Clay County, IA

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Population

16,387

0.552% decline

Median Age

42.2


Median Household Income

$48,978

0.184% growth

Poverty Rate

11.8%


Number of Employees

8,247

2.62% decline

Median Property Value

$115,700

3.67% growth

About

Economy

Health

Diversity

Housing & Living

About

In 2017, Clay County, IA had a population of 16.4k people with a median age of 42.2 and a median household income of $48,978. Between 2016 and 2017 the population of Clay County, IA declined from 16,478 to 16,387, a -0.552% decrease and its median household income grew from $48,888 to $48,978, a 0.184% increase.

The population of Clay County, IA is 94% White Alone, 3.31% Hispanic or Latino, and 1.95% Two or More Races. N/A% of the people in Clay County, IA speak a non-English language, and 99.1% are U.S. citizens.

The median property value in Clay County, IA is $115,700, and the homeownership rate is 69.2%. Most people in Clay County, IA commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 15.2 minutes. The average car ownership in Clay County, IA is 2 cars per household.

Photo by Jason Mrachina

United StatesIowaSpencer, IA

Economy

The economy of Clay County, IA employs 8.25k people. The largest industries in Clay County, IA are Health Care & Social Assistance (1,406 people), Retail Trade (1,205 people), and Manufacturing (1,083 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($78,163), Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($60,563), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($53,333).

Median household income in Clay County, IA is $48,978. Males in Clay County, IA have an average income that is 1.34 times higher than the average income of females, which is $44,006. The income inequality in Clay County, IA (measured using the Gini index) is 0.443, which is lower than than the national average.

Wages

Median Household Income

$48,978

2017 value

± $4,257

0.184%

1 Year Growth

± 12.2%

Households in Clay County, IA have a median annual income of $48,978, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $48,888 in 2016, which represents a 0.184% annual growth.

Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Clay County, IA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Iowa.

$58,922

Average Male Salary

± $1,635

$44,006

Average Female Salary

± $1,197

In 2017, full-time male employees in Iowa made 1.34 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Iowa by number of full-time employees.

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Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Iowa.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity

  1. Asian

    $50,374 ± $7,648

  2. White

    $44,731 ± $967

  3. Black

    $32,234 ± $4,518

In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Iowa workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.13 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Iowa by number of full-time employees.

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Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Clay County, IA is from Iowa.

0.443

2017 Wage GINI

0.445

2016 Wage GINI

In 2017, the income inequality in Iowa was 0.443 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.563% decline from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even.

The 2017 the GINI for Iowa was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Iowa in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Iowa across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Income by Location

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Highest Median Household Income (Total)

  1. Census Tract 804

  2. Census Tract 803

  3. Census Tract 801

In 2017, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Clay County, IA was Census Tract 804 with a value of $61,513, followed by Census Tract 803 and Census Tract 801, with respective values of $54,657 and $50,568.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Clay County, IA colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

11.8% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Clay County, IA (1.88k out of 16k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 6 - 11 and then Females 75+.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

  1. White

    1,849 ± 298

  2. Hispanic

    49 ± 87

  3. Two Or More

    23 ± 79

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Clay County, IA is White, followed by Hispanic and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Occupations

Employment by Occupations

8.25k

2017 Value

± 512

-2.62%

1 Year decline

± 9.09%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Clay County, IA declined at a rate of -2.62%, from 8.47k employees to 8.25k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Clay County, IA, are Sales & Related Occupations (1,021 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (995 people), and Management Occupations (956 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Clay County, IA.

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Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Clay County, IA, by number of employees, are Sales & Related Occupations (1,021 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (995 people), and Management Occupations (956 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Clay County, IA has an unusually high number of residents working as Farming, Fishing, & Forestry Occupations (5.24 times higher than expected), Community & Social Service Occupations (1.51 times), and Production Occupations (1.48 times).

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Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Clay County, IA, by median earnings, are Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($77,524), Computer, Engineering, & Science Occupations ($70,556), and Legal Occupations ($53,500).

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Industries

Employment by Industries

8.25k

2017 Value

± 512

-2.62%

1 Year decline

± 9.09%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Clay County, IA declined at a rate of -2.62%, from 8.47k employees to 8.25k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Clay County, IA, are Health Care & Social Assistance (1,406 people), Retail Trade (1,205 people), and Manufacturing (1,083 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Clay County, IA, though some of these residents may live in Clay County, IA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Most Common

The most common industries in Clay County, IA, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (1,406 people), Retail Trade (1,205 people), and Manufacturing (1,083 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Clay County, IA has an unusually high number of Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting (7.69 times higher than expected), Wholesale Trade (1.87 times), and Utilities (1.87 times) industries.

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Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Clay County, IA, by median earnings, are Utilities ($78,163), Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($60,563), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($53,333).

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Iowa to other states, or from other states to Iowa.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

  1. Cereal grains

    $24.8B

  2. Machinery

    $20.9B

  3. Other ag prods.

    $18.7B

In 2015, the top outbound Iowa product (by dollars) was Cereal grains with $24.8B, followed by Machinery ($20.9B) and Other ag prods. ($18.7B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Iowa products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Iowa state.

$265B

2020 Value

$363B

Projected 2045 Value

36.7% growth

In 2020, total outbound Iowa trade was $265B. This is expected to increase 36.7% to $363B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Iowa trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Iowa to other states, or from other states to Iowa.

Most Common Trade Partners

  1. Illinois

    $28.9B

  2. Minnesota

    $17.7B

  3. Nebraska

    $12.5B

In 2015, the top outbound Iowa domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Illinois with $28.9B, followed by Minnesota with $17.7B and Nebraska and $12.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Iowa shares with each state (excluding itself).

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Health

95.6% of the population of Clay County, IA has health coverage, with 47.8% on employee plans, 13.7% on Medicaid, 14.4% on Medicare, 16.8% on non-group plans, and 3.05% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in the county of Clay County, IA was $8,200 in 2014. This is a 5.05% increase from the previous year ($7,806).

Primary care physicians in Clay County, IA see 1501 patients per year on average, which represents a 9.08% increase from the previous year (1376 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1089 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 340 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Appanoose County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (13.3%). Additionally, Union County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (39.4%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,501 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio

Primary care physicians in Clay County, IA see an average of 1,501 patients per year. This represents a 9.08% increase from the previous year (1,376 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Clay County, IA in comparison to neighboring states.

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Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

  1. West Virginia

    8.26% of the population affected

  2. Arkansas

    8.13% of the population affected

  3. New Hampshire

    7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

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Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

  1. Mississippi

    19.2% of adults

  2. Texas

    17.9% of adults

  3. Louisiana

    17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

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Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Iowa.

$8,200

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care 

$4,076

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$6,702

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,317

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Iowa (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.05%, from $7,806 to $8,200.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

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Health Care Coverage

4.36%

Uninsured

47.8%

Employer Coverage

13.7%

Medicaid

14.4%

Medicare

16.8%

Non-Group

3.05%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Clay County, IA declined by 23.5% from 5.7% to 4.36%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Clay County, IA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Risks

Data available at the county level.

Most at risk counties

  1. Appanoose County

    13.3% prevalence

  2. Crawford County

    12.6% prevalence

  3. Harrison County

    12.1% prevalence

Appanoose County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Iowa, at 13.3%.

The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Iowa by county over multiple years.

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Diversity

Clay County, IA is home to a population of 16.4k people, from which 99.1% are citizens. As of 2017, 2.11% of Clay County, IA residents were born outside of the country (346 people).

The ethnic composition of the population of Clay County, IA is composed of 15.4k White Alone residents (94%), 542 Hispanic or Latino residents (3.31%), 319 Two or More Races residents (1.95%), 79 Asian Alone residents (0.482%), 36 Black or African American Alone residents (0.22%), 6 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0366%), 2 American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.0122%), and 2 Some Other Race Alone residents (0.0122%).

Age

Age by Nativity

42

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.8

47

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 22.9

In 2017, the median age of all people in Clay County, IA was 42.2. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 42, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 47. But people in Clay County, IA are getting getting older. In 2016, the average age of all Clay County, IA residents was 42.

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Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

2.11%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

346 people

1.71%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

281 people

As of 2017, 2.11% of Clay County, IA residents (346 people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Clay County, IA was 1.71%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Clay County, IA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Iowa.

Most Common Origin

  1. Mexico

    41,844 ± 4,988 people

  2. China

    10,526 ± 2,515 people

  3. India

    10,455 ± 2,506 people

In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Iowa was Mexico, the natal country of 41,844 Iowa residents, followed by China with 10,526 and India with 10,455.

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Citizenship

99.1%

2017 Citizenship

99%

2016 Citizenship

As of 2017, 99.1% of Clay County, IA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2016, the percentage of US citizens in Clay County, IA was 99%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Clay County, IA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

Most Common

  1. White Alone

    15.4k ± 4

  2. Hispanic or Latino

    542 ± 167

  3. Two or More Races

    319 ± 72.3

In 2017, there were 28.4 times more White Alone residents (15.4k people) in Clay County, IA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 542 Hispanic or Latino and 319 Two or More Races residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.

The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Clay County, IA as a share of the total population.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

  1. Vietnam

    489 ± 113

  2. Korea

    184 ± 56

  3. Gulf War (1990s)

    131 ± 78

Clay County, IA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.66 times greater than any other conflict.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Clay County, IA was $115,700 in 2017, which is 0.504 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2016 and 2017 the median property value increased from $111,600 to $115,700, a 3.67% increase. The homeownership rate in Clay County, IA is 69.2%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Clay County, IA have an average commute time of 15.2 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Clay County, IA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$115,700

2017 Median

± $5,609

$111,600

2016 Median

± $8,639

In 2017, the median property value in Clay County, IA grew to to $115,700 from the previous year's value of $111,600.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Clay County, IA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Clay County, IA the largest share of households have a property value in the $100k - $125k range.

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Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$48,978

Median Household Income

± $4,257

7.26k

Number of Households

± 503

In 2017, the median household income of the 7.26k households in Clay County, IA grew to $48,978 from the previous year's value of $48,888.

The following chart displays the households in Clay County, IA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

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Property Taxes

$800 - $1,499

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Clay County, IA distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Clay County, IA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

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Rent vs Own

69.2%

2017 Homeownership

71.6%

2016 Homeownership

In 2017, 69.2% of the housing units in Clay County, IA were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 71.6%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Clay County, IA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Commute Time

15.2 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Clay County, IA have a shorter commute time (15.2 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.1 minutes). Additionally, 1.19% of the workforce in Clay County, IA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Clay County, IA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

  1. Drove Alone

    77.4%

  2. Carpooled

    11.9%

  3. Worked At Home

    6.62%

In 2017, the most common method of travel for workers in Clay County, IA was Drove Alone (77.4%), followed by those who Carpooled (11.9%) and those who Worked At Home (6.62%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Clay County, IA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Clay County, IA have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.

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