Thomas County, GA

County

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2019 Population

44,630

0.224% 1-year decline

US Senator

Jon Ossoff

Democratic Party

US Senator

Raphael Warnock

Democratic Party

2019 Median Age

40.4

0.248% 1-year increase

2019 Poverty Rate

19.2%

7.94% 1-year decrease

2019 Median Household Income

$43,740

9.04% 1-year growth

2019 Median Property Value

$146,800

9.72% 1-year growth

2019 Employed Population

19,498

4.57% 1-year growth

About

In 2019, Thomas County, GA had a population of 44.6k people with a median age of 40.4 and a median household income of $43,740. Between 2018 and 2019 the population of Thomas County, GA declined from 44,730 to 44,630, a −0.224% decrease and its median household income grew from $40,112 to $43,740, a 9.04% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Thomas County, GA are White (Non-Hispanic) (57.6%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (36.2%), White (Hispanic) (2.36%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.09%), and Other (Hispanic) (0.89%). 0% of the households in Thomas County, GA speak a non-English language at home as their primary language.

98.1% of the residents in Thomas County, GA are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Thomas County, GA are Southern Regional Technical College (1,986 degrees awarded in 2019) and Thomas University (456 degrees).

In 2019, the median property value in Thomas County, GA was $146,800, and the homeownership rate was 61.2%. Most people in Thomas County, GA drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 19.2 minutes. The average car ownership in Thomas County, GA was 2 cars per household.

Thomas County, GA borders Jefferson County, FL, Leon County, FL, Brooks County, GA, Colquitt County, GA, Grady County, GA, and Mitchell County, GA.

United States Georgia Thomasville, GA

Diversity

Thomas County, GA is home to a population of 44.6k people, from which 98.1% are citizens. As of 2019, 7.65% of Thomas County, GA residents were born outside of the country (3.41k people).

In 2019, there were 1.59 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (25.7k people) in Thomas County, GA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 16.2k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 1.05k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Thomas County, GA

White (Non-Hispanic)
25.7k ± 16
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
16.2k ± 347
White (Hispanic)
1.05k ± 268

3.71%

Hispanic Population

1.66k people

3.71% of the people in Thomas County, GA are hispanic (1.66k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Thomas County, GA as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

7.65%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

3.41k people

2.3%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

1.03k people

As of 2019, 7.65% of Thomas County, GA residents (3.41k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 34%. In 2018, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Thomas County, GA was 2.3%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Thomas County, GA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.7

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 2.9

In 2019, the median age of all people in Thomas County, GA was 40.4. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 41, were generally older than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 34. But people in Thomas County, GA are getting getting older. In 2018, the average age of all Thomas County, GA residents was 40.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Georgia.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
246,708 ± 12,049 people
India
94,981 ± 7,532 people
Korea
42,867 ± 5,073 people

In 2019, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Georgia was Mexico, the natal country of 246,708 Georgia residents, followed by India with 94,981 and Korea with 42,867.

Citizenship

98.1%

2019 Citizenship

98.3%

2018 Citizenship

As of 2019, 98.1% of Thomas County, GA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2018, the percentage of US citizens in Thomas County, GA was 98.3%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Thomas County, GA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
825 ± 166
Gulf War (2001-)
689 ± 199
Gulf War (1990s)
256 ± 93

Thomas County, GA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.2 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for Georgia. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Georgia, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Georgia.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Georgia (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Georgia.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in Georgia. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Georgia.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Georgia.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Georgia across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Thomas County, GA is $43,740. In 2019, the tract with the highest median household income in Thomas County, GA was Census Tract 9610 with a value of $58,810, followed by Census Tract 9605 and Census Tract 9609, with respective values of $53,000 and $48,185.

Males in Georgia have an average income that is 1.36 times higher than the average income of females, which is $49,410. The income inequality in Georgia (measured using the Gini index) is 0.477, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Thomas County, GA employs 19.5k people. The largest industries in Thomas County, GA are Health Care & Social Assistance (3,344 people), Educational Services (2,075 people), and Retail Trade (1,974 people), and the highest paying industries are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($60,250), Finance & Insurance ($52,857), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($49,219).

Wages

Median Household Income

$43,740

2019 value

± $3,427

9.04%

1 Year Growth

± 8.71%

Households in Thomas County, GA have a median annual income of $43,740, which is less than the median annual income of $65,712 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $40,112 in 2018, which represents a 9.04% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Thomas County, GA compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Georgia.

$67,215

Average Male Salary in Georgia

± $1,246

$49,410

Average Female Salary in Georgia

± $863

In 2019, full-time male employees in Georgia made 1.36 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Georgia by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Georgia.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Georgia

Asian
$64,371 ± $3,992
White
$58,053 ± $1,010
Two or More Races
$45,559 ± $4,644

In 2019 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Georgia workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.11 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Georgia.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Georgia by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Thomas County, GA is from Georgia.

0.477

2019 Wage GINI in Georgia

0.478

2018 Wage GINI in Georgia

In 2019, the income inequality in Georgia was 0.477 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.199% decline from 2018 to 2019, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Georgia was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Georgia in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Georgia across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 9610
Census Tract 9605
Census Tract 9609

In 2019, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Thomas County, GA was Census Tract 9610 with a value of $58,810, followed by Census Tract 9605 and Census Tract 9609, with respective values of $53,000 and $48,185.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Thomas County, GA colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

19.2% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Thomas County, GA (8.41k out of 43.8k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.3%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 55 - 64 and then Males < 5.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

Black
4,675 ± 538
White
3,198 ± 396
Hispanic
488 ± 169

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Thomas County, GA is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

19.5k

2019 Value

± 1,056

4.57%

1 Year growth

± 7.3%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Thomas County, GA grew at a rate of 4.57%, from 18.6k employees to 19.5k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Thomas County, GA, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (2,462 people), Management Occupations (2,070 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (1,973 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Thomas County, GA.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Thomas County, GA, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (2,462 people), Management Occupations (2,070 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (1,973 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Thomas County, GA has an unusually high number of residents working as Farming, Fishing, & Forestry Occupations (2.25 times higher than expected), Health Technologists & Technicians (1.5 times), and Installation, Maintenance, & Repair Occupations (1.22 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Thomas County, GA, by median earnings, are Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($91,667), Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners & Other Technical Occupations ($67,232), and Life, Physical, & Social Science Occupations ($65,045).

Industries

Employment by Industries

19.5k

2019 Value

± 1,056

4.57%

1 Year growth

± 7.3%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Thomas County, GA grew at a rate of 4.57%, from 18.6k employees to 19.5k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Thomas County, GA, are Health Care & Social Assistance (3,344 people), Educational Services (2,075 people), and Retail Trade (1,974 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Thomas County, GA, though some of these residents may live in Thomas County, GA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Thomas County, GA, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (3,344 people), Educational Services (2,075 people), and Retail Trade (1,974 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Thomas County, GA has an unusually high number of Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting (2.66 times higher than expected), Public Administration (1.35 times), and Health Care & Social Assistance (1.24 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Thomas County, GA, by median earnings, are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($60,250), Finance & Insurance ($52,857), and Finance & Insurance, & Real Estate & Rental & Leasing ($49,219).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Georgia to other states, or from other states to Georgia.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2018, the top outbound Georgia product (by dollars) was Motorized vehicles with $64B, followed by Mixed freight ($52.9B) and Electronics ($50.2B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Georgia products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Georgia.

$573B

2018 Value in Georgia

$1.16T

Projected 2045 Value in Georgia

103% growth

In 2018, total outbound Georgia trade was $573B. This is expected to increase 103% to $1.16T by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Georgia trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Georgia to other states, or from other states to Georgia.

Most Common Trade Partners

Florida
$44.2B
South Carolina
$27.4B
Alabama
$27.4B

In 2018, the top outbound Georgia domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Florida with $44.2B, followed by South Carolina with $27.4B and Alabama and $27.4B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Georgia shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Thomas County, GA went to Donald J. Trump with 59.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (38%), followed by Other (2.3%). The most partisan county was Glascock County, GA with 88.8% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock are the senators currently representing the state of Georgia. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Georgia is currently represented by 14 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (59.7%)
Republican Party
Hillary Rodham Clinton (38%)
Democratic Party
Other (2.3%)
Other Party

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Georgia went to Donald J. Trump with 59.7% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (38%), followed by Other (2.3%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Georgia for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of Georgia.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for Thomas County, GA

59.7% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in Georgia

Glascock County, GA
88.8% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Brantley County, GA
88.4% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Banks County, GA
87.9% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in Georgia was Glascock County, GA with 88.8% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in Georgia colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Georgia

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Georgia.

Jon Ossoff

Senator from Georgia

Assumed office on January 20, 2021

Raphael Warnock

Senator from Georgia

Assumed office on January 20, 2021
Elected to the seat to succeed Kelly Loeffler, who had been appointed to the seat following Johnny Isakson's resignation.

Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock are the senators currently representing Georgia.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Georgia over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Georgia

Georgia is currently represented by 14 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Georgia have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2019, universities in Thomas County, GA awarded 2,442 degrees. The student population of Thomas County, GA is skewed towards women, with 2,138 male students and 4,363 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Thomas County, GA are White (1,289 and 53%), followed by Black or African American (746 and 30.7%), Hispanic or Latino (210 and 8.64%), and Unknown (154 and 6.34%).

The largest universities in Thomas County, GA by number of degrees awarded are Southern Regional Technical College (1,986 and 81.3%) and Thomas University (456 and 18.7%).

The most popular majors in Thomas County, GA are General Cosmetology (166 and 6.8%), Emergency Medical Technician (EMT Paramedic) (155 and 6.35%), and Nursing Assistant & Patient Care Assistant (151 and 6.18%).

The median tuition cost in Thomas County, GA for private four year colleges is $15,940.

Concentrations

Most Common

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT Paramedic)
132 degree-majorss awarded
General Cosmetology
118 degree-majorss awarded
Nursing Assistant & Patient Care Assistant
151 degree-majorss awarded

In 2019, the most common concentation for < 1 Year Postsecondary Certificate recipients in Thomas County, GA was Emergency Medical Technician (EMT Paramedic) with 132 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a < 1 Year Postsecondary Certificate from schools in Thomas County, GA according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Southern Regional Technical College
1,986 degrees awarded
Thomas University
456 degrees awarded

$15,940

Median Private

In 2019, the Thomas County, GA institution with the largest number of graduating students was Southern Regional Technical College with 1,986 degrees awarded.

Student Gender for Common Institutions

944

Degrees Awarded to Men

1,498

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2019, 944 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Thomas County, GA, which is 0.63 times less than the 1,498 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the institutions in Thomas County, GA by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
1,289 degrees awarded
Black or African American
746 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
210 degrees awarded

In 2019 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Thomas County, GA was White students. These 1,289 degrees mean that there were 1.73 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 746 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Thomas County, GA was $146,800 in 2019, which is 0.61 times smaller than the national average of $240,500. Between 2018 and 2019 the median property value increased from $133,800 to $146,800, a 9.72% increase. The homeownership rate in Thomas County, GA is 61.2%, which is lower than the national average of 64.1%. People in Thomas County, GA have an average commute time of 19.2 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Thomas County, GA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$146,800

2019 Median

± $8,528

$133,800

2018 Median

± $7,284

In 2019, the median property value in Thomas County, GA grew to to $146,800 from the previous year's value of $133,800.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Thomas County, GA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Thomas County, GA the largest share of households have a property value in the $150k - $175k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$43,740

Median Household Income

± $3,427

17.6k

Number of Households

± 966

In 2019, the median household income of the 17.6k households in Thomas County, GA grew to $43,740 from the previous year's value of $40,112.

The following chart displays the households in Thomas County, GA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Property Taxes

< $800

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Thomas County, GA distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Thomas County, GA the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

Rent vs Own

61.2%

2019 Homeownership

63.2%

2018 Homeownership

In 2019, 61.2% of the housing units in Thomas County, GA were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 63.2%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 64.1%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Thomas County, GA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

19.2 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Thomas County, GA have a shorter commute time (19.2 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.5 minutes). Additionally, 1.61% of the workforce in Thomas County, GA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Thomas County, GA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2019

Drove Alone (79.8%)
Carpooled (15.3%)
Worked At Home (2.37%)

In 2019, 79.8% of workers in Thomas County, GA drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (15.3%) and those who worked at home (2.37%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Thomas County, GA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Thomas County, GA have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

85.1% of the population of Thomas County, GA has health coverage, with 39.2% on employee plans, 19.7% on Medicaid, 12.4% on Medicare, 10.6% on non-group plans, and 3.21% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Georgia was $6,587 in 2014. This is a 5.41% increase from the previous year ($6,249).

Primary care physicians in Thomas County, GA see 1058 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.63% increase from the previous year (1041 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2223 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 445 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Telfair County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (25.8%). Additionally, Candler County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (53.7%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,058 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Thomas County, GA

Primary care physicians in Thomas County, GA see an average of 1,058 patients per year. This represents a 1.63% increase from the previous year (1,041 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Thomas County, GA in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Georgia.

$6,587

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Georgia

$4,406

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$5,199

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$10,429

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Georgia (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 5.41%, from $6,249 to $6,587.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

14.9%

Uninsured

39.2%

Employer Coverage

19.7%

Medicaid

12.4%

Medicare

10.6%

Non-Group

3.21%

Military or VA

Between 2018 and 2019, the percent of uninsured citizens in Thomas County, GA declined by 5.5% from 15.8% to 14.9%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Thomas County, GA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.