unusually high number of Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting (4.35 times higher than expected), Educational Services (2.81 times), and Information (1.51 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Clay County, SD, by median earnings, are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($70,250), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting ($70,033), and Utilities ($67,750).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from South Dakota to other states, or from other states to South Dakota.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound South Dakota product (by dollars) was Cereal grains with $6.57B, followed by Other ag prods. ($5.64B) and Live animals/fish ($4.81B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound South Dakota products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for South Dakota.

$54.6B

2020 Value in South Dakota

$98.2B

Projected 2050 Value in South Dakota

79.8% growth

In 2020, total outbound South Dakota trade was $54.6B. This is expected to increase 79.8% to $98.2B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound South Dakota trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from South Dakota to other states, or from other states to South Dakota.

Most Common Trade Partners

Minnesota
$7.03B
Iowa
$3.12B
North Dakota
$2.19B

In 2020, the top outbound South Dakota domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Minnesota with $7.03B, followed by Iowa with $3.12B and North Dakota and $2.19B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that South Dakota shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Clay County, SD went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 54.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (43.1%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (2.79%). The most partisan county was Harding County, SD with 92% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

John Thune and Mike Rounds are the senators currently representing the state of South Dakota. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Clay County, SD is currently represented by Dusty Johnson in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2020 Election Results

Joseph R Biden Jr. (54.1%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (43.1%)
Republican Party
Jo Jorgensen (2.79%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Clay County, SD went to Joseph R Biden Jr. with 54.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (43.1%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (2.79%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Clay County, SD for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of South Dakota.

Joseph R Biden Jr.

Popular Vote for Clay County, SD

54.1% for the Democratic Party

Most Partisan Counties in South Dakota

Harding County, SD
92% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Haakon County, SD
90.2% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Oglala Lakota County, SD
88.4% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in South Dakota was Harding County, SD with 92% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in South Dakota colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from South Dakota

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

John Thune

Senator from South Dakota

Assumed office on January 3, 2005

Mike Rounds

Senator from South Dakota

Assumed office on January 3, 2015

John Thune and Mike Rounds are the senators currently representing South Dakota.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in South Dakota over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Clay County, SD

Dusty Johnson

South Dakota at-large Representative

Republican Party

Clay County, SD is currently represented by Dusty Johnson (Republican Party).

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the member for Clay County, SD have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in Clay County, SD awarded 2,296 degrees. The student population of Clay County, SD is skewed towards women, with 3,438 male students and 6,021 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Clay County, SD are White (1,953 and 88.6%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (69 and 3.13%), Two or More Races (61 and 2.77%), and Black or African American (47 and 2.13%).

The largest universities in Clay County, SD by number of degrees awarded are University of South Dakota (2,296 and 100%).

The most popular majors in Clay County, SD are Registered Nursing (238 and 10.4%), General Business Administration & Management (133 and 5.79%), and Kinesiology & Exercise Science (122 and 5.31%).

The median tuition cost in Clay County, SD for a public four year colleges is $7,697 for in-state students and $11,172 for out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

Registered Nursing
238 degree-majorss awarded
General Health Services
97 degree-majorss awarded
Kinesiology & Exercise Science
91 degree-majorss awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Clay County, SD was Registered Nursing with 238 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Clay County, SD according to their major.

Universities

University of South Dakota

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

2,296 degrees awarded

$7,697

Median In-State Public

In 2020, the Clay County, SD institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of South Dakota with 2,296 degrees awarded.

Student Sex for Common Institutions

882

Degrees Awarded to Men

1,414

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2020, 882 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Clay County, SD, which is 0.624 times less than the 1,414 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the sex disparity between the institutions in Clay County, SD by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
1,953 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
69 degrees awarded
Two or More Races
61 degrees awarded

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Clay County, SD was White students. These 1,953 degrees mean that there were 28.3 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 69 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Clay County, SD was $168,100 in 2020, which is 0.732 times smaller than the national average of $229,800. Between 2019 and 2020 the median property value increased from $168,300 to $168,100, a 0.119% decrease. The homeownership rate in Clay County, SD is 53.8%, which is lower than the national average of 64.4%. People in Clay County, SD have an average commute time of 16 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Clay County, SD is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$168,100

2020 Median

± $12,194

$168,300

2019 Median

± $9,988

In 2020, the median property value in Clay County, SD declined from to $168,100 from the previous year's value of $168,300.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Clay County, SD compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Clay County, SD the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$51,447

Median Household Income

± $7,268

5.26k

Number of Households

± 512

In 2020, the median household income of the 5.26k households in Clay County, SD grew to $51,447 from the previous year's value of $50,724.

The following chart displays the households in Clay County, SD distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Clay County, SD distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Clay County, SD the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

53.8%

2020 Homeownership

53.7%

2019 Homeownership

In 2020, 53.8% of the housing units in Clay County, SD were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 53.7%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 64.4%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Clay County, SD compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

16 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Clay County, SD have a shorter commute time (16 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.9 minutes). Additionally, 1.05% of the workforce in Clay County, SD have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Clay County, SD compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2020

Drove Alone (67.3%)
Walked (13.1%)
Carpooled (8.72%)

In 2020, 67.3% of workers in Clay County, SD drove alone to work, followed by those who walked to work (13.1%) and those who carpooled to work (8.72%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Clay County, SD distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Clay County, SD have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

92.8% of the population of Clay County, SD has health coverage, with 57.3% on employee plans, 8.48% on Medicaid, 8.63% on Medicare, 17.1% on non-group plans, and 1.41% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in South Dakota was $8,933 in 2014. This is a 4.52% increase from the previous year ($8,547).

Primary care physicians in Clay County, SD see 2006 patients per year on average, which represents a 29.1% increase from the previous year (1554 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1407 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 2010 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Aurora County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (21.3%). Additionally, Ziebach County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (52.5%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

2,006 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Clay County, SD

Primary care physicians in Clay County, SD see an average of 2,006 patients per year. This represents a 29.1% increase from the previous year (1,554 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Clay County, SD in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Dakota.

$8,933

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in South Dakota

$4,335

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,056

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,315

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in South Dakota (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.52%, from $8,547 to $8,933.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

7.16%

Uninsured

57.3%

Employer Coverage

8.48%

Medicaid

8.63%

Medicare

17.1%

Non-Group

1.41%

Military or VA

Between 2019 and 2020, the percent of uninsured citizens in Clay County, SD grew by 14.5% from 6.25% to 7.16%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Clay County, SD changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.