Klamath County, OR

County

Add Comparison

Population

66,310

0.442% 1-year growth

US Senator

Ron Wyden

Democratic Party

US Senator

Jeff Merkley

Democratic Party

Median Age

42.4

Poverty Rate

20.3%

Median Household Income

$43,522

2.33% 1-year growth

Median Property Value

$162,100

3.31% 1-year growth

Number of Employees

25,596

1.68% 1-year decline

About

In 2018, Klamath County, OR had a population of 66.3k people with a median age of 42.4 and a median household income of $43,522. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Klamath County, OR grew from 66,018 to 66,310, a 0.442% increase and its median household income grew from $42,531 to $43,522, a 2.33% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Klamath County, OR are White (Non-Hispanic) (78.4%), White (Hispanic) (9.63%), American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) (3.56%), Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (3.49%), and Other (Hispanic) (1.67%). 0% of the households in Klamath County, OR speak a non-English language at home as their primary language, and 97% of the residents in Klamath County, OR are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Klamath County, OR are Oregon Institute of Technology (780 degrees awarded in 2019), Klamath Community College (479 degrees), and College of Cosmetology (28 degrees).

In 2018, the median property value in Klamath County, OR was $162,100, and the homeownership rate was 63.8%. Most people in Klamath County, OR drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 14.8 minutes. The average car ownership in Klamath County, OR was 2 cars per household.

Klamath County, OR borders Modoc County, CA, Siskiyou County, CA, Deschutes County, OR, Douglas County, OR, Jackson County, OR, Lake County, OR, and Lane County, OR.

About the photo: Crater Lake

Photo by m01229

United States Oregon Klamath Falls, OR

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for Oregon. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Oregon, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Oregon.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Oregon (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Oregon.

Start Year

Y-Axis

-5.78%

Year-over-year decline

Employment change between November 2019 and November 2020

As of November 2020, there are 145M people employed in Oregon. This represents a -5.78% decrease in employment when compared to November 2019.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Oregon.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Oregon.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Oregon across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Klamath County, OR went to Donald J. Trump with 67% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (23.6%), followed by Other (9.38%). The most partisan county was Lake County, OR with 76.9% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

Ron Wyden and Jeff Merkley are the senators currently representing the state of Oregon. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Oregon is currently represented by 5 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (67%)
Republican Party
Hillary Rodham Clinton (23.6%)
Democratic Party
Other (9.38%)
Other Party

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in Oregon went to Donald J. Trump with 67% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (23.6%), followed by Other (9.38%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Oregon for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of Oregon.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for Klamath County, OR

67% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in Oregon

Lake County, OR
76.9% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Grant County, OR
74% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Multnomah County, OR
73.3% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in Oregon was Lake County, OR with 76.9% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in Oregon colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Oregon

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Oregon.

Ron Wyden

Senator from Oregon

Assumed office on February 5, 1996
Elected to the seat following the resignation of Bob Packwood.

Jeff Merkley

Senator from Oregon

Assumed office on January 3, 2009

Ron Wyden and Jeff Merkley are the senators currently representing Oregon.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Oregon over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Oregon

Oregon is currently represented by 5 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Oregon have changed over time starting in 2008.

Diversity

Klamath County, OR is home to a population of 66.3k people, from which 97% are citizens. As of 2018, 5.4% of Klamath County, OR residents were born outside of the country (3.58k people).

In 2018, there were 8.14 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (52k people) in Klamath County, OR than any other race or ethnicity. There were 6.39k White (Hispanic) and 2.36k American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Klamath County, OR

White (Non-Hispanic)
52k ± 23
White (Hispanic)
6.39k ± 407
American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic)
2.36k ± 307

12.7%

Hispanic Population

8.41k people

12.7% of the people in Klamath County, OR are hispanic (8.41k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Klamath County, OR as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

5.4%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

3.58k people

5.61%

2017 Foreign-Born Population

3.71k people

As of 2018, 5.4% of Klamath County, OR residents (3.58k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2017, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Klamath County, OR was 5.61%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Klamath County, OR compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.5

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1.6

In 2018, the median age of all people in Klamath County, OR was 42.4. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 42, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 46. But people in Klamath County, OR are getting getting younger. In 2017, the average age of all Klamath County, OR residents was 43.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Oregon.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
141,075 ± 9,063 people
China
22,741 ± 3,692 people
Vietnam
22,210 ± 3,649 people

In 2019, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Oregon was Mexico, the natal country of 141,075 Oregon residents, followed by China with 22,741 and Vietnam with 22,210.

Citizenship

97%

2018 Citizenship

96.9%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 97% of Klamath County, OR residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Klamath County, OR was 96.9%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Klamath County, OR compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
2,404 ± 271
Gulf War (2001-)
1,408 ± 270
Gulf War (1990s)
744 ± 190

Klamath County, OR has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.71 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

Median household income in Klamath County, OR is $43,522. In 2018, the tract with the highest Median Household Income in Klamath County, OR was Census Tract 9720 with a value of $66,888, followed by Census Tract 9710 and Census Tract 9711, with respective values of $64,948 and $60,164.

Males in Oregon have an average income that is 1.29 times higher than the average income of females, which is $52,010. The income inequality in Oregon (measured using the Gini index) is 0.465, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Klamath County, OR employs 25.6k people. The largest industries in Klamath County, OR are Health Care & Social Assistance (3,569 people), Retail Trade (3,272 people), and Manufacturing (2,630 people), and the highest paying industries are Public Administration ($50,452), Utilities ($42,279), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($41,194).

Wages

Median Household Income

$43,522

2018 value

± $2,272

2.33%

1 Year Growth

± 6.72%

Households in Klamath County, OR have a median annual income of $43,522, which is less than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $42,531 in 2017, which represents a 2.33% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Klamath County, OR compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Oregon.

$66,971

Average Male Salary in Oregon

± $1,748

$52,010

Average Female Salary in Oregon

± $1,441

In 2019, full-time male employees in Oregon made 1.29 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Oregon by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the County level, so we are showing data for Oregon.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Oregon

Asian
$60,218 ± $5,230
White
$52,171 ± $1,101
Black
$42,634 ± $7,094

In 2019 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Oregon workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.15 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Oregon.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Oregon by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Klamath County, OR is from Oregon.

0.465

2019 Wage GINI in Oregon

0.468

2018 Wage GINI in Oregon

In 2019, the income inequality in Oregon was 0.465 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.664% decline from 2018 to 2019, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Oregon was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Oregon in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Oregon across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

Census Tract 9720
Census Tract 9710
Census Tract 9711

In 2018, the tract with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Klamath County, OR was Census Tract 9720 with a value of $66,888, followed by Census Tract 9710 and Census Tract 9711, with respective values of $64,948 and $60,164.

The following map shows all of the tracts in Klamath County, OR colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

20.3% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Klamath County, OR (13.3k out of 65.3k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 18 - 24 and then Females 45 - 54.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
11,146 ± 696
Hispanic
2,329 ± 308
Native American
829 ± 171

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Klamath County, OR is White, followed by Hispanic and Native American.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

25.6k

2018 Value

± 1,009

-1.68%

1 Year decline

± 5.71%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Klamath County, OR declined at a rate of -1.68%, from 26k employees to 25.6k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Klamath County, OR, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (3,212 people), Sales & Related Occupations (2,280 people), and Management Occupations (2,189 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Klamath County, OR.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Klamath County, OR, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (3,212 people), Sales & Related Occupations (2,280 people), and Management Occupations (2,189 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Klamath County, OR has an unusually high number of residents working as Farming, Fishing, & Forestry Occupations (4.57 times higher than expected), Fire Fighting & Prevention, & Other Protective Service Workers Including Supervisors (1.57 times), and Healthcare Support Occupations (1.53 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Klamath County, OR, by median earnings, are Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($72,863), Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners & Other Technical Occupations ($66,328), and Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors ($58,274).

Industries

Employment by Industries

25.6k

2018 Value

± 1,009

-1.68%

1 Year decline

± 5.71%

From 2017 to 2018, employment in Klamath County, OR declined at a rate of -1.68%, from 26k employees to 25.6k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Klamath County, OR, are Health Care & Social Assistance (3,569 people), Retail Trade (3,272 people), and Manufacturing (2,630 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Klamath County, OR, though some of these residents may live in Klamath County, OR and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Klamath County, OR, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (3,569 people), Retail Trade (3,272 people), and Manufacturing (2,630 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other counties, Klamath County, OR has an unusually high number of Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting (5.76 times higher than expected), Public Administration (1.45 times), and Utilities (1.28 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Klamath County, OR, by median earnings, are Public Administration ($50,452), Utilities ($42,279), and Transportation & Warehousing, & Utilities ($41,194).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Oregon to other states, or from other states to Oregon.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2018, the top outbound Oregon product (by dollars) was Motorized vehicles with $23.3B, followed by Electronics ($21B) and Mixed freight ($20.8B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Oregon products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Oregon.

$174B

2018 Value in Oregon

$349B

Projected 2045 Value in Oregon

100% growth

In 2018, total outbound Oregon trade was $174B. This is expected to increase 100% to $349B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Oregon trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Oregon to other states, or from other states to Oregon.

Most Common Trade Partners

Washington
$38.9B
California
$24B
Texas
$4.89B

In 2018, the top outbound Oregon domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Washington with $38.9B, followed by California with $24B and Texas and $4.89B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Oregon shares with each state (excluding itself).

Education

In 2019, universities in Klamath County, OR awarded 1,287 degrees. The student population of Klamath County, OR is skewed towards women, with 3,411 male students and 3,672 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Klamath County, OR are White (929 and 73.1%), followed by Hispanic or Latino (165 and 13%), Unknown (49 and 3.86%), and Asian (45 and 3.54%).

The largest universities in Klamath County, OR by number of degrees awarded are Oregon Institute of Technology (780 and 60.6%), Klamath Community College (479 and 37.2%), and College of Cosmetology (28 and 2.18%).

The most popular majors in Klamath County, OR are Diagnostic Medical Sonography & Ultrasound Technician (86 and 6.68%), Computer Software Technology (70 and 5.44%), and Mechanical Engineering (55 and 4.27%).

The median tuition costs in Klamath County, OR are $N/A for private four year colleges, and $8,775 and $27,927 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

Dental Hygiene
54 degree-majorss awarded
Diagnostic Medical Sonography & Ultrasound Technician
86 degree-majorss awarded
Mechanical Engineering
55 degree-majorss awarded

In 2018, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Klamath County, OR was Dental Hygiene with 54 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Klamath County, OR according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Oregon Institute of Technology
780 degrees awarded
Klamath Community College
479 degrees awarded
College of Cosmetology
28 degrees awarded

$8,775

Median In-State Public

$N/A

Median Private

In 2019, the Klamath County, OR institution with the largest number of graduating students was Oregon Institute of Technology with 780 degrees awarded.

Student Gender for Common Institutions

622

Degrees Awarded to Men

665

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2019, 622 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Klamath County, OR, which is 0.935 times less than the 665 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the institutions in Klamath County, OR by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
929 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
165 degrees awarded
Unknown
49 degrees awarded

In 2019 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Klamath County, OR was White students. These 929 degrees mean that there were 5.63 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Hispanic or Latino, with 165 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Klamath County, OR was $162,100 in 2018, which is 0.706 times smaller than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $156,900 to $162,100, a 3.31% increase. The homeownership rate in Klamath County, OR is 63.8%, which is lower than the national average of 63.9%. People in Klamath County, OR have an average commute time of 14.8 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Klamath County, OR is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$162,100

2018 Median

± $4,950

$156,900

2017 Median

± $5,674

In 2018, the median property value in Klamath County, OR grew to to $162,100 from the previous year's value of $156,900.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Klamath County, OR compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Klamath County, OR the largest share of households have a property value in the $150k - $175k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$43,522

Median Household Income

± $2,272

27.4k

Number of Households

± 1,051

In 2018, the median household income of the 27.4k households in Klamath County, OR grew to $43,522 from the previous year's value of $42,531.

The following chart displays the households in Klamath County, OR distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Property Taxes

$800 - $1,499

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Klamath County, OR distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Klamath County, OR the largest share of households pay taxes in the $800 - $1,499 range.

Rent vs Own

63.8%

2018 Homeownership

65%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 63.8% of the housing units in Klamath County, OR were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 65%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is lower than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Klamath County, OR compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

14.8 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Klamath County, OR have a shorter commute time (14.8 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.3 minutes). Additionally, 0.698% of the workforce in Klamath County, OR have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Klamath County, OR compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2018

Drove Alone (79.9%)
Carpooled (9.34%)
Worked At Home (5.73%)

In 2018, 79.9% of workers in Klamath County, OR drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (9.34%) and those who worked at home (5.73%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Klamath County, OR distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Klamath County, OR have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.

Health

91.5% of the population of Klamath County, OR has health coverage, with 31.8% on employee plans, 26.1% on Medicaid, 14.9% on Medicare, 14.9% on non-group plans, and 3.8% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Oregon was $8,044 in 2014. This is a 7.73% increase from the previous year ($7,467).

Primary care physicians in Klamath County, OR see 1074 patients per year on average, which represents a 2.68% increase from the previous year (1046 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1137 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 211 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Jefferson County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (18.3%). Additionally, Malheur County and Union County have the highest prevalence of adult obesity (39.9%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

1,074 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Klamath County, OR

Primary care physicians in Klamath County, OR see an average of 1,074 patients per year. This represents a 2.68% increase from the previous year (1,046 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Klamath County, OR in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Oregon.

$8,044

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Oregon

$4,232

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$7,185

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$8,942

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Oregon (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 7.73%, from $7,467 to $8,044.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

8.54%

Uninsured

31.8%

Employer Coverage

26.1%

Medicaid

14.9%

Medicare

14.9%

Non-Group

3.8%

Military or VA

Between 2017 and 2018, the percent of uninsured citizens in Klamath County, OR declined by 18.7% from 10.5% to 8.54%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Klamath County, OR changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.