Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA)

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Population

101,388

1.38% 1-year decline

US Senator

Chuck Schumer

Democratic Party

US Senator

Kirsten Gillibrand

Democratic Party

Median Age

42.8

Poverty Rate

2.64%

Median Household Income

$136,285

4.92% 1-year growth

Median Property Value

$490,900

3.96% 1-year growth

Number of Employees

51,287

1.92% 1-year growth

About

In 2018, Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY had a population of 101k people with a median age of 42.8 and a median household income of $136,285. Between 2017 and 2018 the population of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY declined from 102,806 to 101,388, a -1.38% decrease and its median household income grew from $129,889 to $136,285, a 4.92% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY are White (Non-Hispanic) (86.6%), White (Hispanic) (5.51%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (3.67%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (1.57%), and Other (Hispanic) (0.918%). 12.3% of the people in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY speak a non-English language, and 98.4% are U.S. citizens.

The median property value in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is $490,900, and the homeownership rate is 91.6%. Most people in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY commute by Drove Alone, and the average commute time is 35.9 minutes. The average car ownership in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is 2 cars per household.

Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY borders Hempstead Town (North Central)Meadowbrook Corridor PUMA, NY, Hempstead Town (Northeast) PUMA, NY, Oyster Bay Town (South) PUMA, NY, and Hempstead Town (Southeast) PUMA, NY.

United States New York

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for New York. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in New York, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Impact on Employment

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in New York (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of New York across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in New York went to Hillary Rodham Clinton with 58.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (36.1%), followed by Gary Johnson (2.26%). The most partisan county was Bronx County, NY with 88.5% of the vote going to Hillary Rodham Clinton running for the Democratic Party.

Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand are the senators currently representing the state of New York. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

New York is currently represented by 27 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY. Showing the available data for New York.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Hillary Rodham Clinton (58.4%)
Democratic, Women's Equality, and Working Families Party
Donald J. Trump (36.1%)
Conservative and Republican Party
Gary Johnson (2.26%)
Independence and Libertarian Party

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in New York went to Hillary Rodham Clinton with 58.4% of the vote. The runner-up was Donald J. Trump (36.1%), followed by Gary Johnson (2.26%).

The following chart shows the popular vote results in New York for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of New York.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Hillary Rodham Clinton

Popular Vote for New York

58.4% for the Democratic, Women's Equality, and Working Families Party

Most Partisan Counties in New York

Bronx County, NY
88.5% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)
New York County, NY
86.6% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)
Kings County, NY
79.5% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in New York was Bronx County, NY with 88.5% of the vote going to Hillary Rodham Clinton running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in New York colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from New York

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

Chuck Schumer

Senator from New York

Assumed office on January 3, 1999

Kirsten Gillibrand

Senator from New York

Assumed office on January 26, 2009
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Hillary Clinton, who had become Secretary of State.

Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand are the senators currently representing New York.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in New York over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from New York

New York is currently represented by 27 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for New York have changed over time starting in 2008.

Diversity

Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is home to a population of 101k people, from which 98.4% are citizens. As of 2018, 9.41% of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY residents were born outside of the country (9.54k people).

In 2018, there were 15.7 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (87.8k people) in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY than any other race or ethnicity. There were 5.59k White (Hispanic) and 3.72k Asian (Non-Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

The most common foreign languages spoken in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY are Spanish (3,399 speakers), Italian (1,314 speakers), and Greek (1,066 speakers).

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

White (Non-Hispanic)
87.8k ± 1.64k
White (Hispanic)
5.59k ± 715
Asian (Non-Hispanic)
3.72k ± 646

7.03%

Hispanic Population

7.13k people

7.03% of the people in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY are hispanic (7.13k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY as a share of the total population.

Non-English Speakers

Most Common Languages

Spanish
3,399 speakers (3.53%)
Italian
1,314 speakers (1.37%)
Greek
1,066 speakers (1.11%)

12.3% of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY citizens are speakers of a non-English language, which is lower than the national average of 21.9%. In 2018, the most common non-English language spoken in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was Spanish. 3.53% of the overall population of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY are native Spanish speakers. 1.37% speak Italian and 1.11% speak Spanish, the next two most common languages.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

9.41%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

9.54k people

8.92%

2016 Foreign-Born Population

9.18k people

As of 2018, 9.41% of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY residents (9.54k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 13.7%. In 2016, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was 8.92%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.8

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1.6

In 2018, the median age of all people in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was 42.8. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 41, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 51. But people in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY are getting getting older. In 2017, the average age of all Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY residents was 43.

Global Diversity

Most Common Origin

Italy
963 ± 758 people
Greece
550 ± 574 people
Colombia
521 ± 559 people

In 2017, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was Italy, the natal country of 963 Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY residents, followed by Greece with 550 and Colombia with 521.

Citizenship

98.4%

2018 Citizenship

98.4%

2017 Citizenship

As of 2018, 98.4% of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.2%. In 2017, the percentage of US citizens in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was 98.4%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
1,272 ± 216
Korea
769 ± 177
World War II
346 ± 124

Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.65 times greater than any other conflict.

Economy

Median household income in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is $136,285. In 2018, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was Battery Park City, Greenwich Village & Soho PUMA, NY with a value of $148,152, followed by North Hempstead Town (North) PUMA, NY and Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, with respective values of $146,043 and $143,303.

Males in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY have an average income that is 1.42 times higher than the average income of females, which is $77,028. The income inequality in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY (measured using the Gini index) is 0.465, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY employs 51.3k people. The largest industries in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY are Elementary & secondary schools (6,946 people), Construction (3,071 people), and Hospitals (2,343 people), and the highest paying industries are Soap, cleaning compound, & cosmetics manufacturing ($192,775), Machinery manufacturing, n.e.c. or not specified ($192,542), and Advertising, public relations & related services ($181,813).

Wages

Median Household Income

$136,285

2018 value

± $4,934

4.92%

1 Year Growth

± 3.93%

Households in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY have a median annual income of $136,285, which is more than the median annual income of $61,937 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $129,889 in 2017, which represents a 4.92% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

$109,498

Average Male Salary in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

± $16,577

$77,028

Average Female Salary in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

± $11,630

In 2017, full-time male employees in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY made 1.42 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

White
$81,257 ± $9,872
Other
$76,765 ± $56,061
Asian
$68,812 ± $34,762

In 2017 the highest paid race/ethnicity of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY workers was White. These workers were paid 1.06 times more than Other workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

0.465

2017 Wage GINI in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

0.466

2016 Wage GINI in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY

In 2017, the income inequality in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was 0.465 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 0.167% decline from 2016 to 2017, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was lower than than the national average of 0.479. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2018, the PUMA with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was Battery Park City, Greenwich Village & Soho PUMA, NY with a value of $148,152, followed by North Hempstead Town (North) PUMA, NY and Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, with respective values of $146,043 and $143,303.

The following map shows all of the PUMAs in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 75+

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

2.64% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY (2.68k out of 101k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is lower than the national average of 13.1%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 75+, followed by Females 55 - 64 and then Females 45 - 54.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

White
2,275 ± 307
Hispanic
356 ± 155
Black
130 ± 169

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is White, followed by Hispanic and Black.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

51.3k

2017 Value

1.92%

1 Year growth

± 1.92%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY grew at a rate of 1.92%, from 50.3k employees to 51.3k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, are Elementary & middle school teachers (3,254 people), Miscellaneous managers (1,795 people), and Retail salespersons (1,483 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, by number of employees, are Elementary & middle school teachers (3,254 people), Miscellaneous managers (1,795 people), and Retail salespersons (1,483 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other PUMAs, Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY has an unusually high number of residents working as Psychologists (5.58 times higher than expected), Advertising sales agents (5.06 times), and Detectives & criminal investigators (4.86 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, by average salary, are Physicians & surgeons ($248,541), Securities, commodities, & financial services sales agents ($196,148), and Chief executives & legislators ($191,193).

Industries

Employment by Industries

51.3k

2017 Value

1.92%

1 Year growth

± 1.92%

From 2016 to 2017, employment in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY grew at a rate of 1.92%, from 50.3k employees to 51.3k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, are Elementary & secondary schools (6,946 people), Construction (3,071 people), and Hospitals (2,343 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, though some of these residents may live in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, by number of employees, are Elementary & secondary schools (6,946 people), Construction (3,071 people), and Hospitals (2,343 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other PUMAs, Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY has an unusually high number of Labor unions (4.64 times higher than expected), Libraries & archives (4.13 times), and Office supplies & stationery stores (3.71 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY, by average salary, are Soap, cleaning compound, & cosmetics manufacturing ($192,775), Machinery manufacturing, n.e.c. or not specified ($192,542), and Advertising, public relations & related services ($181,813).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from New York to other states, or from other states to New York.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2015, the top outbound New York product (by dollars) was Mixed freight with $67.6B, followed by Electronics ($47.2B) and Misc. mfg. prods. ($45.3B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound New York products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for New York.

$570B

2015 Value in New York

$854B

Projected 2045 Value in New York

49.9% growth

In 2015, total outbound New York trade was $570B. This is expected to increase 49.9% to $854B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound New York trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from New York to other states, or from other states to New York.

Most Common Trade Partners

New Jersey
$34.6B
Pennsylvania
$29.6B
Connecticut
$18.8B

In 2015, the top outbound New York domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was New Jersey with $34.6B, followed by Pennsylvania with $29.6B and Connecticut and $18.8B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that New York shares with each state (excluding itself).

Housing & Living

The median property value in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was $490,900 in 2018, which is 2.14 times larger than the national average of $229,700. Between 2017 and 2018 the median property value increased from $472,200 to $490,900, a 3.96% increase. The homeownership rate in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is 91.6%, which is higher than the national average of 63.9%. People in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY have an average commute time of 35.9 minutes, and they commute by Drove Alone. Car ownership in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$490,900

2018 Median

± $5,724

$472,200

2017 Median

± $3,783

In 2018, the median property value in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY grew to to $490,900 from the previous year's value of $472,200.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY the largest share of households have a property value in the N/A range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$136,285

Median Household Income

± $4,934

33.6k

Number of Households

± 1,078

In 2018, the median household income of the 33.6k households in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY grew to $136,285 from the previous year's value of $129,889.

The following chart displays the households in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $200k+ range.

Property Taxes

$3k+

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY the largest share of households pay taxes in the $3k+ range.

Rent vs Own

91.6%

2018 Homeownership

91.9%

2017 Homeownership

In 2018, 91.6% of the housing units in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY were occupied by their owner. This percentage declined from the previous year's rate of 91.9%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 63.9%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

35.9 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY have a longer commute time (35.9 minutes) than the normal US worker (25.3 minutes). Additionally, 9.31% of the workforce in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Method of Travel

Drove Alone
72%
Public Transit
16.8%
Carpooled
5.21%

In 2018, the most common method of travel for workers in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY was Drove Alone (72%), followed by those who Public Transit (16.8%) and those who Carpooled (5.21%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY have 2 cars, followed by 3 cars.

Health

98.3% of the population of Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY has health coverage, with 69.9% on employee plans, 4.22% on Medicaid, 13.2% on Medicare, 10.4% on non-group plans, and 0.408% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in New York was $9,778 in 2014. This is a 4.57% increase from the previous year ($9,351).

Primary care physicians in New York see 1202 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.25% increase from the previous year (1199 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1240 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 393 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Bronx County and Oswego County have the highest prevalence of diabetes (12.2%). Additionally, Chemung County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (33.3%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

1,202 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in New York

Primary care physicians in New York see an average of 1,202 patients per year. This represents a 0.25% increase from the previous year (1,199 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in New York in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for New York.

$9,778

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in New York

$5,338

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$9,803

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$12,179

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in New York (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.57%, from $9,351 to $9,778.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

1.75%

Uninsured

69.9%

Employer Coverage

4.22%

Medicaid

13.2%

Medicare

10.4%

Non-Group

0.408%

Military or VA

Between 2016 and 2018, the percent of uninsured citizens in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY declined by 41.5% from 2.98% to 1.75%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Hempstead Town (East Central) PUMA, NY changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.