Brownsville, TX

Census Place

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2024 Population
189,177
US Senator
John Cornyn
Republican Party
US Senator
Ted Cruz
Republican Party
2024 Median Age
31.2
0.971% 1-year increase
2024 Poverty Rate
23.7%
4.61% 1-year decrease
2024 Median Household Income
$52,130
7.1% 1-year growth
2024 Median Property Value
$139,900
14.3% 1-year growth
2024 Employed Population
79,222
2.01% 1-year growth

About

None of the households in Brownsville, TX reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

83.7% of the residents in Brownsville, TX are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Brownsville, TX are Texas Southmost College (1,109 degrees awarded in 2023), Southern Careers Institute-Brownsville (582 degrees), and South Texas Vocational Technical Institute-Brownsville (217 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Brownsville, TX was $139,900, and the homeownership rate was 61.7%.

Most people in Brownsville, TX drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 21.4 minutes. The average car ownership in Brownsville, TX was 2 cars per household.

United StatesTexasCameron County, TXBrownsville-Harlingen, TXCameron County (East)--Brownsville City (North) PUMA, TXCameron County (South)--Brownsville City (Central) PUMA, TX

Population & Diversity

Brownsville, TX is home to a population of 189k people, from which 83.7% are citizens. As of 2024, 27.5% of Brownsville, TX residents were born outside of the country (52.1k people).

In 2024, there were 2 times more Two Races Including Other (Hispanic) residents (103k people) in Brownsville, TX than any other race or ethnicity. There were 51.6k White (Hispanic) and 20.4k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

83.7%
2024 Citizenship
83.5%
2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 83.7% of Brownsville, TX residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Brownsville, TX was 83.5%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Brownsville, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Brownsville, TX
  1. Two Races Including Other (Hispanic)
    103k ± 3.56k
  2. White (Hispanic)
    51.6k ± 3.2k
  3. Other (Hispanic)
    20.4k ± 2.31k
94%
Hispanic Population
178k people

In 2024, there were 2 times more Two Races Including Other (Hispanic) residents (103k people) in Brownsville, TX than any other race or ethnicity. There were 51.6k White (Hispanic) and 20.4k Other (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

94% of the people in Brownsville, TX are hispanic (178k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Brownsville, TX as a share of the total population.

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Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the Place level, so we are showing data for Texas.
Most Common Origin
  1. Mexico
    2,397,739 ± 36,447 people
  2. India
    325,248 ± 13,925 people
  3. El Salvador
    221,729 ± 11,517 people

In 2023, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Texas was Mexico, the natal country of 2,397,739 Texas residents, followed by India with 325,248 and El Salvador with 221,729.

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Foreign-Born Population

27.5%
2024 Foreign-Born Population
52.1k people
27.2%
2023 Foreign-Born Population
51.2k people

As of 2024, 27.5% of Brownsville, TX residents (52.1k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Brownsville, TX was 27.2%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Brownsville, TX compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period
  1. Gulf War (2001-)
    1,354 ± 318
  2. Vietnam
    976 ± 223
  3. Gulf War (1990s)
    832 ± 254

Brownsville, TX has a large population of military personnel who served in Gulf War (2001-), 1.39 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Brownsville, TX.

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Economy

The economy of Brownsville, TX employs 79.2k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Brownsville, TX were Health Care & Social Assistance (14,086 people), Educational Services (11,047 people), and Retail Trade (9,529 people), and the highest paying industries were Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($100,379), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($83,030), and Management of Companies & Enterprises ($76,964).

Employment

Occupations

79.2k
2024 Value
± 2,667
2.01%
1 Year growth
± 4.67%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Brownsville, TX grew at a rate of 2.01%, from 77.7k employees to 79.2k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Brownsville, TX, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (9,453 people), Sales & Related Occupations (7,976 people), and Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (7,840 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Brownsville, TX.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Texas (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Industries

Employment by Industries

79.2k
2024 Value
± 2,667
2.01%
1 Year growth
± 4.67%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Brownsville, TX grew at a rate of 2.01%, from 77.7k employees to 79.2k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Brownsville, TX, are Health Care & Social Assistance (14,086 people), Educational Services (11,047 people), and Retail Trade (9,529 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Brownsville, TX, though some of these residents may live in Brownsville, TX and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Median Earnings by Industry

$36,622
Median earning men ± $1,699
$27,981
Median earning women ± $1,830

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting, & Mining ($93,778), Public Administration ($57,000), and Manufacturing ($44,393).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Construction ($50,208), Public Administration ($41,129), and Wholesale Trade ($34,653).

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.
Y-Axis
4.59%
Year-over-year growth
Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 13.8M people employed in Texas. This represents a 4.59% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 9.63%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Texas.

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Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Texas went to Donald J. Trump with 56.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (42.5%), followed by Jill Stein (0.726%).

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing the state of Texas. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Texas is currently represented by 38 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Voting results are not available for Brownsville, TX. Showing the available data for Texas.
2024 Election Results
  1. Donald J. Trump (56.1%)
    Republican Party
  2. Kamala Harris (42.5%)
    Democratic Party
  3. Jill Stein (0.726%)
    Green Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Texas went to Donald J. Trump with 56.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (42.5%), followed by Jill Stein (0.726%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Texas for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

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Senator Elections

US Senators from Texas

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Texas.
John Cornyn
Senator from Texas2
Assumed office on December 2, 2002
Phil Gramm resigned (effective November 30, 2002) a few weeks before the expiration of his term in hopes that his successor, fellow Republican John Cornyn, could gain seniority over other newly elected senators. However, Cornyn did not gain additional seniority due to a 1980 Rules Committee policy.
Ted Cruz
Senator from Texas1
Assumed office on January 3, 2013

John Cornyn and Ted Cruz are the senators currently representing Texas.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Texas over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

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Education

In 2023, universities in Brownsville, TX awarded 2,045 degrees. The student population of Brownsville, TX in 2023 is skewed towards women, with 3,925 male students and 5,268 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Brownsville, TX are Hispanic or Latino (1,803 and 88.5%), White (195 and 9.57%), Unknown (16 and 0.785%), and Black or African American (11 and 0.54%).

The largest universities in Brownsville, TX by number of degrees awarded are Texas Southmost College (1,109 and 54.2%), Southern Careers Institute-Brownsville (582 and 28.5%), and South Texas Vocational Technical Institute-Brownsville (217 and 10.6%).

The most popular majors in Brownsville, TX are General Studies (534 and 26.1%), Medical Assistant (240 and 11.7%), and Electrician (202 and 9.88%).

Admissions & Enrollments

Enrollments by Gender and Races

In 2023 there were 9,193 students enrolled in Brownsville, TX, 42.7% men and 57.3% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in Hispanic or Latino with 8,021 records, of which 57.8% were women and 42.2% men.

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Completions

Concentrations

Most Common
  1. General Business
    61 degrees awarded
  2. General Studies
    534 degrees awarded
  3. Criminal Justice - Safety Studies
    100 degrees awarded

In 2023, the most common concentation for Associates Degree recipients in Brownsville, TX was General Business with 61 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Associates Degree from schools in Brownsville, TX according to their major.

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Universities

Gender
Race
Largest Universities by degrees awarded
  1. Texas Southmost College
    1,109 degrees awarded
  2. Southern Careers Institute-Brownsville
    582 degrees awarded
  3. South Texas Vocational Technical Institute-Brownsville
    217 degrees awarded

In 2023, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Texas Southmost College with 1,109 degrees awarded.

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Student Diversity

In 2023, 826 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Brownsville, TX, which is 0.678 times less than the 1,219 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2023, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was Hispanic or Latino students. These 1,803 degrees mean that there were 9.25 times more degrees awarded to Hispanic or Latino students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, White, with 195 degrees awarded.

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Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

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Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Public, 2-year ($1,800) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2023.

Public, 2-year ($1,948) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2023.

Public, 2-year ($1,680) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Brownsville, TX was $139,900 in 2024, which is 0.42 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $122,400 to $139,900, a 14.3% increase. The homeownership rate in Brownsville, TX is 61.7%, which is lower than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Brownsville, TX have an average commute time of 21.4 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Brownsville, TX is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property

$139,900
Median Property Value 2024
±$6,107
$36,909
Median Property Taxes
±$1,606

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Brownsville, TX the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Brownsville, TX compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

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Rent vs Own

61.7%
Homeownership
2024
64.1%
Homeowners with Mortgage
2024

In 2024, 61.7% of the housing units in Brownsville, TX were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 59.9%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Brownsville, TX compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.
$52,130
Median Household Income
± $2,503
59.8k
Number of Households
± 2,184

In 2024, the median household income of the 59.8k households in Brownsville, TX grew to $52,130 from the previous year's value of $48,675.

The following chart displays the households in Brownsville, TX distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

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Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Brownsville, TX is from Texas.
0.475
2023 Wage GINI in Texas
0.476
2022 Wage GINI in Texas

In 2023, the income inequality in Texas was 0.475 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.208% decline from 2022 to 2023, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Texas was lower than than the national average of 0.476. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Texas in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Texas across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024
  1. Drove Alone (74.9%)
  2. Carpooled (13.4%)
  3. Worked At Home (8.42%)

In 2024, 74.9% of workers in Brownsville, TX drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (13.4%) and those who worked at home (8.42%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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Commute Time

21.4 minutes
Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Brownsville, TX have a shorter commute time (21.4 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1% of the workforce in Brownsville, TX have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Brownsville, TX compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Car Ownership

2 cars
Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Brownsville, TX distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Brownsville, TX have 2 cars.

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Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

23.7% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Brownsville, TX (44.4k out of 187k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 35 - 44, followed by Females 6 - 11 and then Males 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Brownsville, TX is Hispanic, followed by Two Or More and White.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Health

73.8% of the population of Brownsville, TX has health coverage, with 30.4% on employee plans, 25.6% on Medicaid, 7.38% on Medicare, 9.47% on non-group plans, and 0.916% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Texas see 1,657 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,657 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1590 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 590 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.5% were men and 51.5% were women.

Coverage

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 30.5% under 18 years, 23.9% between 18 and 34 years, 32.8% between 35 and 64 years, and 12.8% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.5% were men and 51.5% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

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Uninsured People

26.2%
Uninsured
30.4%
Employer Coverage
25.6%
Medicaid
7.38%
Medicare
9.47%
Non-Group
0.916%
Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Brownsville, TX declined by 8.36% from 28.6% to 26.2%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Brownsville, TX changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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