Madison County, IL

County

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2024 Population

264,238

US Senator

Dick Durbin

Democratic Party

US Senator

Tammy Duckworth

Democratic Party

2024 Poverty Rate

11.1%

2.02% 1-year decrease

2024 Median Household Income

$75,793

1.33% 1-year growth

2024 Median Property Value

$173,000

3.04% 1-year growth

2024 Employed Population

128,287

0.324% 1-year decline

About

None of the households in Madison County, IL reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

99.1% of the residents in Madison County, IL are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Madison County, IL are Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville (3,350 degrees awarded in 2023), Lewis and Clark Community College (1,405 degrees), and CALC Institute of Technology (37 degrees).

In 2024, the median property value in Madison County, IL was $173,000, and the homeownership rate was 74.2%.

Most people in Madison County, IL drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 24.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Madison County, IL was 2 cars per household.

Madison County, IL borders Bond County, IL, Clinton County, IL, Jersey County, IL, Macoupin County, IL, Montgomery County, IL, St. Clair County, IL, St. Charles County, MO, St. Louis County, MO, and St. Louis city, MO.

About the photo: Edwardsville, IL

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Population & Diversity

Madison County, IL is home to a population of 264k people, from which 99.1% are citizens. As of 2024, 2.2% of Madison County, IL residents were born outside of the country (5.81k people).

In 2024, there were 10.7 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (216k people) in Madison County, IL than any other race or ethnicity. There were 20.3k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 10.8k Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Population & Diversity

Citizenship

99.1%

2024 Citizenship

99.2%

2023 Citizenship

As of 2024, 99.1% of Madison County, IL residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2023, the percentage of US citizens in Madison County, IL was 99.2%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Madison County, IL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Diversity

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Madison County, IL

White (Non-Hispanic)
216k ± 651
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
20.3k ± 951
Two Races Excluding Other, & Three or More Races (Non-Hispanic)
10.8k ± 1.03k

4.31%

Hispanic Population

11.4k people

4.31% of the people in Madison County, IL are hispanic (11.4k people).

The following chart shows the 8 races represented in Madison County, IL as a share of the total population.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Illinois.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
633,244 ± 19,044 people
India
161,770 ± 9,812 people
Poland
119,556 ± 8,449 people

In 2023, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Illinois was Mexico, the natal country of 633,244 Illinois residents, followed by India with 161,770 and Poland with 119,556.

Foreign-Born Population

2.2%

2024 Foreign-Born Population

5.81k people

2.21%

2023 Foreign-Born Population

5.85k people

As of 2024, 2.2% of Madison County, IL residents (5.81k people) were born outside of the United States, which is approximately the same as the national average of 14%. In 2023, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Madison County, IL was 2.21%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Madison County, IL compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
5,585 ± 494
Gulf War (2001-)
5,037 ± 566
Gulf War (1990s)
2,461 ± 317

Madison County, IL has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.11 times greater than any other conflict.

The chart shows the distribution of veterans by conflict in Madison County, IL.

Economy

The economy of Madison County, IL employs 128k people. In 2024, the largest industries in Madison County, IL were Health Care & Social Assistance (18,707 people), Retail Trade (14,977 people), and Manufacturing (14,731 people), and the highest paying industries were Utilities ($93,537), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($90,078), and Management of Companies & Enterprises ($87,222).

Employment

Occupations

128k

2024 Value

± 2,821

−0.324%

1 Year decline

± 3.11%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Madison County, IL declined at a rate of −0.324%, from 129k employees to 128k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Madison County, IL, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (14,868 people), Management Occupations (13,791 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (11,927 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Madison County, IL.

Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Illinois.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Illinois (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

Industries

Employment by Industries

128k

2024 Value

± 2,821

−0.324%

1 Year decline

± 3.11%

From 2023 to 2024, employment in Madison County, IL declined at a rate of −0.324%, from 129k employees to 128k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Madison County, IL, are Health Care & Social Assistance (18,707 people), Retail Trade (14,977 people), and Manufacturing (14,731 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Madison County, IL, though some of these residents may live in Madison County, IL and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Median Earnings by Industry

$60,488

Median earning men ± $1,466

$43,076

Median earning women ± $1,163

The industries with the best median earnings for men in 2024 are Information ($83,030), Public Administration ($82,649), and Manufacturing ($75,483).

The industries with the best median earnings for women in 2024 are Manufacturing ($65,835), Public Administration ($60,388), and Construction ($58,417).

Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Illinois.

Y-Axis

2.47%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between February 2022 and February 2023

As of February 2023, there are 6.03M people employed in Illinois. This represents a 2.47% increase in employment when compared to February 2022.

Right after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during April 2020, a general dip can be seen across industry sectors, resulting in an overall decline in employment by 13%.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Illinois.

Establishments by Size

The industries with the most establishments

418
Other Services (except Public Administration)
341
Construction
313
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services

The visualization shows the distribution of establishments by industry and by size according to the number of employees.

The visualization shows the number of establishments and its share across establishment sizes.

Payroll by Industry Sector

The industries with the highest total annual payroll

$864k
Manufacturing
$701k
Health Care and Social Assistance
$565k
Transportation and Warehousing

The chart shows the total annual payroll and the average annual payroll by industry.

Civics

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Illinois went to Kamala Harris with 54.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (43.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.43%).

Dick Durbin and Tammy Duckworth are the senators currently representing the state of Illinois. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Illinois is currently represented by 17 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Elections

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Madison County, IL. Showing the available data for Illinois.

2024 Election Results

Kamala Harris (54.4%)
Democratic Party
Donald J. Trump (43.5%)
Republican Party
Robert Kennedy (1.43%)
Independent Party

In the 2024 presidential election, the popular vote in Illinois went to Kamala Harris with 54.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (43.5%), followed by Robert Kennedy (1.43%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Illinois for each registered party from 1976 to 2024.

Senator Elections

US Senators from Illinois

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Illinois.

Dick Durbin

Senator from Illinois

Assumed office on January 3, 1997

Tammy Duckworth

Senator from Illinois

Assumed office on January 3, 2017

Dick Durbin and Tammy Duckworth are the senators currently representing Illinois.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Illinois over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

Education

In 2023, universities in Madison County, IL awarded 4,792 degrees. The student population of Madison County, IL in 2023 is skewed towards women, with 6,958 male students and 9,346 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Madison County, IL are White (3,584 and 78%), Black or African American (386 and 8.4%), Unknown (194 and 4.22%), and Hispanic or Latino (190 and 4.13%).

The largest universities in Madison County, IL by number of degrees awarded are Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville (3,350 and 69.9%), Lewis and Clark Community College (1,405 and 29.3%), and CALC Institute of Technology (37 and 0.772%).

The most popular majors in Madison County, IL are Registered Nursing (555 and 11.6%), General Business Administration & Management (510 and 10.6%), and Liberal Arts & Sciences (420 and 8.76%).

The median tuition cost in Madison County, IL for a public four year colleges is $8,846 for in-state students and $8,846 for out-of-state students.

Admissions & Enrollments

Applicants, Admissions & Enrolled

University

Measure

In 2023 in Madison County, IL, the percentage of applicants admitted was 97.2%, while the percentage of admitted who enrolled was 18.4%. The number of students enrolled in 2023 was 16,304 (42.7% men and 57.3% women).

The line chart shows the evolution of the percentage of applicants admitted, admitted who enrolled or the number of students enrolled according to the option selected in the upper button.

Enrollments by Gender and Races

Universities

In 2023 there were 16,304 students enrolled in Madison County, IL, 42.7% men and 57.3% women.

By race, the largest number of students enrolled was concentrated in White with 10,624 records, of which 56.8% were women and 43.2% men.

Completions

Concentrations

Most Common

General Psychology
158 degrees awarded
Registered Nursing
470 degrees awarded
General Business Administration & Management
297 degrees awarded

In 2023, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Madison County, IL was General Psychology with 158 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Madison County, IL according to their major.

Universities

Gender

Race

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville
3,350 degrees awarded
Lewis and Clark Community College
1,405 degrees awarded
CALC Institute of Technology
37 degrees awarded

In 2023, the institution with the largest number of graduating students was Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville with 3,350 degrees awarded.

Student Diversity

University

In 2023, 1,889 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Madison County, IL, which is 0.651 times less than the 2,903 female students who received degrees in the same year.

In 2023, the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions was White students. These 3,584 degrees mean that there were 9.28 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 386 degrees awarded.

Awarded Degrees over Time

The graph shows the evolution of awarded degrees by degrees. Under the paragraphs, the average number of awarded degrees by university in each degree is shown.

Tuition

Average Net Price by Sector

Universities

Public, 2-year ($9,000) is the sector with the highest median state tuition in 2023.

Public, 4-year or above ($3,179) is the sector with the highest median state fee in 2023.

Public, 2-year ($1,120) is the sector with the highest average net price of books and supplies.

The graph shows the average net price by sector and year.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Madison County, IL was $173,000 in 2024, which is 0.52 times smaller than the national average of $332,700. Between 2023 and 2024 the median property value increased from $167,900 to $173,000, a 3.04% increase. The homeownership rate in Madison County, IL is 74.2%, which is higher than the national average of 65.2%.

People in Madison County, IL have an average commute time of 24.9 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Madison County, IL is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

In 2025, 12.2% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Madison County, IL. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 1.02%.

Housing

Property

$173,000

Median Property Value 2024

±$2,415

$81,716

Median Property Taxes

±$2,126

The following chart display owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Madison County, IL the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

The chart underneath the paragraph shows the property taxes in Madison County, IL compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies.

Rent vs Own

74.2%

Homeownership

2024

61.3%

Homeowners with Mortgage

2024

In 2024, 74.2% of the housing units in Madison County, IL were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 73.6%.

This chart shows the percentage of owner in Madison County, IL compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Equity

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$75,793

Median Household Income

± $1,799

110k

Number of Households

± 2,625

In 2024, the median household income of the 110k households in Madison County, IL grew to $75,793 from the previous year's value of $74,800.

The following chart displays the households in Madison County, IL distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Madison County, IL is from Illinois.

0.474

2023 Wage GINI in Illinois

0.477

2022 Wage GINI in Illinois

In 2023, the income inequality in Illinois was 0.474 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.554% decline from 2022 to 2023, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Illinois was lower than than the national average of 0.476. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Illinois in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Illinois across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Transportation

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2024

Drove Alone (78.1%)
Worked At Home (12.7%)
Carpooled (6.55%)

In 2024, 78.1% of workers in Madison County, IL drove alone to work, followed by those who worked at home (12.7%) and those who carpooled to work (6.55%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Commute Time

24.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Madison County, IL have a shorter commute time (24.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.4 minutes). Additionally, 1.49% of the workforce in Madison County, IL have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Madison County, IL compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Madison County, IL distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Madison County, IL have 2 cars.

Poverty

Severe Housing Problems

In 2025, 12.2% of the population was living with severe housing problems in Madison County, IL. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 1.02%.

The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the population living with severe housing problems.

Poverty & Diversity

11.1% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Madison County, IL (28.6k out of 259k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 12.5%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Females 25 - 34 and then Females 35 - 44.

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Madison County, IL is White, followed by Black and Two Or More.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Children in Poverty

In 2025, 13.4% of the children was living in poverty in Madison County, IL. From 2014 to 2025, the indicator declined 3.2%.

The graph shows the trend of the percentage of the children living in poverty.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Security

Crimes & Accidents

Indicator

In 2022, the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population was 249 in Madison County, IL. From 2014 to 2022, the indicator grew 2.5 per 100,000 population.

The graph shows the trend in the number of reported violent crimes offenses per 100,000 population.

Health

95.3% of the population of Madison County, IL has health coverage, with 53% on employee plans, 15.3% on Medicaid, 14.4% on Medicare, 11.1% on non-group plans, and 1.46% on military or VA plans.

Primary care physicians in Madison County, IL see 2,099 patients per year on average, which represents a 0% change from the previous year (2,099 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1035 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 376 patients per year.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.9% were men and 51.1% were women.

Coverage

Patient to Clinician Ratios

2,099 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Madison County, IL

Primary care physicians in Madison County, IL see an average of 2,099 patients per year. This represents a 0% change from the previous year (2,099 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Madison County, IL in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Health Care Diversity

In 2024, insured persons according to age ranges were distributed in 23.1% under 18 years, 20% between 18 and 34 years, 38.8% between 35 and 64 years, and 18.1% over 64 years.

By gender, of the total number of insured persons, 48.9% were men and 51.1% were women.

The following chart shows the number of people with health coverage by gender.

Uninsured People

4.69%

Uninsured

53%

Employer Coverage

15.3%

Medicaid

14.4%

Medicare

11.1%

Non-Group

1.46%

Military or VA

Between 2023 and 2024, the percent of uninsured citizens in Madison County, IL declined by 2.45% from 4.81% to 4.69%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Madison County, IL changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.

Health Indicators

Health Outcomes

Indicator

In 2025, the number of deaths among residents under age 18 per 100,000 population was 38.4 in Madison County, IL.

The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Madison County, IL.

Health Behaviors

Indicator

In 2025, the percentage of the adult population (age 18 and older) that reports a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 (age-adjusted) was 35.8% in Madison County, IL.

The graphic shows the trend of the indicator in Madison County, IL.