Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

Add Comparison

2024 Population

169,194

US Senator

Gary Peters

Democratic Party

US Senator

Elissa Slotkin

Democratic Party

2024 Median Age

34.2

1.18% 1-year increase

2024 Poverty Rate

23.5%

2.56% 1-year increase

2024 Median Household Income

$62,687

1.48% 1-year decline

2024 Median Property Value

$207,900

6.67% 1-year growth

2023 Employed Population

64,500

0.237% 1-year decline

About

49.5% of the households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

92.8% of the residents in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI are Henry Ford College (3,946 degrees awarded in 2023) and University of Michigan-Dearborn (2,359 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was $207,900, and the homeownership rate was 69.2%.

Most people in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 22.6 minutes. The average car ownership in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was 2 cars per household.

Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI borders Wayne County (North Central)--Livonia City & Redford Charter Township PUMA, MI, Wayne County (Central)--Westland, Garden City, Inkster & Wayne Cities PUMA, MI, Wayne County (Southwest) PUMA, MI, Wayne County (Southeast)--Downriver Area (North) PUMA, MI, Detroit City (Northwest) PUMA, MI, and Detroit City (Southwest) PUMA, MI.

United States Michigan

Population & Diversity

Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI is home to a population of 169k people, from which 92.8% are citizens. As of 2024, 28% of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI residents were born outside of the country (47.3k people).

In 2024, there were 14.3 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (143k people) in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI than any other race or ethnicity. There were 9.99k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 5.26k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common non-English languages spoken as the primary language in households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI are Arabic (67,870 households), Spanish (3,091 households), and Ukrainian or Other Slavic Languages (922 households).

Population & Diversity

Residents by Gender and Age

RACE/ETHNICITY

85,914

Women

50.6%

83,998

Men

49.4%

The resident population of United States in 2023 was 169,912 inhabitants, with 49.4% men, and 50.6% women.

The visualization shows the distribution of the residents by gender and age in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI.

With the upper buttons you can add a filter by race.

Citizenship

92.8%

2024 Citizenship

92.7%

2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 92.8% of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI residents were US citizens, which is lower than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was 92.7%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI

White (Non-Hispanic)
143k ± 2k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
9.99k ± 1.31k
Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
5.26k ± 1.05k

3.71%

Hispanic Population

6.27k people

3.71% of the people in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI are hispanic (6.27k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Lebanon
16,260 ± 2,977 people
Yemen
10,308 ± 2,416 people
Iraq
5,771 ± 1,833 people

In 2023, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was Lebanon, the natal country of 16,260 Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI residents, followed by Yemen with 10,308 and Iraq with 5,771.

Foreign-Born Population

28%

2024 Foreign-Born Population

47.3k people

27.1%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

46k people

As of 2024, 28% of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI residents (47.3k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was 27.1%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Non-English Households

Most Common Non-English Languages

Arabic
67,870 households (43.3%)
Spanish
3,091 households (1.97%)
Ukrainian or Other Slavic Languages
922 households (0.588%)

49.5% of the households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language, which is higher than the national average of 22.3%. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

In 2024, the most common non-English language spoken in households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was Arabic. 43.3% of the households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI reported speaking Arabic at home as the primary shared language between all members living in the household.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
1,616 ± 304
Gulf War (2001-)
825 ± 238
Gulf War (1990s)
536 ± 193

Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.96 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI.

Economy

The economy of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI employs 64.5k people. In 2023, the largest industries in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI were Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment manufacturing (6,356 people), Restaurants & Food Services (4,452 people), and General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (4,086 people), and the highest paying industries were Legal services ($143,904), Other professional, scientific & technical services ($131,995), and Management, scientific & technical consulting services ($106,427).

Males in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI have an average income that is 1.19 times higher than the average income of females, which is $62,042. The income inequality in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI (measured using the Gini index) is 0.469, which is lower than than the national average.

Employment

Workforce Diversity

Measure

RACE/ETHNICITY

28,891

Women

44.8%

35,609

Men

55.2%

The workforce of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI in 2023 was 64,500 people, with 44.8% woman, and 55.2% men.

The visualization shows the distribution of the workforce by gender and age in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI.

With the upper buttons you can see the distribution of the average salary and add a filter by race.

Occupations

64.5k

2023 Value

−0.237%

1 Year decline

± −0.237%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI declined at a rate of −0.237%, from 64.7k employees to 64.5k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI, are Driver/sales workers & truck drivers (2,858 people), Cashiers (1,884 people), and Registered nurses (1,614 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Michigan.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Michigan (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

64.5k

2023 Value

−0.237%

1 Year decline

± −0.237%

From 2022 to 2023, employment in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI declined at a rate of −0.237%, from 64.7k employees to 64.5k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI, are Motor vehicles & motor vehicle equipment manufacturing (6,356 people), Restaurants & Food Services (4,452 people), and General medical and surgical hospitals, and specialty (except psychiatric and substance abuse) hospitals (4,086 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI, though some of these residents may live in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$45,277

Median earning men ± $2,181

$38,418

Median earning women ± $2,618

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Manufacturing ($68,619), Professional, Scientific, & Management, & Administrative & Waste Management Services ($68,125), and Public Administration ($63,387).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Manufacturing ($66,135), Construction ($65,222), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($63,980).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Michigan.

Y-Axis

2.16%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 4.37M people employed in Michigan. This represents a 2.16% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 23.6%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Michigan.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Michigan went to Donald J. Trump with 49.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (48.3%), followed by Jill Stein (0.788%).

Gary Peters and Elissa Slotkin are the senators currently representing the state of Michigan. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Michigan is currently represented by 13 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI. Showing the available data for Michigan.

2024 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (49.7%)
Republican Party
Kamala Harris (48.3%)
Democratic Party
Jill Stein (0.788%)
Green Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Michigan went to Donald J. Trump with 49.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Kamala Harris (48.3%), followed by Jill Stein (0.788%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Michigan for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Michigan

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Michigan.

Gary Peters

Senator from Michigan

Assumed office on January 3, 2015

Elissa Slotkin

Senator from Michigan

Assumed office on January 3, 2025

Gary Peters and Elissa Slotkin are the senators currently representing Michigan.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Michigan over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

Education

In 2023, universities in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI awarded 6,305 degrees. The student population of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI in 2023 is skewed towards women, with 9,294 male students and 9,980 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI are White (3,853 and 66%), Unknown (630 and 10.8%), Black or African American (554 and 9.48%), and Asian (311 and 5.32%).

The largest universities in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI by number of degrees awarded are Henry Ford College (3,946 and 62.6%) and University of Michigan-Dearborn (2,359 and 37.4%).

The most popular majors in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI are General Studies (1,902 and 30.2%), General Business Administration & Management (299 and 4.74%), and Liberal Arts & Sciences (268 and 4.25%).

The median tuition cost in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI for a public four year colleges is $9,600 for in-state students and $18,852 for out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2023 in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI, the percentage of applicants admitted was 58.6%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 15.9%. The number of students enrolled in 2023 was 19,274 (48.2% men and 51.8% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2023 there were 19,274 students enrolled in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI, 48.2% men and 51.8% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 11,094 records, of which 51.1% were women and 48.9% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Studies
1,718 degrees awarded
Teacher Assistant & Aides
50 degrees awarded
Emergency Medical Technician (EMT Paramedic)
15 degrees awarded

In 2023, the most common concentation for 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was General Studies with 1,718 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a 1 to 2 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Henry Ford College
3,946 degrees awarded
University of Michigan-Dearborn
2,359 degrees awarded

In 2023, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Henry Ford College with 3,946 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2023, 2,812 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI, which is 0.805 times less than the 3,493 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2023, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 3,853 degrees mean that there were 6.12 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Unknown, with 630 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Public, 4-year or above ($9,600) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2023.

Public, 4-year or above ($598) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2023.

Public, 4-year or above ($1,490) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Working Population

Educational Pyramid

Measure

In 2023, 1.53% of men over 25 years of age had not completed any academic degree (no schooling), while 2.53% of women were in the same situation.

This visualization shows the gender distribution of the population according to the academic level reached.

Educational Attainment

Race

The most common educational levels obtained by the working population of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI in 2023 were High School or Equivalent (31.5k), Some college (27.8k), and Secondary Education (22.7k).

This visualization illustrates the percentage distribution of the population according to the highest educational level reached. You can filter the data by race by using the selector above.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was $207,900 in 2024, which is 0.625 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $194,900 to $207,900, a 6.67% increase. The homeownership rate in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI is 69.2%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI have an average commute time of 22.6 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property

$207,900

Median Property Value 2024

±$4,164

$40,768

Median Property Taxes

±$1,654

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

69.2%

Homeownership

2024

60.1%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2024

In 2024, 69.2% of the housing units in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 69.5%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$62,687

Median Household Income

± $3,377

58.9k

Number of Households

± 1,929

In 2024, the median household income of the 58.9k households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI declined from $62,687 from the previous year's value of $63,631.

The following chart displays the households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

0.469

2023 Wage GINI in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI

0.466

2022 Wage GINI in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI

In 2023, the income inequality in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was 0.469 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.669% growth from 2022 to 2023, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI was lower than than the national average of 0.476. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024

Drove Alone (74.5%)
Worked At Home (12.9%)
Carpooled (10.1%)

In 2024, 74.5% of workers in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (12.9%) and those who carpooled to work (10.1%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

22.6 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI have a shorter commute time (22.6 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1.38% of the workforce in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI have 2 cars.

Poverty

Poverty & Diversity

23.5% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI (39.5k out of 168k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 35 - 44, followed by Males 6 - 11 and then Females 6 - 11.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI is White, followed by Two Or More and Black.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Health

94.2% of the population of Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI has health coverage, with 34.2% on employee plans, 38.7% on Medicaid, 9.6% on Medicare, 11.4% on non-group plans, and 0.335% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Michigan see 1,276 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,276 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1246 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 281 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.5% were men and 50.5% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Michigan.

1,276 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Michigan

Primary care physicians in Michigan see an average of 1,276 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (1,276 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Michigan in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 28.9% under 18 years, 22.4% between 18 and 34 years, 34.4% between 35 and 64 years, and 14.3% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 49.5% were men and 50.5% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

5.76%

Uninsured

34.2%

Employer Coverage

38.7%

Medicaid

9.6%

Medicare

11.4%

Non-Group

0.335%

Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI grew by 6.58% from 5.4% to 5.76%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Wayne County (Central)--Dearborn & Dearborn Heights Cities PUMA, MI changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.