Jackson, MS

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

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2020 Population

596,287

0.241% 1-year decline

US Senator

Roger Wicker

Republican Party

US Senator

Cindy Hyde-Smith

Republican Party

2020 Median Age

36.8

0.822% 1-year increase

2020 Poverty Rate

16.7%

1.62% 1-year decrease

2020 Median Household Income

$53,639

2.16% 1-year growth

2020 Median Property Value

$148,300

1.85% 1-year growth

2020 Employed Population

265,758

0.715% 1-year decline

About

In 2020, Jackson, MS had a population of 596k people with a median age of 36.8 and a median household income of $53,639. Between 2019 and 2020 the population of Jackson, MS declined from 597,727 to 596,287, a −0.241% decrease and its median household income grew from $52,504 to $53,639, a 2.16% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Jackson, MS are Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (50.2%), White (Non-Hispanic) (45.2%), White (Hispanic) (1.14%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (1.08%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (0.879%).

None of the households in Jackson, MS reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

98.7% of the residents in Jackson, MS are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Jackson, MS are Hinds Community College (4,138 degrees awarded in 2020), Jackson State University (1,602 degrees), and Belhaven University (1,548 degrees).

In 2020, the median property value in Jackson, MS was $148,300, and the homeownership rate was 67.6%. Most people in Jackson, MS drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 24.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Jackson, MS was 2 cars per household.

Jackson, MS borders Brookhaven, MS and Vicksburg, MS.

Photo by Visit Mississippi

United States Mississippi

Diversity

Jackson, MS is home to a population of 596k people, from which 98.7% are citizens. As of 2020, 2.3% of Jackson, MS residents were born outside of the country (13.7k people).

In 2020, there were 1.11 times more Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) residents (299k people) in Jackson, MS than any other race or ethnicity. There were 269k White (Non-Hispanic) and 6.78k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Jackson, MS

Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
299k ± 685
White (Non-Hispanic)
269k ± 333
White (Hispanic)
6.78k ± 831

2.37%

Hispanic Population

14.1k people

2.37% of the people in Jackson, MS are hispanic (14.1k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Jackson, MS as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

2.3%

2020 Foreign-Born Population

13.7k people

2.46%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

14.7k people

As of 2020, 2.3% of Jackson, MS residents (13.7k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.5%. In 2019, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Jackson, MS was 2.46%, meaning that the rate has been decreasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Jackson, MS compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.2

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1.6

In 2020, the median age of all people in Jackson, MS was 36.8. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 37, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 39. But people in Jackson, MS are getting getting older. In 2019, the average age of all Jackson, MS residents was 37.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Mississippi.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
18,827 ± 3,358 people
India
5,246 ± 1,777 people
Vietnam
4,118 ± 1,574 people

In 2020, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Mississippi was Mexico, the natal country of 18,827 Mississippi residents, followed by India with 5,246 and Vietnam with 4,118.

Citizenship

98.7%

2020 Citizenship

98.6%

2019 Citizenship

As of 2020, 98.7% of Jackson, MS residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2019, the percentage of US citizens in Jackson, MS was 98.6%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been increasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Jackson, MS compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
8,404 ± 688
Gulf War (2001-)
6,005 ± 612
Gulf War (1990s)
4,464 ± 606

Jackson, MS has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.4 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for Mississippi. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in Mississippi, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Mississippi.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in Mississippi (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Mississippi.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in Mississippi. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in Mississippi.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Mississippi.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of Mississippi across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Jackson, MS is $53,639. In 2020, the county with the highest Median Household Income in Jackson, MS was Madison County, MS with a value of $71,621, followed by DeSoto County, MS and Rankin County, MS, with respective values of $69,990 and $68,310.

Males in Mississippi have an average income that is 1.41 times higher than the average income of females, which is $40,621. The income inequality in Mississippi (measured using the Gini index) is 0.45, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Jackson, MS employs 266k people. The largest industries in Jackson, MS are Health Care & Social Assistance (48,589 people), Retail Trade (28,184 people), and Educational Services (25,050 people), and the highest paying industries are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($87,232), Utilities ($57,232), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($52,727).

Wages

Median Household Income

$53,639

2020 value

± $1,045

2.16%

1 Year Growth

± 2.54%

Households in Jackson, MS have a median annual income of $53,639, which is less than the median annual income of $64,994 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $52,504 in 2019, which represents a 2.16% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Jackson, MS compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Sex in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Mississippi.

$57,157

Average Male Salary in Mississippi

± $1,903

$40,621

Average Female Salary in Mississippi

± $1,341

In 2020, full-time male employees in Mississippi made 1.41 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the sex-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Mississippi by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for Mississippi.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Mississippi

Asian
$52,156 ± $14,671
White
$50,023 ± $1,531
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
$49,296 ± $37,976

In 2020 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Mississippi workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.04 times more than White workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Mississippi.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Mississippi by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Jackson, MS is from Mississippi.

0.45

2020 Wage GINI in Mississippi

0.445

2019 Wage GINI in Mississippi

In 2020, the income inequality in Mississippi was 0.45 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.17% growth from 2019 to 2020, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat less even. The GINI for Mississippi was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Mississippi in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Mississippi across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2020, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Jackson, MS was Madison County, MS with a value of $71,621, followed by DeSoto County, MS and Rankin County, MS, with respective values of $69,990 and $68,310.

The following map shows all of the counties in Jackson, MS colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Sex

Females 25 - 34

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

16.7% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Jackson, MS (95.6k out of 573k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.8%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 25 - 34, followed by Females 35 - 44 and then Females 6 - 11.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

Black
70,350 ± 2,246
White
21,687 ± 1,331
Hispanic
2,802 ± 506

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Jackson, MS is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

266k

2020 Value

± 4,515

−0.715%

1 Year decline

± 2.33%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Jackson, MS declined at a rate of −0.715%, from 268k employees to 266k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Jackson, MS, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (30,524 people), Sales & Related Occupations (27,968 people), and Management Occupations (23,021 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Jackson, MS.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Jackson, MS, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (30,524 people), Sales & Related Occupations (27,968 people), and Management Occupations (23,021 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other MSAs, Jackson, MS has an unusually high number of residents working as Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors (1.46 times higher than expected), Health Diagnosing & Treating Practitioners & Other Technical Occupations (1.44 times), and Health Technologists & Technicians (1.42 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Jackson, MS, by median earnings, are Legal Occupations ($76,071), Computer & Mathematical Occupations ($68,905), and Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($68,048).

Industries

Employment by Industries

266k

2020 Value

± 4,515

−0.715%

1 Year decline

± 2.33%

From 2019 to 2020, employment in Jackson, MS declined at a rate of −0.715%, from 268k employees to 266k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Jackson, MS, are Health Care & Social Assistance (48,589 people), Retail Trade (28,184 people), and Educational Services (25,050 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Jackson, MS, though some of these residents may live in Jackson, MS and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Jackson, MS, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (48,589 people), Retail Trade (28,184 people), and Educational Services (25,050 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other MSAs, Jackson, MS has an unusually high number of Public Administration (1.52 times higher than expected), Utilities (1.34 times), and Health Care & Social Assistance (1.31 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Jackson, MS, by median earnings, are Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($87,232), Utilities ($57,232), and Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services ($52,727).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from Mississippi to other states, or from other states to Mississippi.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2020, the top outbound Mississippi product (by dollars) was Pharmaceuticals with $30.5B, followed by Coal-n.e.c. ($25.1B) and Motorized vehicles ($12.3B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound Mississippi products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for Mississippi.

$182B

2020 Value in Mississippi

$374B

Projected 2050 Value in Mississippi

105% growth

In 2020, total outbound Mississippi trade was $182B. This is expected to increase 105% to $374B by 2050.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound Mississippi trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from Mississippi to other states, or from other states to Mississippi.

Most Common Trade Partners

Alabama
$21.9B
Louisiana
$11.4B
Tennessee
$10.5B

In 2020, the top outbound Mississippi domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was Alabama with $21.9B, followed by Louisiana with $11.4B and Tennessee and $10.5B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that Mississippi shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Mississippi went to Donald J. Trump with 57.6% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (41.1%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.611%). The most partisan county was George County, MS with 87.9% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

Roger Wicker and Cindy Hyde-Smith are the senators currently representing the state of Mississippi. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

Mississippi is currently represented by 4 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Jackson, MS. Showing the available data for Mississippi.

2020 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (57.6%)
Republican Party
Joseph R Biden Jr. (41.1%)
Democratic Party
Jo Jorgensen (0.611%)
Libertarian Party

In the 2020 presidential election, the popular vote in Mississippi went to Donald J. Trump with 57.6% of the vote. The runner-up was Joseph R Biden Jr. (41.1%), followed by Jo Jorgensen (0.611%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in Mississippi for each registered party from 1976 to 2020.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of Mississippi.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for Mississippi

57.6% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in Mississippi

George County, MS
87.9% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Itawamba County, MS
87.2% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Tishomingo County, MS
86.8% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2020 presidential election, the most partisan county in Mississippi was George County, MS with 87.9% of the vote going to Donald J. Trump running for the Republican Party.

The following map shows the counties in Mississippi colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from Mississippi

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for Mississippi.

Roger Wicker

Senator from Mississippi

Assumed office on December 31, 2007
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Trent Lott.

Cindy Hyde-Smith

Senator from Mississippi

Assumed office on April 9, 2018
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Thad Cochran.

Roger Wicker and Cindy Hyde-Smith are the senators currently representing Mississippi.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in Mississippi over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from Mississippi

Mississippi is currently represented by 4 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for Mississippi have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2020, universities in Jackson, MS awarded 11,859 degrees. The student population of Jackson, MS is skewed towards women, with 13,556 male students and 25,736 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Jackson, MS are Black or African American (6,015 and 51.5%), followed by White (4,009 and 34.3%), Unknown (918 and 7.86%), and Asian (281 and 2.4%).

The largest universities in Jackson, MS by number of degrees awarded are Hinds Community College (4,138 and 34.9%), Jackson State University (1,602 and 13.5%), and Belhaven University (1,548 and 13.1%).

The most popular majors in Jackson, MS are General Business Administration & Management (1,161 and 9.79%), General Studies (1,123 and 9.47%), and Truck, Bus, & Commercial Vehicle Operator & Instructor (842 and 7.1%).

The median tuition costs in Jackson, MS are $22,425 for private four year colleges, and $8,270 and $8,270 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

General Studies
1,123 degree-majorss awarded
Registered Nursing
286 degree-majorss awarded
Pre-Nursing Studies
167 degree-majorss awarded

In 2020, the most common concentation for Associates Degree recipients in Jackson, MS was General Studies with 1,123 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Associates Degree from schools in Jackson, MS according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

Hinds Community College
4,138 degrees awarded
Jackson State University
1,602 degrees awarded
Belhaven University
1,548 degrees awarded

$8,270

Median In-State Public

$22,425

Median Private

In 2020, the Jackson, MS institution with the largest number of graduating students was Hinds Community College with 4,138 degrees awarded.

Student Sex for Common Institutions

4,768

Degrees Awarded to Men

7,091

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2020, 4,768 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Jackson, MS, which is 0.672 times less than the 7,091 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the sex disparity between the institutions in Jackson, MS by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

Black or African American
6,015 degrees awarded
White
4,009 degrees awarded
Unknown
918 degrees awarded

In 2020 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Jackson, MS was Black or African American students. These 6,015 degrees mean that there were 1.5 times more degrees awarded to Black or African American students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, White, with 4,009 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Jackson, MS was $148,300 in 2020, which is 0.645 times smaller than the national average of $229,800. Between 2019 and 2020 the median property value increased from $145,600 to $148,300, a 1.85% increase. The homeownership rate in Jackson, MS is 67.6%, which is higher than the national average of 64.4%. People in Jackson, MS have an average commute time of 24.9 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Jackson, MS is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$148,300

2020 Median

± $2,577

$145,600

2019 Median

± $1,925

In 2020, the median property value in Jackson, MS grew to to $148,300 from the previous year's value of $145,600.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Jackson, MS compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Jackson, MS the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$53,639

Median Household Income

± $1,045

220k

Number of Households

± 4,006

In 2020, the median household income of the 220k households in Jackson, MS grew to $53,639 from the previous year's value of $52,504.

The following chart displays the households in Jackson, MS distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Property Taxes

< $800

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Jackson, MS distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Jackson, MS the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

Rent vs Own

67.6%

2020 Homeownership

67.3%

2019 Homeownership

In 2020, 67.6% of the housing units in Jackson, MS were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 67.3%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 64.4%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Jackson, MS compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

24.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Jackson, MS have a shorter commute time (24.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (26.9 minutes). Additionally, 1.72% of the workforce in Jackson, MS have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Jackson, MS compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2020

Drove Alone (84.1%)
Carpooled (10.1%)
Worked At Home (3.51%)

In 2020, 84.1% of workers in Jackson, MS drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (10.1%) and those who worked at home (3.51%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Jackson, MS distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Jackson, MS have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

89.2% of the population of Jackson, MS has health coverage, with 45.6% on employee plans, 19.2% on Medicaid, 10.6% on Medicare, 12.3% on non-group plans, and 1.6% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in Mississippi was $7,646 in 2014. This is a 3.86% increase from the previous year ($7,362).

Primary care physicians in Mississippi see 1890 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.0529% increase from the previous year (1889 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 2051 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 591 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Sunflower County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (24.6%). Additionally, Sunflower County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (53.7%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Mississippi.

1,890 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in Mississippi

Primary care physicians in Mississippi see an average of 1,890 patients per year. This represents a 0.0529% increase from the previous year (1,889 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in Mississippi in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for Mississippi.

$7,646

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in Mississippi

$4,045

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$6,690

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$11,021

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in Mississippi (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 3.86%, from $7,362 to $7,646.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

10.8%

Uninsured

45.6%

Employer Coverage

19.2%

Medicaid

10.6%

Medicare

12.3%

Non-Group

1.6%

Military or VA

Between 2019 and 2020, the percent of uninsured citizens in Jackson, MS declined by 1.02% from 10.9% to 10.8%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Jackson, MS changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.