Selma, AL

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Population

40,755

1.62% decline

Median Age

39.3


Median Household Income

$30,065

6.86% growth

Poverty Rate

31.9%


Number of Employees

14,461

0.57% growth

Median Property Value

$80,800

0.247% decline

About

Economy

Health

Diversity

Education

Housing & Living

About

In 2017, Selma, AL had a population of 40.8k people with a median age of 39.3 and a median household income of $30,065. Between 2016 and 2017 the population of Selma, AL declined from 41,426 to 40,755, a -1.62% decrease and its median household income grew from $28,136 to $30,065, a 6.86% increase.

The population of Selma, AL is 70.2% Black or African American Alone, 27.7% White Alone, and 1% Hispanic or Latino. N/A% of the people in Selma, AL speak a non-English language, and 99% are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Selma, AL are George C Wallace State Community College-Selma (401 degrees awarded in 2016), Concordia College Alabama (70 degrees), and Selma University (29 degrees).

The median property value in Selma, AL is $80,800, and the homeownership rate is 59.2%. Most people in Selma, AL commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 21.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Selma, AL is 2 cars per household.

Selma, AL borders Montgomery, AL and Birmingham-Hoover, AL.

About the photo: Birmingham, AL

Photo by Trish Hartmann

United StatesAlabama

Economy

The economy of Selma, AL employs 14.5k people. The largest industries in Selma, AL are Manufacturing (3,226 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (2,115 people), and Retail Trade (1,617 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($85,095), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($56,818), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($45,031).

Median household income in Selma, AL is $30,065. Males in Selma, AL have an average income that is 1.44 times higher than the average income of females, which is $40,615. The income inequality in Selma, AL (measured using the Gini index) is 0.46, which is lower than than the national average.

Wages

Median Household Income

$30,065

2017 value

± $1,775

6.86%

1 Year Growth

± 9.65%

Households in Selma, AL have a median annual income of $30,065, which is less than the median annual income of $60,336 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $28,136 in 2016, which represents a 6.86% annual growth.

Look at the chart to see how the median household income in Selma, AL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Alabama.

$58,549

Average Male Salary

± $1,465

$40,615

Average Female Salary

± $997

In 2017, full-time male employees in Alabama made 1.44 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Alabama by number of full-time employees.

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Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Alabama.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity

  1. Asian

    $58,018 ± $10,489

  2. White

    $47,885 ± $1,063

  3. American Indian and Alaska Native tribes specified; or American Indian or Alaska Native, not specified and no other races

    $45,909 ± $38,465

In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Alabama workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.21 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Alabama by number of full-time employees.

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Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Selma, AL is from Alabama.

0.46

2017 Wage GINI

0.458

2016 Wage GINI

In 2017, the income inequality in Alabama was 0.46 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.343% growth from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even.

The 2017 the GINI for Alabama was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Alabama in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Alabama across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

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Income by Location

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Highest Median Household Income (Total)

  1. Shelby County, AL

  2. Madison County, AL

  3. Elmore County, AL

In 2017, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Selma, AL was Shelby County, AL with a value of $73,031, followed by Madison County, AL and Elmore County, AL, with respective values of $62,312 and $60,558.

The following map shows all of the counties in Selma, AL colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

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Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

31.9% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Selma, AL (12.8k out of 40.1k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.4%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 6 - 11 and then Females 35 - 44.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

  1. Black

    11,035 ± 640

  2. White

    1,703 ± 261

  3. Hispanic

    68 ± 134

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Selma, AL is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

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Occupations

Employment by Occupations

14.5k

2017 Value

± 786

0.57%

1 Year growth

± 7.87%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Selma, AL grew at a rate of 0.57%, from 14.4k employees to 14.5k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Selma, AL, are Production Occupations (2,377 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (1,836 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (1,188 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Selma, AL.

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Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Selma, AL, by number of employees, are Production Occupations (2,377 people), Office & Administrative Support Occupations (1,836 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (1,188 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other msas, Selma, AL has an unusually high number of residents working as Production Occupations (2.84 times higher than expected), Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors (1.9 times), and Life, Physical, & Social Science Occupations (1.77 times).

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Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Selma, AL, by median earnings, are Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($65,337), Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($63,571), and Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners & Other Technical Occupations ($56,731).

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Industries

Employment by Industries

14.5k

2017 Value

± 786

0.57%

1 Year growth

± 7.87%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Selma, AL grew at a rate of 0.57%, from 14.4k employees to 14.5k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Selma, AL, are Manufacturing (3,226 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (2,115 people), and Retail Trade (1,617 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Selma, AL, though some of these residents may live in Selma, AL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

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Most Common

The most common industries in Selma, AL, by number of employees, are Manufacturing (3,226 people), Health Care & Social Assistance (2,115 people), and Retail Trade (1,617 people).

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Most Specialized

Compared to other msas, Selma, AL has an unusually high number of Manufacturing (2.2 times higher than expected), Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting (1.75 times), and Utilities (1.36 times) industries.

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Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Selma, AL, by median earnings, are Utilities ($85,095), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($56,818), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($45,031).

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Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Alabama to other states, or from other states to Alabama.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

  1. Motorized vehicles

    $40.7B

  2. Mixed freight

    $28B

  3. Coal-n.e.c.

    $21.5B

In 2015, the top outbound Alabama product (by dollars) was Motorized vehicles with $40.7B, followed by Mixed freight ($28B) and Coal-n.e.c. ($21.5B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Alabama products.

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Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Alabama state.

$243B

2015 Value

$367B

Projected 2045 Value

50.7% growth

In 2015, total outbound Alabama trade was $243B. This is expected to increase 50.7% to $367B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Alabama trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

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Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Alabama to other states, or from other states to Alabama.

Most Common Trade Partners

  1. Georgia

    $25.3B

  2. Florida

    $16.7B

  3. Tennessee

    $14.5B

In 2015, the top outbound Alabama domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Georgia with $25.3B, followed by Florida with $16.7B and Tennessee and $14.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Alabama shares with each state (excluding itself).

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Health

87.9% of the population of Selma, AL has health coverage, with 32% on employee plans, 31.1% on Medicaid, 11.9% on Medicare, 11% on non-group plans, and 1.86% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in the msa of Selma, AL was $7,281 in 2014. This is a 4.07% increase from the previous year ($6,996).

Primary care physicians in Selma, AL see 1535 patients per year on average, which represents a 1.1% decrease from the previous year (1552 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2139 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 1185 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Greene County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (21.1%). Additionally, Macon County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (47.8%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

1,535 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio

Primary care physicians in Alabama see an average of 1,535 patients per year. This represents a 1.1% decrease from the previous year (1,552 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Alabama in comparison to neighboring states.

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Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

  1. West Virginia

    8.26% of the population affected

  2. Arkansas

    8.13% of the population affected

  3. New Hampshire

    7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

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Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

  1. Mississippi

    19.2% of adults

  2. Texas

    17.9% of adults

  3. Louisiana

    17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

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Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Alabama.

$7,281

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care 

$3,641

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$5,042

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$10,267

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Alabama (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.07%, from $6,996 to $7,281.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

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Health Care Coverage

12.1%

Uninsured

32%

Employer Coverage

31.1%

Medicaid

11.9%

Medicare

11%

Non-Group

1.86%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2017, the percent of uninsured citizens in Selma, AL declined by 3.15% from 12.5% to 12.1%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Selma, AL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

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Health Risks

Data available at the county level.

Most at risk counties

  1. Greene County

    21.1% prevalence

  2. Perry County

    20.9% prevalence

  3. Sumter County

    20.4% prevalence

Greene County has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Alabama, at 21.1%.

The following map shows the prevalence of diabetes in Alabama by county over multiple years.

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Diversity

Selma, AL is home to a population of 40.8k people, from which 99% are citizens. As of 2017, 1.44% of Selma, AL residents were born outside of the country (588 people).

The ethnic composition of the population of Selma, AL is composed of 28.6k Black or African American Alone residents (70.2%), 11.3k White Alone residents (27.7%), 409 Hispanic or Latino residents (1%), 232 Two or More Races residents (0.569%), 183 Asian Alone residents (0.449%), 16 American Indian & Alaska Native Alone residents (0.0393%), 6 Native Hawaiian & Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0.0147%), and 0 Some Other Race Alone residents (0%).

The most common foreign languages spoken in Selma, AL are N/A.

Age

Age by Nativity

39

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.4

40

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 5.1

In 2017, the median age of all people in Selma, AL was 39.3. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 39, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 40. But people in Selma, AL are getting getting older. In 2016, the average age of all Selma, AL residents was 39.

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Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

1.44%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

588 people

1.47%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

610 people

As of 2017, 1.44% of Selma, AL residents (588 people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Selma, AL was 1.47%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Selma, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Alabama.

Most Common Origin

  1. Mexico

    51,837 ± 5,560 people

  2. Guatemala

    11,080 ± 2,581 people

  3. India

    9,229 ± 2,356 people

In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Alabama was Mexico, the natal country of 51,837 Alabama residents, followed by Guatemala with 11,080 and India with 9,229.

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Citizenship

99%

2017 Citizenship

99%

2016 Citizenship

As of 2017, 99% of Selma, AL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.1%. In 2016, the percentage of US citizens in Selma, AL was 99%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Selma, AL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Race and Ethnicity

Most Common

  1. Black or African American Alone

    28.6k ± 116

  2. White Alone

    11.3k ± 24

  3. Hispanic or Latino

    409 ± 193

In 2017, there were 2.53 times more Black or African American Alone residents (28.6k people) in Selma, AL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 11.3k White Alone and 409 Hispanic or Latino residents, the second and third most common racial or ethnic groups.

The following bar chart shows the 8 races and ethnicities represented in Selma, AL as a share of the total population.

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Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

  1. N/A

    N/A speakers (N/A%)

  2. N/A

    N/A speakers (N/A%)

  3. N/A

    N/A speakers (N/A%)

N/A% of Selma, AL citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is approximately the same as the national average of 21.8%. In N/A, the most common non-English language spoken in Selma, AL was N/A. N/A% of the overall population of Selma, AL are native N/A speakers. N/A% speak N/A and N/A% speak N/A, the next two most common languages.

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Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

  1. Vietnam

    773 ± 172

  2. Gulf War (2001-)

    409 ± 164

  3. Gulf War (1990s)

    278 ± 114

Selma, AL has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.89 times greater than any other conflict.

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Education

In 2016, universities in Selma, AL awarded 500 degrees. The student population of Selma, AL is skewed towards women, with 798 male students and 1,332 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Selma, AL are Black or African American (390 and 79.9%), followed by White (80 and 16.4%), Unknown (12 and 2.46%), and Hispanic or Latino (5 and 1.02%).

The largest universities in Selma, AL by number of degrees awarded are George C Wallace State Community College-Selma (401 and 80.2%), Concordia College Alabama (70 and 14%), and Selma University (29 and 5.8%).

The most popular majors in Selma, AL are General Studies (122 and 24.4%), Welding Technology (53 and 10.6%), and General Administrative Assistant & Secretarial Science (33 and 6.6%).

The median tuition costs in Selma, AL are $7,706 for private four year colleges, and $N/A and $N/A respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

  1. Registered Nursing

    28 degrees awarded

  2. General Studies

    122 degrees awarded

  3. Liberal Arts & Sciences

    29 degrees awarded

In 2015, the most common concentation for Associates Degree recipients in Selma, AL was Registered Nursing with 28 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Associates Degree from schools in Selma, AL according to their major.

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Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

  1. George C Wallace State Community College-Selma

    401 degrees awarded

  2. Concordia College Alabama

    70 degrees awarded

  3. Selma University

    29 degrees awarded

$N/A

Median In-State Public

$7,706

Median Private

In 2016, the Selma, AL institution with the largest number of graduating students was George C Wallace State Community College-Selma with 401 degrees awarded.

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Student Gender for Common Institutions

199

Degrees Awarded to Men

301

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2016, 199 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Selma, AL, which is 0.661 times less than the 301 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the institutions in Selma, AL by degrees awarded.

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Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

  1. Black or African American

    390 degrees awarded

  2. White

    80 degrees awarded

  3. Unknown

    12 degrees awarded

In 2016 the majority of degrees awarded at institutions in Selma, AL were to Black or African American students. These 390 degrees mean that there were 4.88 times more Black or African American students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, White, with 80 degrees awarded.

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Housing & Living

The median property value in Selma, AL was $80,800 in 2017, which is 0.371 times smaller than the national average of $217,600. Between 2016 and 2017 the median property value increased from $81,000 to $80,800, a 0.247% decrease. The homeownership rate in Selma, AL is 59.2%, which is lower than the national average of 63.9%. People in Selma, AL have an average commute time of 21.9 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Selma, AL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Income

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$30,065

Median Household Income

± $1,775

16.5k

Number of Households

± 796

In 2017, the median household income of the 16.5k households in Selma, AL grew to $30,065 from the previous year's value of $28,136.

The following chart displays the households in Selma, AL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the < $10k range.

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Housing

Property Value

$80,800

2017 Median

± $4,241

$81,000

2016 Median

± $4,140

In 2017, the median property value in Selma, AL declined from to $80,800 from the previous year's value of $81,000.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Selma, AL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Selma, AL the largest share of households have a property value in the $100k - $125k range.

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Property Taxes

< $800

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Selma, AL distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Selma, AL the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

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Rent vs Own

59.2%

2017 Homeownership

58.3%

2016 Homeownership

In 2017, 59.2% of the housing units in Selma, AL were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 58.3%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Selma, AL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

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Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Selma, AL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Selma, AL have 2 cars, followed by 1 car.

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Commute Time

21.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Selma, AL have a shorter commute time (21.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.1 minutes). Additionally, 2.3% of the workforce in Selma, AL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Selma, AL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

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Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

  1. Drove Alone

    86.6%

  2. Carpooled

    8.87%

  3. Walked

    1.75%

In 2017, the most common method of travel for workers in Selma, AL was Drove Alone (86.6%), followed by those who Carpooled (8.87%) and those who Walked (1.75%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

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