16.6% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Buffalo, IL (80 out of 482 people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Males < 5, followed by Males 25 - 34 and then Females 45 - 54.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Buffalo, IL is White, followed by Black and Native American.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.