Columbia, SC

Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA)

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2019 Population

839,039

0.705% 1-year growth

US Senator

Lindsey Graham

Republican Party

US Senator

Tim Scott

Republican Party

2019 Median Age

37.2

0.541% 1-year increase

2019 Poverty Rate

15%

1.59% 1-year decrease

2019 Median Household Income

$55,725

3.65% 1-year growth

2019 Median Property Value

$164,700

5.04% 1-year growth

2019 Employed Population

391,490

0.569% 1-year growth

About

In 2019, Columbia, SC had a population of 839k people with a median age of 37.2 and a median household income of $55,725. Between 2018 and 2019 the population of Columbia, SC grew from 833,165 to 839,039, a 0.705% increase and its median household income grew from $53,765 to $55,725, a 3.65% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Columbia, SC are White (Non-Hispanic) (55.5%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (34.1%), White (Hispanic) (2.98%), Asian (Non-Hispanic) (2.26%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (2.16%). 0% of the households in Columbia, SC speak a non-English language at home as their primary language.

96.9% of the residents in Columbia, SC are U.S. citizens.

The largest universities in Columbia, SC are University of South Carolina-Columbia (9,950 degrees awarded in 2019), Midlands Technical College (2,125 degrees), and Columbia College (217934) (543 degrees).

In 2019, the median property value in Columbia, SC was $164,700, and the homeownership rate was 67.9%. Most people in Columbia, SC drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 24.2 minutes. The average car ownership in Columbia, SC was 2 cars per household.

Columbia, SC borders Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC, Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC, Florence, SC, Greenwood, SC, Newberry, SC, Orangeburg, SC, Spartanburg, SC, and Sumter, SC.

About the photo: State Capitol Grounds, Columbia, SC

Photo by Ron Cogswell

United States South Carolina

Diversity

Columbia, SC is home to a population of 839k people, from which 96.9% are citizens. As of 2019, 11.5% of Columbia, SC residents were born outside of the country (96.1k people).

In 2019, there were 1.63 times more White (Non-Hispanic) residents (466k people) in Columbia, SC than any other race or ethnicity. There were 286k Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) and 25k White (Hispanic) residents, the second and third most common ethnic groups.

Race and Ethnicity

The 3 largest ethnic groups in Columbia, SC

White (Non-Hispanic)
466k ± 2.87k
Black or African American (Non-Hispanic)
286k ± 4.74k
White (Hispanic)
25k ± 3.72k

5.39%

Hispanic Population

45.2k people

5.39% of the people in Columbia, SC are hispanic (45.2k people).

The following chart shows the 7 races represented in Columbia, SC as a share of the total population.

Heritage

Foreign-Born Population

11.5%

2019 Foreign-Born Population

96.1k people

4.87%

2018 Foreign-Born Population

40.6k people

As of 2019, 11.5% of Columbia, SC residents (96.1k people) were born outside of the United States, which is lower than the national average of 34%. In 2018, the percentage of foreign-born citizens in Columbia, SC was 4.87%, meaning that the rate has been increasing.

The following chart shows the percentage of foreign-born residents in Columbia, SC compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Age by Nativity

Median Native-Born Age

± 0.4

Median Foreign-Born Age

± 1.9

In 2019, the median age of all people in Columbia, SC was 37.2. Native-born citizens, with a median age of 37, were generally younger than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 41. But people in Columbia, SC are getting getting older. In 2018, the average age of all Columbia, SC residents was 37.

Global Diversity

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for South Carolina.

Most Common Origin

Mexico
61,323 ± 6,043 people
Honduras
21,432 ± 3,587 people
India
16,010 ± 3,102 people

In 2019, the most common birthplace for the foreign-born residents of South Carolina was Mexico, the natal country of 61,323 South Carolina residents, followed by Honduras with 21,432 and India with 16,010.

Citizenship

96.9%

2019 Citizenship

97.5%

2018 Citizenship

As of 2019, 96.9% of Columbia, SC residents were US citizens, which is higher than the national average of 93.4%. In 2018, the percentage of US citizens in Columbia, SC was 97.5%, meaning that the rate of citizenship has been decreasing.

The following chart shows US citizenship percentages in Columbia, SC compared to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Military

Veterans

Most Common Service Period

Vietnam
17,261 ± 1,671
Gulf War (2001-)
14,816 ± 1,964
Gulf War (1990s)
10,086 ± 1,553

Columbia, SC has a large population of military personnel who served in Vietnam, 1.17 times greater than any other conflict.

COVID-19

Daily New Cases by Date

Showing data at the state level for South Carolina. Hospitalization data for some states may be delayed or not reported.

Y-Axis

This chart shows the number of COVID-19 daily new cases by date in South Carolina, as a 7-day rolling average, compared with the four states with the most similar number of confirmed cases.

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Unemployment Insurance Claims

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Carolina.

This chart shows weekly unemployment insurance claims in South Carolina (not-seasonally adjusted) compared with the four states with the most similar impact.

The most recent data point uses Advance State Claims data, which can be revised in subsequent weeks.

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Employment by Industry Sector

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Carolina.

Y-Axis

8.45%

Year-over-year growth

Employment change between May 2020 and May 2021

As of May 2021, there are 145M people employed in South Carolina. This represents a 8.45% increase in employment when compared to May 2020.

The following chart shows monthly employment numbers for each industry sector in South Carolina.

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Community Mobility

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Carolina.

This chart presents movement trends over time in the state of South Carolina across different categories of places such as retail and recreation, groceries and pharmacies, parks, transit stations, workplaces, and residential.

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Economy

Median household income in Columbia, SC is $55,725. In 2019, the county with the highest Median Household Income in Columbia, SC was Beaufort County, SC with a value of $74,127, followed by Charleston County, SC and Berkeley County, SC, with respective values of $71,531 and $69,398.

Males in South Carolina have an average income that is 1.38 times higher than the average income of females, which is $44,965. The income inequality in South Carolina (measured using the Gini index) is 0.459, which is lower than than the national average.

The economy of Columbia, SC employs 391k people. The largest industries in Columbia, SC are Health Care & Social Assistance (48,740 people), Educational Services (44,670 people), and Retail Trade (41,203 people), and the highest paying industries are Utilities ($65,812), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($60,964), and Finance & Insurance ($57,323).

Wages

Median Household Income

$55,725

2019 value

± $1,576

3.65%

1 Year Growth

± 4.71%

Households in Columbia, SC have a median annual income of $55,725, which is less than the median annual income of $65,712 across the entire United States. This is in comparison to a median income of $53,765 in 2018, which represents a 3.65% annual growth.

The following chart shows how the median household income in Columbia, SC compares to that of its neighboring and parent geographies.

Wage by Gender in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for South Carolina.

$62,069

Average Male Salary in South Carolina

± $1,506

$44,965

Average Female Salary in South Carolina

± $1,052

In 2019, full-time male employees in South Carolina made 1.38 times more than female employees.

This chart shows the gender-based wage disparity in the 5 most common occupations in South Carolina by number of full-time employees.

Wage by Race and Ethnicity in Common Jobs

The PUMS dataset is not available at the MSA level, so we are showing data for South Carolina.

Highest Average Salaries by Race & Ethnicity in South Carolina

Asian
$65,179 ± $9,434
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander
$59,283 ± $12,739
White
$52,982 ± $1,123

In 2019 the highest paid race/ethnicity of South Carolina workers was Asian. These workers were paid 1.1 times more than Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander workers, who made the second highest salary of any race/ethnicity in South Carolina.

This chart shows the race- and ethnicity-based wage disparities in the 5 most common occupations in South Carolina by number of full-time employees.

Wage Distribution

The closest comparable wage GINI for Columbia, SC is from South Carolina.

0.459

2019 Wage GINI in South Carolina

0.464

2018 Wage GINI in South Carolina

In 2019, the income inequality in South Carolina was 0.459 according to the GINI calculation of the wage distribution. Income inequality had a 1.12% decline from 2018 to 2019, which means that wage distribution grew somewhat more even. The GINI for South Carolina was lower than than the national average of 0.478. In other words, wages are distributed more evenly in South Carolina in comparison to the national average.

This chart shows the number of workers in South Carolina across various wage buckets compared to the national average.

Income by Location

Use the dropdown to filter by race/ethnicity.

Race/Ethnicity

Highest Median Household Income (Total)

In 2019, the county with the highest Median Household Income (Total) in Columbia, SC was Beaufort County, SC with a value of $74,127, followed by Charleston County, SC and Berkeley County, SC, with respective values of $71,531 and $69,398.

The following map shows all of the counties in Columbia, SC colored by their Median Household Income (Total).

Poverty by Age and Gender

Females 18 - 24

Largest Demographic Living in Poverty

15% of the population for whom poverty status is determined in Columbia, SC (118k out of 789k people) live below the poverty line, a number that is higher than the national average of 12.3%. The largest demographic living in poverty are Females 18 - 24, followed by Females 25 - 34 and then Males 18 - 24.

The Census Bureau uses a set of money income thresholds that vary by family size and composition to determine who classifies as impoverished. If a family's total income is less than the family's threshold than that family and every individual in it is considered to be living in poverty.

Poverty by Race and Ethnicity

Largest Race or Ethnicity Living in Poverty

Black
55,237 ± 1,873
White
50,479 ± 1,657
Hispanic
11,434 ± 890

The most common racial or ethnic group living below the poverty line in Columbia, SC is Black, followed by White and Hispanic.

Occupations

Employment by Occupations

391k

2019 Value

± 11,398

0.569%

1 Year growth

± 4.1%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Columbia, SC grew at a rate of 0.569%, from 389k employees to 391k employees.

The most common job groups, by number of people living in Columbia, SC, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (45,103 people), Management Occupations (43,560 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (37,726 people). This chart illustrates the share breakdown of the primary jobs held by residents of Columbia, SC.

Most Common

The most common jobs held by residents of Columbia, SC, by number of employees, are Office & Administrative Support Occupations (45,103 people), Management Occupations (43,560 people), and Sales & Related Occupations (37,726 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other MSAs, Columbia, SC has an unusually high number of residents working as Law Enforcement Workers Including Supervisors (1.43 times higher than expected), Education Instruction, & Library Occupations (1.3 times), and Community & Social Service Occupations (1.2 times).

Highest Paid

The highest paid jobs held by residents of Columbia, SC, by median earnings, are Architecture & Engineering Occupations ($73,971), Computer, Engineering, & Science Occupations ($65,857), and Legal Occupations ($65,763).

Industries

Employment by Industries

391k

2019 Value

± 11,398

0.569%

1 Year growth

± 4.1%

From 2018 to 2019, employment in Columbia, SC grew at a rate of 0.569%, from 389k employees to 391k employees.

The most common employment sectors for those who live in Columbia, SC, are Health Care & Social Assistance (48,740 people), Educational Services (44,670 people), and Retail Trade (41,203 people). This chart shows the share breakdown of the primary industries for residents of Columbia, SC, though some of these residents may live in Columbia, SC and work somewhere else. Census data is tagged to a residential address, not a work address.

Most Common

The most common industries in Columbia, SC, by number of employees, are Health Care & Social Assistance (48,740 people), Educational Services (44,670 people), and Retail Trade (41,203 people).

Most Specialized

Compared to other MSAs, Columbia, SC has an unusually high number of Utilities (1.71 times higher than expected), Public Administration (1.6 times), and Finance & Insurance (1.27 times) industries.

Highest Paying

The highest paying industries in Columbia, SC, by median earnings, are Utilities ($65,812), Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction ($60,964), and Finance & Insurance ($57,323).

Domestic Trade

Domestic Production & Consumption

Domestic production and consumption consists of products and services shipped from South Carolina to other states, or from other states to South Carolina.

Top Domestic Production in Dollars

In 2018, the top outbound South Carolina product (by dollars) was Machinery with $29B, followed by Motorized vehicles ($25.7B) and Plastics/rubber ($22.6B).

The following chart shows the share of these products in relation to all outbound South Carolina products.

Domestic Trade Growth

Showing data for South Carolina.

$252B

2018 Value in South Carolina

$524B

Projected 2045 Value in South Carolina

108% growth

In 2018, total outbound South Carolina trade was $252B. This is expected to increase 108% to $524B by 2045.

The following chart shows how the domestic outbound South Carolina trade is projected to change in comparison to its neighboring states.

Interstate Trade

Interstate trade consists of products and services shipped from South Carolina to other states, or from other states to South Carolina.

Most Common Trade Partners

North Carolina
$29.3B
Georgia
$19.1B
Louisiana
$9.21B

In 2018, the top outbound South Carolina domestic partner for goods and services (by dollars) was North Carolina with $29.3B, followed by Georgia with $19.1B and Louisiana and $9.21B.

The following map shows the amount of trade that South Carolina shares with each state (excluding itself).

Civics

In the 2016 presidential election, the popular vote in South Carolina went to Donald J. Trump with 54.9% of the vote. The runner-up was Hillary Rodham Clinton (40.7%), followed by Gary Johnson (2.34%). The most partisan county was Allendale County, SC with 76.1% of the vote going to Hillary Rodham Clinton running for the Democratic Party.

Lindsey Graham and Tim Scott are the senators currently representing the state of South Carolina. In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

South Carolina is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house, and members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms.

Presidential Popular Vote Over Time

Voting results are not available for Columbia, SC. Showing the available data for South Carolina.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

2016 Election Results

Donald J. Trump (54.9%)
Republican Party
Hillary Rodham Clinton (40.7%)
Democratic Party
Gary Johnson (2.34%)
Libertarian Party

The following chart shows the popular vote results in South Carolina for each registered party from 1976 to 2016.

Presidential Popular Vote by County

Presidential voting results are only available at the county level. Showing data for the counties inside of South Carolina.

Showing data up to the 2016 election. Updated election results are currently being processed, and will be released in the coming months.

Donald J. Trump

Popular Vote for South Carolina

54.9% for the Republican Party

Most Partisan Counties in South Carolina

Allendale County, SC
76.1% for Hillary Rodham Clinton (Democratic Party)
Pickens County, SC
73.9% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)
Oconee County, SC
71.9% for Donald J. Trump (Republican Party)

In the 2016 presidential election, the most partisan county in South Carolina was Allendale County, SC with 76.1% of the vote going to Hillary Rodham Clinton running for the Democratic Party.

The following map shows the counties in South Carolina colored by their party leaning.

US Senators from South Carolina

Senatorial voting results are only available at the state level. Showing data for South Carolina.

Lindsey Graham

Senator from South Carolina

Assumed office on January 3, 2003

Tim Scott

Senator from South Carolina

Assumed office on January 3, 2013
Appointed to the seat following the resignation of Jim DeMint.

Lindsey Graham and Tim Scott are the senators currently representing South Carolina.

In the United States, senators are elected to 6-year terms with the terms for individual senators staggered.

The following chart shows elected senators in South Carolina over time, excluding special elections, colored by their political party.

US Representatives from South Carolina

South Carolina is currently represented by 7 members in the U.S. house.

Members of the House of Representives are elected to 2-year terms, and the following chart shows the how the members for South Carolina have changed over time starting in 2008.

Education

In 2019, universities in Columbia, SC awarded 14,404 degrees. The student population of Columbia, SC is skewed towards women, with 22,109 male students and 30,506 female students.

Most students graduating from Universities in Columbia, SC are White (9,570 and 68.9%), followed by Black or African American (2,682 and 19.3%), Hispanic or Latino (580 and 4.17%), and Two or More Races (433 and 3.12%).

The largest universities in Columbia, SC by number of degrees awarded are University of South Carolina-Columbia (9,950 and 69.1%), Midlands Technical College (2,125 and 14.8%), and Columbia College (217934) (543 and 3.77%).

The most popular majors in Columbia, SC are General Business Administration & Management (702 and 4.87%), Liberal Arts & Sciences (687 and 4.77%), and General Finance (557 and 3.87%).

The median tuition costs in Columbia, SC are $14,280 for private four year colleges, and $12,288 and $33,528 respectively, for public four year colleges for in-state students and out-of-state students.

Concentrations

Most Common

General Finance
557 degree-majorss awarded
General Marketing & Marketing Management
457 degree-majorss awarded
General Business Administration & Management
436 degree-majorss awarded

In 2019, the most common concentation for Bachelors Degree recipients in Columbia, SC was General Finance with 557 degrees awarded.

This visualization illustrates the percentage of students graduating with a Bachelors Degree from schools in Columbia, SC according to their major.

Universities

Largest Universities by degrees awarded

University of South Carolina-Columbia
9,950 degrees awarded
Midlands Technical College
2,125 degrees awarded
Columbia College (217934)
543 degrees awarded

$12,288

Median In-State Public

$14,280

Median Private

In 2019, the Columbia, SC institution with the largest number of graduating students was University of South Carolina-Columbia with 9,950 degrees awarded.

Student Gender for Common Institutions

5,801

Degrees Awarded to Men

8,603

Degrees Awarded to Women

In 2019, 5,801 men were awarded degrees from institutions in Columbia, SC, which is 0.674 times less than the 8,603 female students who received degrees in the same year.

This chart displays the gender disparity between the top 5 institutions in Columbia, SC by degrees awarded.

Student Race and Ethnicity

Most Common Student Race or Ethnicity

White
9,570 degrees awarded
Black or African American
2,682 degrees awarded
Hispanic or Latino
580 degrees awarded

In 2019 the most common race/ethnicity group awarded degrees at institutions in Columbia, SC was White students. These 9,570 degrees mean that there were 3.57 times more degrees awarded to White students then the next closest race/ethnicity group, Black or African American, with 2,682 degrees awarded.

Housing & Living

The median property value in Columbia, SC was $164,700 in 2019, which is 0.685 times smaller than the national average of $240,500. Between 2018 and 2019 the median property value increased from $156,800 to $164,700, a 5.04% increase. The homeownership rate in Columbia, SC is 67.9%, which is higher than the national average of 64.1%. People in Columbia, SC have an average commute time of 24.2 minutes, and they drove alone to work. Car ownership in Columbia, SC is approximately the same as the national average, with an average of 2 cars per household.

Housing

Property Value

$164,700

2019 Median

± $3,159

$156,800

2018 Median

± $3,052

In 2019, the median property value in Columbia, SC grew to to $164,700 from the previous year's value of $156,800.

The following charts display, first, the property values in Columbia, SC compared to it's parent and neighbor geographies and, second, owner-occupied housing units distributed between a series of property value buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Columbia, SC the largest share of households have a property value in the $200k - $250k range.

Household Income

Please note that the buckets used in this visualization were not evenly distributed by ACS when publishing the data.

$55,725

Median Household Income

± $1,576

318k

Number of Households

± 9,711

In 2019, the median household income of the 318k households in Columbia, SC grew to $55,725 from the previous year's value of $53,765.

The following chart displays the households in Columbia, SC distributed between a series of income buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households have an income in the $75k - $100k range.

Property Taxes

< $800

Average Range

This chart shows the households in Columbia, SC distributed between a series of property tax buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. In Columbia, SC the largest share of households pay taxes in the < $800 range.

Rent vs Own

67.9%

2019 Homeownership

67.1%

2018 Homeownership

In 2019, 67.9% of the housing units in Columbia, SC were occupied by their owner. This percentage grew from the previous year's rate of 67.1%.

This percentage of owner-occupation is higher than the national average of 64.1%. This chart shows the ownership percentage in Columbia, SC compared it's parent and neighboring geographies.

Commute Time

24.2 minutes

Average Travel Time

Using averages, employees in Columbia, SC have a shorter commute time (24.2 minutes) than the normal US worker (26 minutes). Additionally, 2.43% of the workforce in Columbia, SC have "super commutes" in excess of 90 minutes.

The chart below shows how the median household income in Columbia, SC compares to that of it's neighboring and parent geographies.

Commuter Transportation

Most Common Commute in 2019

Drove Alone (81.4%)
Carpooled (7.19%)
Walked (4.74%)

In 2019, 81.4% of workers in Columbia, SC drove alone to work, followed by those who carpooled to work (7.19%) and those who walked to work (4.74%).

The following chart shows the number of households using each mode of transportation over time, using a logarithmic scale on the y-axis to help better show variations in the smaller means of commuting.

Transportation

Car Ownership

2 cars

Average Number

The following chart displays the households in Columbia, SC distributed between a series of car ownership buckets compared to the national averages for each bucket. The largest share of households in Columbia, SC have 2 cars, followed by false.

Health

90.2% of the population of Columbia, SC has health coverage, with 46.8% on employee plans, 14.5% on Medicaid, 10.3% on Medicare, 15.2% on non-group plans, and 3.4% on military or VA plans.

Per capita personal health care spending in South Carolina was $7,311 in 2014. This is a 4.15% increase from the previous year ($7,020).

Primary care physicians in South Carolina see 1494 patients per year on average, which represents a 0.267% decrease from the previous year (1498 patients). Compare this to dentists who see 1767 patients per year, and mental health providers who see 546 patients per year.

Comparing across all counties in the state, Williamsburg County has the highest prevalence of diabetes (23.4%). Additionally, Union County has the highest prevalence of adult obesity (46.8%)

Patient to Clinician Ratios

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Carolina.

1,494 to 1

Patient to Primary Care Physician Ratio in South Carolina

Primary care physicians in South Carolina see an average of 1,494 patients per year. This represents a 0.267% decrease from the previous year (1,498 patients).

The following chart shows how the number of patients seen by primary care physicians has been changing over time in South Carolina in comparison to its neighboring geographies.

Behavioral Health Conditions

Data only available at the state level.

State with the Highest Prevalence

West Virginia
8.26% of the population affected
Arkansas
8.13% of the population affected
New Hampshire
7.98% of the population affected

In 2016, West Virginia had the highest prevalence of adults with major depressive episode, with 8.26% of the population affected. The second highest is Arkansas (8.13%), followed by New Hampshire (7.98%).

The following map shows the percent of individuals with major depressive episode by state over multiple years.

Social Needs

Data only available at the state level.

Most prevalent states

California
35,798 individuals
New York
5,087 individuals
Florida
4,915 individuals

In 2017, California had the highest estimated number of chronically homeless individuals in the nation, at 35,798. New York has the second highest (5,087), followed by Florida (4,915).

The following map shows the estimated number of chronically homeless individuals by state over multiple years.

Access and Quality

Data only available at state level.

Most prevalent states

Mississippi
19.2% of adults
Texas
17.9% of adults
Louisiana
17.6% of adults

In 2016, Mississippi had the highest prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost, at 19.2%. It is followed by Texas (17.9%) and Louisiana (17.6%).

The following map shows the prevalence of adults who haven't seen a doctor in the past 12 months due to cost by state over multiple years.

Health Care Spending

Data is only available at the state level. Showing data for South Carolina.

$7,311

Total Per Capita Spending on Personal Health Care in South Carolina

$4,235

Per Enrollee Private Health Insurance Spending on Personal Health Care

$5,491

Per Enrollee Medicaid Spending on Personal Health Care

$10,298

Per Enrollee Medicare Spending on Personal Health Care

Between 2013 and 2014, all personal health care spending per capita in South Carolina (including private, Medicare, and Medicaid) grew 4.15%, from $7,020 to $7,311.

The following chart shows how this spending changed over time in comparison to Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance spending, per enrollee.

Health Care Coverage

9.77%

Uninsured

46.8%

Employer Coverage

14.5%

Medicaid

10.3%

Medicare

15.2%

Non-Group

3.4%

Military or VA

Between 2018 and 2019, the percent of uninsured citizens in Columbia, SC declined by 0.0163% from 9.77% to 9.77%.

The following chart shows how the percent of uninsured individuals in Columbia, SC changed over time compared with the percent of individuals enrolled in various types of health insurance.