Springfield City PUMA, MA

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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Population

154,596

0.011% 1-year decline

US Senator

Elizabeth Warren

Democratic Party

US Senator

Ed Markey

Democratic Party

Median Age

Poverty Rate

28.6%

Median Household Income

$36,730

1.05% 1-year decline

Median Property Value

$152,400

2.56% 1-year growth

Number of Employees

59,107

3.03% 1-year growth

About

In 2018, Springfield City PUMA, MA had a population of 155k people with a median age of 33 and a median household income of $36,730. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Springfield City PUMA, MA declined from 154,613 to 154,596, a -0.011% decrease and its median household income declined from $37,118 to $36,730, a -1.05% decrease.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Springfield City PUMA, MA are White (Non-Hispanic) (31.7%), White (Hispanic) (30.9%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (18.6%), Other (Hispanic) (8.91%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.41%). 38.9% of the people in Springfield City PUMA, MA speak a non-English language, and 95.1% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA are American International College (1,131 degrees awarded in 2017), Western New England University (1,110 degrees), and Springfield Technical Community College (1,077 degrees).

The median property value in Springfield City PUMA, MA is $152,400, and the homeownership rate is 45.8%. Most people in Springfield City PUMA, MA commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 20.7 minutes. The average car ownership in Springfield City PUMA, MA is 2 cars per household.

Springfield City PUMA, MA borders Westfield & Holyoke Cities PUMA, MA and Chicopee City PUMA, MA.

United States Massachusetts

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for Massachusetts. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Massachusetts, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Impact on Employment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Massachusetts (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Massachusetts across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Massachusetts went to Hillary Rodham Clinton with 59.1% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (32.3%), followed by Gary Johnson (4.08%). The most partisan county was Suffolk County, MA with 79.6% of the vote going to Hillary Rodham Clinton running for the Democratic Party.

Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey are the senators currently representing the state of Massachusetts. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Massachusetts is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Springfield City PUMA, MA. Showing the available data for Massachusetts.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Hillary Rodham Clinton (59.1%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (32.3%)
Republican Party
Gary Johnson (4.08%)
Libertarian Party

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Massachusetts for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of Massachusetts.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Hillary Rodham Clinton

Popular Vote for Massachusetts

59.1% for the Democratic Party

Most Partisan Counties in Massachusetts

Suffolk County, MA
79.6% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)
Dukes County, MA
73% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)
Berkshire County, MA
67.5% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in Massachusetts was Suffolk County, MA with 79.6% of the vote going to Hillary Rodham Clinton running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in Massachusetts colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Massachusetts

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

Elizabeth Warren

Senator from Massachusetts

Assumed office on January 3, 2013

Ed Markey

Senator from Massachusetts

Assumed office on July 16, 2013
Elected to the seat to succeed Mo Cowan, who had been appointed to replace John Kerry, who had become Secretary of State.

Elizabeth Warren and Ed Markey are the senators currently representing Massachusetts.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Massachusetts over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Massachusetts

Massachusetts is currently represented by 9 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Massachusetts have changed over time starting in 2008.

Diversity

Springfield City PUMA, MA is home to a population of 155k people, from which 95.1% are citizens. As of 2018, 9.77% of Springfield City PUMA, MA residents were born outside of the country (15.1k people).

In 2018, there were 1.03 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (49.1k people) in Springfield City PUMA, MA than any other race or ethnicity. There were 47.8k White (Hispanic) and 28.7k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common foreign languages spoken in Springfield City PUMA, MA are Spanish (48,194 speakers), Vietnamese (1,227 speakers), and Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese) (684 speakers).

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Springfield City PUMA, MA

White (Non-Hispanic)
49.1k ± 1.22k
White (Hispanic)
47.8k ± 2.2k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
28.7k ± 972

44.7%

Hispanic Population

69.1k people

44.7% of the people in Springfield City PUMA, MA are hispanic (69.1k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Springfield City PUMA, MA as a share of the total population.

Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

Spanish
48,194 speakers (33.3%)
Vietnamese
1,227 speakers (0.849%)
Chinese (Incl. Mandarin, Cantonese)
684 speakers (0.473%)

38.9% of Springfield City PUMA, MA citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is higher than the national average of 21.9%. In 2018, the most common non-English language spoken in Springfield City PUMA, MA was Spanish. 33.3% of the overall population of Springfield City PUMA, MA are native Spanish speakers. 0.849% speak Vietnamese and 0.473% speak Spanish, the next two most common languages.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

9.77%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

15.1k people

10.1%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

15.6k people

As of 2018, 9.77% of Springfield City PUMA, MA residents (15.1k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Springfield City PUMA, MA was 10.1%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Springfield City PUMA, MA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.6

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1.7

In 2018, the median age of all people in Springfield City PUMA, MA was 33. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 31, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 44. But people in Springfield City PUMA, MA are getting getting older. In 2017, the average age of all Springfield City PUMA, MA residents was 33.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Dominican Republic
2,953 ± 1,321 people
Jamaica
1,933 ± 1,073 people
Guatemala
1,095 ± 810 people

In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Springfield City PUMA, MA was Dominican Republic, the natal country of 2,953 Springfield City PUMA, MA residents, followed by Jamaica with 1,933 and Guatemala with 1,095.

Citizenship

95.1%

2018 Citizenship

95.4%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 95.1% of Springfield City PUMA, MA residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Springfield City PUMA, MA was 95.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Springfield City PUMA, MA compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
1,851 ± 259
Gulf War (2001-)
900 ± 214
Gulf War (1990s)
724 ± 193

Springfield City PUMA, MA has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 2.06 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

Median household income in Springfield City PUMA, MA is $36,730. In 2018, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Springfield City PUMA, MA was Norfolk (Northeast) & Middlesex (Southeast) Counties (West of Boston City) PUMA, MA with a value of $181,737, followed by Newton City & Brookline Town PUMA, MA and Middlesex (West Central) & Worcester (East) Counties PUMA, MA, with respective values of $125,976 and $125,183.

Males in Springfield City PUMA, MA have an average income that is 1.08 times higher than the average income of females, which is $43,170. The income inequality in Springfield City PUMA, MA (measured using the Gini index) is 0.419, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Springfield City PUMA, MA employs 59.1k people. The largest industries in Springfield City PUMA, MA are Restaurants & Food Services (3,986 people), Hospitals (3,525 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,473 people), and the highest paying industries are Legal services ($94,581), Aerospace products & parts manufacturing ($89,074), and Electric power generation, transmission & distribution ($87,730).

Wages

Median Household Income

$36,730

2018 value

± $1,186

-1.05%

1 Year Growth

± 4.83%

Households in Springfield City PUMA, MA have a median annual income of $36,730, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $37,118 in 2017, which represents a -1.05% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Springfield City PUMA, MA compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

$46,751

Average Male Salary in Springfield City PUMA, MA

± $6,283

$43,170

Average Female Salary in Springfield City PUMA, MA

± $6,038

In 2017, full-time male employees in Springfield City PUMA, MA made 1.08 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Springfield City PUMA, MA by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Springfield City PUMA, MA

Asian
$41,705 ± $19,626
White
$38,457 ± $4,912
Black
$35,373 ± $6,442

In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Springfield City PUMA, MA workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.08 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Springfield City PUMA, MA.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Springfield City PUMA, MA by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

0.419

2017 Wage GINI in Springfield City PUMA, MA

0.42

2016 Wage GINI in Springfield City PUMA, MA

In 2017, the income inequality in Springfield City PUMA, MA was 0.419 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.295% decline from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Springfield City PUMA, MA was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Springfield City PUMA, MA in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Springfield City PUMA, MA across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2018, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Springfield City PUMA, MA was Norfolk (Northeast) & Middlesex (Southeast) Counties (West of Boston City) PUMA, MA with a value of $181,737, followed by Newton City & Brookline Town PUMA, MA and Middlesex (West Central) & Worcester (East) Counties PUMA, MA, with respective values of $125,976 and $125,183.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Springfield City PUMA, MA colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

28.6% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Springfield City PUMA, MA (42.8k out of 149k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Males 6 - 11.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

Hispanic
29,523 ± 1,289
White
25,590 ± 1,264
Other
7,014 ± 720

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Springfield City PUMA, MA is Hispanic, followed by White and Other.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

59.1k

2017 Value

3.03%

1 Year growth

± 3.03%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Springfield City PUMA, MA grew at a rate of 3.03%, from 57.4k employees to 59.1k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Springfield City PUMA, MA, are Nursing, psychiatric, & home health aides (3,397 people), Personal care aides (1,994 people), and Cashiers (1,883 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Springfield City PUMA, MA.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Springfield City PUMA, MA, by number of employees, are Nursing, psychiatric, & home health aides (3,397 people), Personal care aides (1,994 people), and Cashiers (1,883 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other PUMAs, Springfield City PUMA, MA has an unusually high number of residents working as Residential advisors (8 times higher than expected), Postal service clerks (5.77 times), and Social & human service assistants (5.18 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Springfield City PUMA, MA, by average salary, are Chief executives & legislators ($129,901), Physicians & surgeons ($111,594), and Lawyers, & judges, magistrates, & other judicial workers ($111,202).

Industries

Employment by Industries

59.1k

2017 Value

3.03%

1 Year growth

± 3.03%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Springfield City PUMA, MA grew at a rate of 3.03%, from 57.4k employees to 59.1k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Springfield City PUMA, MA, are Restaurants & Food Services (3,986 people), Hospitals (3,525 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,473 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Springfield City PUMA, MA, though some of these residents may live in Springfield City PUMA, MA and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Springfield City PUMA, MA, by number of employees, are Restaurants & Food Services (3,986 people), Hospitals (3,525 people), and Elementary & secondary schools (3,473 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other PUMAs, Springfield City PUMA, MA has an unusually high number of Ordnance (32.5 times higher than expected), Cutlery & hand tool manufacturing (6.21 times), and Coating, engraving, heat treating & allied activities (5.86 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Springfield City PUMA, MA, by average salary, are Legal services ($94,581), Aerospace products & parts manufacturing ($89,074), and Electric power generation, transmission & distribution ($87,730).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Massachusetts to other states, or from other states to Massachusetts.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

Gasoline
$31.5B
Mixed freight
$27.2B
Electronics
$24.1B

In 2015, the top outbound Massachusetts product (by dollars) was Gasoline with $31.5B, followed by Mixed freight ($27.2B) and Electronics ($24.1B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Massachusetts products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Massachusetts.

$240B

2015 Value in Massachusetts

$364B

Projected 2045 Value in Massachusetts

51.4% growth

In 2015, total outbound Massachusetts trade was $240B. This is expected to increase 51.4% to $364B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Massachusetts trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Massachusetts to other states, or from other states to Massachusetts.

Most Common Trade Partners

New Hampshire
$13.2B
New York
$13.2B
Connecticut
$12.7B

In 2015, the top outbound Massachusetts domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New Hampshire with $13.2B, followed by New York with $13.2B and Connecticut and $12.7B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Massachusetts shares with each state (excluding itself).

Education

In 2017, universities in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA awarded 5,146 degrees. The student population of Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA is skewed towards women, with 7,011 male students and 9,888 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA are White (3,168 and 62.7%), followed by Black or African American (753 and 14.9%), Hispanic or Latino (633 and 12.5%), and Unknown (276 and 5.46%).

The largest universities in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA by number of degrees awarded are American International College (1,131 and 22%), Western New England University (1,110 and 21.6%), and Springfield Technical Community College (1,077 and 20.9%).

The most popular majors in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA are Community Organization & Advocacy (389 and 7.56%), Liberal Arts & Sciences (255 and 4.96%), and Education of Individuals Who are Developmentally Delayed (184 and 3.58%).

The median tuition costs in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA are $33,904 for private four year colleges, and $N/A and $N/A respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

Community Organization & Advocacy
389 degree-majorss awarded
General Psychology
86 degree-majorss awarded
Registered Nursing
86 degree-majorss awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA was Community Organization & Advocacy with 389 degree-majorss awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

American International College
1,131 degrees awarded
Western New England University
1,110 degrees awarded
Springfield Technical Community College
1,077 degrees awarded

$N/A

Median In-State Public

$33,904

Median Private

In 2017, the Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA institution with the largest number of graduating students was American International College with 1,131 degrees awarded.

Student Gender for Common Institutions

1,928

Degrees Awarded to Men

3,218

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2017, 1,928 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA, which is 0.599 times less than the 3,218 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
3,168 degrees awarded
Black or African American
753 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
633 degrees awarded

In 2017 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Hampden County (Central)--Springfield City PUMA, MA were to White students. These 3,168 degrees mean that there were 4.21 times more White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 753 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Springfield City PUMA, MA was $152,400 in 2018, which is 0.663 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $148,600 to $152,400, a 2.56% increase. The homeownership rate in Springfield City PUMA, MA is 45.8%, which is lower than the national average of 63.9%. People in Springfield City PUMA, MA have an average commute time of 20.7 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Springfield City PUMA, MA is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$152,400

2018 Median

± $2,007

$148,600

2017 Median

± $1,978

In 2018, the median property value in Springfield City PUMA, MA grew to to $152,400 from the previous year's value of $148,600.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Springfield City PUMA, MA compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Springfield City PUMA, MA the largest share of households have a property value in the N/A range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$36,730

Median Household Income

± $1,186

56.5k

Number of Households

± 1,616

In 2018, the median household income of the 56.5k households in Springfield City PUMA, MA declined from $36,730 from the previous year's value of $37,118.

The following chart displays the households in Springfield City PUMA, MA distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

Property Taxes

$2k - $3k

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Springfield City PUMA, MA distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Springfield City PUMA, MA the largest share of households pay taxes in the $2k - $3k range.

Rent vs Own

45.8%

2018 Homeownership

46.7%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 45.8% of the housing units in Springfield City PUMA, MA were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 46.7%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Springfield City PUMA, MA compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

20.7 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Springfield City PUMA, MA have a shorter commute time (20.7 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.3 minutes). Additionally, 1.15% of the workforce in Springfield City PUMA, MA have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Springfield City PUMA, MA compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

Drove Alone
74.4%
Carpooled
10.9%
Walked
5.23%

In 2018, the most common method of travel for workers in Springfield City PUMA, MA was Drove Alone (74.4%), followed by those who Carpooled (10.9%) and those who Walked (5.23%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Springfield City PUMA, MA distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Springfield City PUMA, MA have 2 cars, followed by 1 car.

Health

96% of the population of Springfield City PUMA, MA has health coverage, with 31.4% on employee plans, 47% on Medicaid, 7.01% on Medicare, 10% on non-group plans, and 0.695% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Massachusetts was $10,559 in 2014. This is a 2.78% increase from the previous year ($10,273).

Primary care physicians in Massachusetts see 954 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.421% increase from the previous year (950 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1010 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 185 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Bristol County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (11.4%). Additionally, Bristol County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (29.1%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

954 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Massachusetts

Primary care physicians in Massachusetts see an average of 954 patients per year. This represents a 0.421% increase from the previous year (950 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Massachusetts in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Massachusetts.

$10,559

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Massachusetts

$5,302

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$8,922

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$11,899

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Massachusetts (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 2.78%, from $10,273 to $10,559.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

3.96%

Uninsured

31.4%

Employer Coverage

47%

Medicaid

7.01%

Medicare

10%

Non-Group

0.695%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2018, the percent of uninsured citizens in Springfield City PUMA, MA declined by 20.9% from 5.01% to 3.96%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Springfield City PUMA, MA changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.