Massachusetts

State

2024 Population

7.04M

US Senator

Elizabeth Warren

Democratic Party

US Senator

Ed Markey

Democratic Party

2024 Poverty Rate

10%

0.567% 1-year increase

2024 Median Household Income

$103,960

2.58% 1-year growth

2024 Median Property Value

$562,100

6.9% 1-year growth

2024 Employed Population

Population & Diversity

Massachusetts is home to a population of 7.04M people, from which 91.7% are citizens.

As of 2024, 18.1% of Massachusetts residents were born outside of the country (1.27M people).

In 2024, there were 9.18 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (4.69M people) in Massachusetts than any other race or ethnicity. There were 511k Asian (Non-Hispanic) and 450k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Massachusetts are Spanish (646,141 households), Portuguese (228,351 households), and Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (145,199 households).

Population & Diversity

Population by Location

Sex

RACE/ETHNICITY

The 3 PUMAS with the highest resident population

In 2024 there were 7,044,056 residents in Massachusetts.

The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) with the highest resident population were Essex County (Central)--Peabody, Danvers & Saugus PUMA, MA (170,467 people), Bristol County (South)--New Bedford, Dartmouth & Westport PUMA, MA (166,101 people), and Essex County (South Coastline)--Salem, Beverly & Gloucester PUMA, MA (165,196 people).

The following map shows all of the states in Massachusetts colored by the resident population.

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

3,601,664

Women

51.1%

3,442,392

Men

48.9%

The resident population of Massachusetts in 2024 was 7,044,056 inhabitants, with 48.9% men, and 51.1% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Massachusetts.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

91.7%

2024 Citizenship

92%

2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 91.7% of Massachusetts residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Massachusetts was 92%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Massachusetts compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Massachusetts

White (Non-Hispanic)
4.69M ± 6.19k
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
511k ± 3.1k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
450k ± 4.64k

13.3%

Hispanic Population

937k people

13.3% of the people in Massachusetts are hispanic (937k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Massachusetts as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Brazil
108,593 ± 8,028 people
Dominican Republic
106,391 ± 7,947 people
China
103,416 ± 7,837 people

In 2024, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Massachusetts was Brazil, the natal country of 108,593 Massachusetts residents, followed by Dominican Republic with 106,391 and China with 103,416.

Foreign-Born Population

18.1%

2024 Foreign-Born Population

1.27M people

17.7%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

1.24M people

As of 2024, 18.1% of Massachusetts residents (1.27M people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Massachusetts was 17.7%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Massachusetts compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Spanish
646,141 households (9.65%)
Portuguese
228,351 households (3.41%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
145,199 households (2.17%)

25.1% of the households in Massachusetts reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Massachusetts was Spanish. 9.65% of the households in Massachusetts reported speaking Spanish at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
83,937 ± 2,077
Gulf War (2001-)
47,873 ± 1,912
Gulf War (1990s)
28,557 ± 1,440

Massachusetts has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.75 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Massachusetts.

Health

97.4% of the population of Massachusetts has health coverage, with 53.5% on employee plans, 18.6% on Medicaid, 11.9% on Medicare, 12.8% on non-group plans, and 0.653% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Massachusetts see 990 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (990 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 915 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 130 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.8% were men and 51.2% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

990 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Massachusetts

Primary care physicians in Massachusetts see an average of 990 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (990 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Massachusetts in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Distance to Health Services by State

Health Service Type

The visualization shows the distribution of addresses by average distance to Maternal Health Services across Massachusetts and neighboring geographies, and the share of addresses within each distance category.

Distance to Health Services by County

Health Service Type

COUNTIES WITH GREATEST AVERAGE DISTANCE TO HEALTH SERVICES Click a county name for facility-level data. Similar data is available for all U.S. counties.

Dukes County, MA
11,119 addresses are approximately 7 miles from the nearest health facility.
Berkshire County, MA
60,583 addresses are approximately 6 miles from the nearest health facility.
Hampshire County, MA
60,046 addresses are approximately 6 miles from the nearest health facility.

The map shows how average distance to Maternal Health Services varies across counties in Massachusetts, indicating county-level differences in access across the state.

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 21% under 18 years, 22.4% between 18 and 34 years, 39% between 35 and 64 years, and 17.5% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.8% were men and 51.2% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

2.58%

Uninsured

53.5%

Employer Coverage

18.6%

Medicaid

11.9%

Medicare

12.8%

Non-Group

0.653%

Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Massachusetts declined by 2.4% from 2.65% to 2.58%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Massachusetts changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Health Indicators

Health Outcomes

Indicator

In 2025, the average number of mentally unhealthy days reported in past 30 days (age-adjusted) was 4.91 in Massachusetts.

The map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Massachusetts and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Massachusetts.

Health Behaviors

Indicator

In 2025, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 27.1% in Massachusetts.

The map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Massachusetts and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Massachusetts.

Clinical Care

Indicator

In 2025, the percentage of population under age 65 without health insurance was 2.87% in Massachusetts.

The map shows the distribution of the indicator in the counties of Massachusetts and the graphic underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Massachusetts.

Economy

The economy of Massachusetts employs 3.53M people. In 2024, the largest industries in Massachusetts were Elementary & secondary schools (226,525 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (217,699 people), and Construction (197,902 people), and the highest paying industries were Prefabricated wood buildings & mobile homes ($272,788), Internet publishing, broadcasting & web search portals ($263,769), and Securities, commodities, funds, trusts & other financial investments ($218,466).

Males in Massachusetts have an average income that is 1.29 times higher than the average income of females, which is $89,101. The income inequality in Massachusetts (measured using the Gini index) is 0.477, which is higher than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

1,739,057

Women

49.3%

1,791,893

Men

50.7%

The workforce of Massachusetts in 2024 was 3,530,950 people, with 49.3% woman, and 50.7% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Massachusetts.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Workforce and Wage by Location

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

In 2024 there were 3,530,950 people working in Massachusetts. The Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMA) that concentrated the largest workforce were Boston City--Back Bay, Beacon Hill, Charlestown, East Boston, Central & South End PUMA, MA (92,587 people), Middlesex County--Woburn, Melrose & Reading PUMA, MA (86,800 people), and Essex County (Central)--Peabody, Danvers & Saugus PUMA, MA (86,144 people).

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Massachusetts colored by workforce or average wage.

With the upper buttons you can see the yearly change and add a filter by race.

Occupations

3.53M

2024 Value

0.795%

1 Year growth

± 0.795%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Massachusetts grew at a rate of 0.795%, from 3.5M employees to 3.53M employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Massachusetts, are Other managers (121,126 people), Registered nurses (83,585 people), and Software developers (76,077 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Massachusetts.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Massachusetts (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

3.53M

2024 Value

0.795%

1 Year growth

± 0.795%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Massachusetts grew at a rate of 0.795%, from 3.5M employees to 3.53M employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Massachusetts, are Elementary & secondary schools (226,525 people), General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (217,699 people), and Construction (197,902 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Massachusetts, though some of these residents may live in Massachusetts and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$71,918

Median earning men ± $504

$53,666

Median earning women ± $413

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($113,897), Information ($104,382), and Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($103,566).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($79,885), Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($74,619), and Public Administration ($74,088).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

Y-Axis

2.61%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 3.67M people employed in Massachusetts. This represents a 2.61% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 17.5%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Massachusetts.

Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments

15,186
Construction
14,260
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
11,774
Other Services (except Public Administration)

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

Depending on the option selected, the visualization shows the number of employees or number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

Payroll by Industry Sector

The industries with the highest total annual payroll

$52.1M
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
$39.7M
Health Care and Social Assistance
$33M
Finance and Insurance

The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Massachusetts to other states, or from other states to Massachusetts.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2024, the top outbound Massachusetts product (by dollars) was Pharmaceuticals with $49.7B, followed by Electronics ($30.6B) and Mixed freight ($29.8B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Massachusetts products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Massachusetts.

$310B

2024 Value in Massachusetts

$627B

Projected 2050 Value in Massachusetts

102% growth

In 2024, total outbound Massachusetts trade was $310B. This is expected to increase 102% to $627B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Massachusetts trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Massachusetts to other states, or from other states to Massachusetts.

Most Common Trade Partners

New York
$30.3B
New Hampshire
$22.8B
Connecticut
$15.5B

In 2024, the top outbound Massachusetts domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New York with $30.3B, followed by New Hampshire with $22.8B and Connecticut and $15.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Massachusetts shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Massachusetts went to Kamala Harris with 61.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (36%), followed by Other (1.48%).

The most partisan county was Suffolk County, MA with 80.2% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey are the senators currently representing the state of Massachusetts. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Massachusetts is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

2024 Election Results

Kamala Harris (61.2%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (36%)
Republican Party
Other (1.48%)
Other Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Massachusetts went to Kamala Harris with 61.2% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (36%), followed by Other (1.48%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Massachusetts for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Kamala Harris

Popular Vote for Massachusetts

61.2% for the Democratic Party

Most Partisan Counties in Massachusetts

Suffolk County, MA
80.2% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Dukes County, MA
77% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)
Berkshire County, MA
72% for Joseph R Biden Jr. (Democratic Party)

In the 2024 presidential election, the most partisan county in Massachusetts was Suffolk County, MA with 80.2% of the vote going to Joseph R Biden Jr. running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in Massachusetts colored by their party leaning.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Massachusetts

Elizabeth Warren

Senator from Massachusetts

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

Ed Markey

Senator from Massachusetts

Assumed office on July 16, 2013
Elected to the seat to succeed Mo Cowan, who had been appointed to the seat following the resignation of John Kerry, who had become Secretary of State.{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/26/us/massachusetts-special-senate-election.html |title=Democrat Wins Special Election for Kerry's Senate Seat |work=The New York Times |date=June 25, 2013 |access-date=May 21, 2020 |last1=Seelye |first1=Katharine Q. }}

Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey are the senators currently representing Massachusetts.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Massachusetts over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

Education

The student population of Massachusetts in 2024 is skewed towards women, with 205,772 male students and 280,154 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Massachusetts are White (66,971 and 57.8%), Hispanic or Latino (14,150 and 12.2%), Asian (13,658 and 11.8%), and Black or African American (9,221 and 7.96%).

The largest universities in Massachusetts by number of degrees awarded are Boston University (13,233 and 9.18%), Northeastern University (11,632 and 8.07%), and Harvard University (11,143 and 7.73%).

The most popular majors in Massachusetts are General Business Administration & Management (10,199 and 7.07%), Computer Science (4,920 and 3.41%), and Registered Nursing (4,556 and 3.16%).

The median tuition costs are $49,352 for private four year colleges, and $1,030 and $8,869 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2024 in Massachusetts, the percentage of applicants admitted was 37.1%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 19.4%. The number of students enrolled in 2024 was 485,926 (42.3% men and 57.7% women).

The map shows the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

The line chart below shows the annual evolution of the indicator by gender.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2024 there were 485,926 students enrolled in Massachusetts, 42.3% men and 57.7% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 214,720 records, of which 58.1% were women and 41.9% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Business Administration & Management
4,108 degrees awarded
General Psychology
3,305 degrees awarded
Computer Science
2,901 degrees awarded

In 2024, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Massachusetts was General Business Administration & Management with 4,108 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Massachusetts according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Boston University
13,233 degrees awarded
Northeastern University
11,632 degrees awarded
Harvard University
11,143 degrees awarded

In 2024, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Boston University with 13,233 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2024, 60,140 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Massachusetts, which is 0.715 times less than the 84,055 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2024, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 66,971 degrees mean that there were 4.73 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 14,150 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Private not-for-profit, 4-year or above ($49,352) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2024.

Public, 4-year or above ($10,596) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2024.

Private for-profit, less-than 2-year ($2,325) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2024, 1.38% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 1.36% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Massachusetts in 2024 were Bachelors Degree (1.39M), High School or Equivalent (1.35M), and Graduate Degree (1.1M).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Massachusetts was $562,100 in 2024, which is 1.69 times larger than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $525,800 to $562,100, a 6.9% increase. The homeownership rate in Massachusetts is 62.5%, which is lower than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Massachusetts have an average commute time of 29.1 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Massachusetts is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

In 2025, 17.3% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Massachusetts. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 1.59%.

Housing

Property

$562,100

Median Property Value 2024

±$2,169

$1.74M

Median Property Taxes

±$9,855

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Massachusetts the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Massachusetts compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

62.5%

Homeownership

2024

61.9%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2024

In 2024, 62.5% of the housing units in Massachusetts were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 62.6%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Massachusetts compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$103,960

Median Household Income

± $527

2.79M

Number of Households

± 12,984

In 2024, the median household income of the 2.79M households in Massachusetts grew to $103,960 from the previous year's value of $101,341.

The following chart displays the households in Massachusetts distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Wage Distribution

0.477

2024 Wage GINI in Massachusetts

0.478

2023 Wage GINI in Massachusetts

In 2024, the income inequality in Massachusetts was 0.477 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.306% decline from 2023 to 2024, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Massachusetts was higher than than the national average of 0.474. In other words, wages are distributed less evenly in Massachusetts in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Massachusetts across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024

Drove Alone (61.2%)
Worked At Home (18.6%)
Carpooled (6.96%)

In 2024, 61.2% of workers in Massachusetts drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (18.6%) and those who carpooled to work (6.96%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

29.1 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Massachusetts have a longer commute time (29.1 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 3.08% of the workforce in Massachusetts have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Massachusetts compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Massachusetts distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Massachusetts have 2 cars.

Poverty

Severe Housing Problems

In 2025, 17.3% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Massachusetts. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 1.59%.

The map show the severe housing problems rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

Poverty & Diversity

10% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Massachusetts (685k out of 6.82M people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 18 - 24.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Massachusetts is White, followed by Hispanic and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Children in Poverty

In 2025, 12.7% of the children was living in poverty in Massachusetts. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 2.7%.

The map show the children in poverty rate in the counties of California. The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the percentage of children in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798, followed by New York (5,087).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Security

Crimes & Accidents

Indicator

In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 384 in Massachusetts. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator declined 67.3% per 100,000 population.

The following map shows the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

The graph underneath the paragraph shows the trend of the indicator in Massachusetts.

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